【摘要】：帕金森病(Parkinson`s disease PD)是中老年人神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)常見的運動障礙性疾病，，其主要的病理特征是黑質(zhì)、紋狀體系統(tǒng)多巴胺（dopamine，DA）能神經(jīng)元進行性變性、丟失，中腦黑質(zhì)神經(jīng)元內(nèi)路易小體(Lewy body)形成，臨床表現(xiàn)為靜止性震顫、肌強直、運動遲緩等運動障礙癥狀和認知功能下降、抑郁、睡眠障礙、嗅覺功能減退、便秘等非運動癥狀。PD病因與遺傳因素、環(huán)境因素、年齡因素密切相關(guān)，在環(huán)境和遺傳因素相互作用的結(jié)果下，通過氧化應(yīng)激、線粒體功能障礙、易聚集蛋白錯誤折疊、聚集和降解異常、免疫炎癥反應(yīng)、興奮性神經(jīng)毒性作用等機制導(dǎo)致黑質(zhì)多巴胺能神經(jīng)元大量變性、丟失。尿酸（Uric acid, UA）是體內(nèi)腺苷、鳥苷和飲食中細胞內(nèi)核糖核酸嘌呤代謝的終產(chǎn)物，是人體內(nèi)生理性的抗氧化物質(zhì),流行病學(xué)及臨床研究提示，PD患者的尿酸水平顯著降低，低尿酸水平與帕金森病(PD)發(fā)病率增高密切相關(guān)，高水平的血UA和腦脊液UA可以減慢PD病人的病情進展。尿酸與PD患者的療效減退、非運動癥狀的發(fā)生亦有一定的關(guān)系。基礎(chǔ)研究結(jié)果證實尿酸對多巴胺能神經(jīng)元具有保護作用。調(diào)節(jié)尿酸水平有希望作為帕金森病防治的潛在新靶點。
[Abstract]:Parkinson's disease (Parkinson's disease PD) is a common motor disorder in the nervous system of middle and old people. Its main pathological features are substantia nigra and progressive degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum system. (Lewy body) of Lewy corpuscles in substantia nigra neurons was formed. The clinical manifestations were static tremor, myotonia, motor retardation, depression, sleep disorder, and decreased olfactory function. The etiology of constipation is closely related to genetic factors, environmental factors and age factors. Under the interaction of environmental and genetic factors, it is easy to fold aggregation protein by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, etc. Abnormal aggregation and degradation, immune inflammation, excitatory neurotoxicity and other mechanisms lead to a large number of degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Uric acid (Uric acid, UA) is the end product of adenosine, guanosine and intracellular ribonucleic acid purine metabolism in human body. Low uric acid level was closely associated with the increased incidence of (PD) in Parkinson's disease. High levels of serum UA and cerebrospinal fluid UA could slow down the progression of PD patients. Uric acid is also associated with the decrease of curative effect and the occurrence of non-motor symptoms in patients with PD. The basic results confirm that uric acid has protective effect on dopaminergic neurons. Regulation of uric acid levels may be a potential new target for the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R742.5

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