【摘要】：目的：了解神經(jīng)內(nèi)科腦卒中患者的焦慮和抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生情況及其分布特點,探討神經(jīng)內(nèi)科腦卒中患者焦慮和抑郁癥狀的相關(guān)影響因素。 方法：以2013年6月至2013年12月期間湖南省長沙市中南大學湘雅三醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科的急性腦卒中住院患者為研究對象,采用自行設(shè)計的一般情況調(diào)查表、焦慮自評量表(SAS)和抑郁自評量表(SDS)對所有符合條件的腦卒中患者進行調(diào)查。 結(jié)果： 1.本次研究共回收有效問卷211份。其中男性和女性分別占55.5%和44.5%；職業(yè)以農(nóng)民和事業(yè)單位人員為主,分別占30.3%和27.0%；文化程度為小學及以下、初中、高中／中專、大專及以上的各占26.1%、32.2%、24.6%和12.3%；婚姻狀況中已婚的占大多數(shù),達81.0%；經(jīng)濟狀況為一般者居多,占45.5%；醫(yī)保類型為省(市)醫(yī)保、新農(nóng)合醫(yī)保、其他醫(yī)保、無醫(yī)保的患者分別占30.3%、32.2%、23.7%和13.8%。 2.在腦卒中類型中,出血性腦卒中和缺血性腦卒中分別占43.6%和56.4%；在腦卒中損傷部位中,左側(cè)大腦損傷、右側(cè)大腦損傷和雙側(cè)大腦損傷的患者各占28.4%、28.4%和25.6%；病程為30天、30-180天、180天的患者分別占52.6%、27.5%和19.9%；神經(jīng)功能缺損程度為輕度、中度、重度的患者分別占46.4%、17.1%和7.1%；有偏癱的患者占46.4%；住院次數(shù)以2-4次的為主,占53.1%。 3.焦慮癥狀的發(fā)生率為24.5%(52/211),其中23例輕度焦慮(10.9%),11例中度焦慮(5.2%),18例重度焦慮(8.5%)；抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生率為20.9%(44/211),24例輕度抑郁(11.4%),11例中度抑郁(5.2%),9例重度抑郁(4.3%)。 4.性別、年齡、經(jīng)濟狀況、住院次數(shù)是神經(jīng)內(nèi)科腦卒中患者焦慮癥狀發(fā)生的影響因素；性別、婚姻狀況、醫(yī)保類型和有無偏癱是神經(jīng)內(nèi)科腦卒中住院患者抑郁癥發(fā)生的影響因素。 結(jié)論： 1.神經(jīng)內(nèi)科腦卒中患者焦慮癥狀的發(fā)生率為24.5%,其中輕度焦慮(10.9%),中度焦慮(5.2%),重度焦慮(8.5%)；抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生率為20.9%,其中輕度抑郁(11.4%),中度抑郁(5.2%),重度抑郁(4.3%)。 2.性別、年齡、經(jīng)濟狀況、住院次數(shù)是神經(jīng)內(nèi)科急性腦卒中患者焦慮癥狀發(fā)生的影響因素；性別、婚姻狀況、醫(yī)保類型和有無偏癱是神經(jīng)內(nèi)科腦卒中住院患者抑郁癥發(fā)生的影響因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the occurrence and distribution of anxiety and depression in patients with neurologic stroke, and to explore the related factors of anxiety and depression in patients with neurologic stroke. Methods: from June 2013 to December 2013, inpatients with acute stroke in Department of Neurology, Central South University of Changsha, Hunan Province, were selected as subjects, and self-designed general information questionnaire was used. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating Depression scale (SDS) were used to investigate all eligible stroke patients. Results: 1. A total of 211 valid questionnaires were collected. The proportion of male and female were 55.5% and 44.5% respectively, and the occupation was mainly peasant and institution personnel, accounting for 30.3% and 27.0% respectively. The education level was primary school and below, middle school, high school / technical secondary school, junior high school and above accounted for 26.1% and 12.3% respectively, marriage status accounted for the majority of married, up to 81.0%; The type of medical insurance was provincial (city) medical insurance, new rural cooperative medical insurance, other medical insurance, and the patients without medical insurance accounted for 30.3% and 13.8% respectively. 2. In the type of stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke accounted for 43.6% and 56.4%, respectively. The patients with left brain injury, right brain injury and bilateral brain injury accounted for 28.4% and 25.6% respectively. The patients with 30 days, 30-180 days and 180 days accounted for 52.6% and 19.9%, respectively, and the patients with mild, moderate and severe neurological impairment accounted for 46.4% and 7.1%, respectively. Patients with hemiplegia accounted for 46.4%, and the number of hospitalizations was mainly 2-4 times, accounting for 53.1 times. 3. The incidence of anxiety symptoms was 24.5% (52 / 211), including 23 mild anxiety (10.9%), 11 moderate anxiety (5.2%) and 18 severe anxiety (8.5%). The incidence of depressive symptoms was 20.9% (44 / 211), 24 mild depression (11.4%), 11 moderate depression (5.2%) and 9 severe depression (4.3%). 4. Sex, age, economic status and times of hospitalization were the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in patients with neurologic stroke, sex, marital status, type of medical insurance and hemiplegia were the influencing factors of depression in stroke patients in neurology department. Conclusion: 1. The incidence of anxiety in patients with neurologic stroke was 24.5%, including mild anxiety (10.9%), moderate anxiety (5.2%) and severe anxiety (8.5%). The incidence of depressive symptoms was 20.9, including mild depression (11.4%), moderate depression (5.2%) and severe depression (4.3%). 2. Sex, age, economic status and times of hospitalization were the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in patients with acute stroke in neurology department. Sex, marital status, type of medical insurance and hemiplegia were the influencing factors of depression in inpatients with stroke in neurology department.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R743.3

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