【摘要】： 抗生素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是20世紀(jì)最輝煌的醫(yī)藥成果,引起人類疾病的主要病原體如細(xì)菌、病毒、真菌和分支桿菌對抗生素產(chǎn)生耐藥性是21世紀(jì)全球公共衛(wèi)生面臨的最嚴(yán)重的威脅之一。海南省是我國南部的熱帶季風(fēng)氣候、同時(shí)深受海洋影響高溫多雨的沿海地區(qū),和我們東北的溫帶大陸季風(fēng)氣候不同,菌種類別和菌群分布也有它的特殊性。 海南省人民醫(yī)院是海南省最大的綜合性醫(yī)院,抗生素使用量大,而且大多數(shù)新藥又是首先被使用,故該院細(xì)菌的耐藥問題具有一定的代表性。為此于2004年1月至2005年12月對該院臨床科室兒科住院部和門診抗生素使用以及致病菌分布情況和主要致病菌的耐藥性進(jìn)行了兩年的調(diào)查,并利用改良三維試驗(yàn)、質(zhì)粒PCR基因型鑒定試驗(yàn)和質(zhì)粒消除試驗(yàn)對主要致病菌的耐藥機(jī)制予以初步探討。為海南省人民醫(yī)院感染細(xì)菌的流行病學(xué)及分子流行病學(xué)研究提供第一手資料。 本研究工作主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面:海南省人民醫(yī)院兒科抗生素使用情況調(diào)查;兒科致病菌分布情況的調(diào)查;兒科主要致病菌耐藥性的調(diào)查;主要致病菌產(chǎn)β內(nèi)酰胺酶的檢測;銅綠假單胞菌耐藥性R質(zhì)�；蛐丸b定;銅綠假單胞菌R質(zhì)粒消除實(shí)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:The discovery of antibiotics is one of the most brilliant medical achievements in the 20th century. Antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and mycobacteria is one of the most serious threats to global public health in the 21st century. Hainan Province is the tropical monsoon climate in the south of China and the coastal area which is heavily influenced by the ocean. It is different from the continental monsoon climate in the temperate zone of northeast China. The distribution of bacteria species and flora also has its particularity. Hainan Provincial people's Hospital is the largest general hospital in Hainan Province. The use of antibiotics is large, and most new drugs are first used, so the drug resistance of bacteria in this hospital is representative. From January 2004 to December 2005, a two-year investigation was carried out on the use of antibiotics, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of major pathogens in the inpatient and outpatient departments of paediatrics in the clinical department of the Academy, and an improved three-dimensional test was used. The mechanism of drug resistance of major pathogenic bacteria was preliminarily investigated by plasmid PCR genotype identification test and plasmid elimination test. To provide first-hand data for epidemiological and molecular epidemiological studies of nosocomial infections in Hainan Province. The research work mainly includes the following aspects: investigation on the use of pediatric antibiotics in Hainan Provincial people's Hospital; investigation on the distribution of paediatric pathogenic bacteria; investigation on drug resistance of major paediatric pathogens; detection of 尾 -lactamases produced by major pathogenic bacteria; Identification of R plasmid genotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and elimination of R plasmid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R72;R181.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 孫陽;;兒科門診用藥咨詢情況的分析[J];中國醫(yī)藥指南;2012年25期

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