本文選題：血吸蟲病　切入點(diǎn)：監(jiān)測(cè)　出處：《中國(guó)寄生蟲學(xué)與寄生蟲病雜志》2017年06期

【摘要】：目的分析2016年全國(guó)血吸蟲病監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)疫情,為科學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)血吸蟲病防治效果提供參考。方法按照《全國(guó)血吸蟲病監(jiān)測(cè)方案(2014版)》的要求,在全國(guó)13個(gè)省(直轄市、自治區(qū))所有血吸蟲病流行縣(市、區(qū))和三峽庫(kù)區(qū)的潛在流行縣(市、區(qū))共設(shè)立454個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn),按照不同流行類型對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)爻Ｗ【用瘛⒘鲃?dòng)人群、家畜的日本血吸蟲(Schistosoma japonicum)感染情況,釘螺分布及感染情況等進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),并對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行匯總和分析。結(jié)果 2016年,全國(guó)454個(gè)血吸蟲病監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)共采用間接紅細(xì)胞凝集試驗(yàn)(IHA)篩查本地居民129 971人,血清抗體陽(yáng)性者3 852例,其中3 801例血清抗體陽(yáng)性者接受了病原學(xué)檢查,發(fā)現(xiàn)糞檢陽(yáng)性者21例(湖南省19例,江西省2例),居民血吸蟲感染率為0.02%(21/129 971);血清學(xué)方法篩查流動(dòng)人群共97 474人,血清抗體陽(yáng)性者980例,其中953例血清抗體陽(yáng)性者接受了病原學(xué)檢查,發(fā)現(xiàn)糞檢陽(yáng)性者9例(浙江省8例,湖南省1例,均為輸入性感染者),監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)流動(dòng)人群血吸蟲感染率為0.01%(9/97 474)。全國(guó)的監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)均無急性血吸蟲病病例報(bào)告。監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)共檢測(cè)家畜12 769頭,發(fā)現(xiàn)血吸蟲感染家畜(牛)1頭。監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)累計(jì)調(diào)查釘螺面積22 371.69 hm~2(1 hm~2=10 000 m~2),查出有螺面積6 999.57 hm2,其中新發(fā)現(xiàn)釘螺面積136.77 hm~2,分布于安徽省和上海市;除湖北、湖南和廣東省以外,其余各省監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)復(fù)現(xiàn)釘螺面積125.22 hm~2,但均未發(fā)現(xiàn)感染性釘螺。結(jié)論 2016年全國(guó)血吸蟲病疫情穩(wěn)定,未發(fā)現(xiàn)急性感染病例和感染性釘螺,人、畜保持血吸蟲低感染狀態(tài)。局部新發(fā)現(xiàn)或復(fù)現(xiàn)釘螺。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis surveillance sites in 2016, and to provide a reference for the scientific evaluation of schistosomiasis control effect. Methods according to the requirements of the National schistosomiasis Surveillance Program 2014, 13 provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government), In the autonomous region, 454 state-level surveillance points have been set up in all schistosomiasis endemic counties (cities and districts) and in potential endemic counties (cities and districts) in the three Gorges Reservoir area, to be used for local residents and floating populations according to different epidemic types. The infection of Schistosoma japonicum, the distribution and infection of snails in domestic animals were monitored, and the results were summarized and analyzed. A total of 129,971 local residents were screened by indirect erythrocyte agglutination test (IHAs) in 454 schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China. Among them, 3,852 cases were positive for serum antibodies, among which 3,801 cases were tested for etiology. 21 cases (19 cases in Hunan Province and 2 cases in Jiangxi Province) were found to be positive in fecal examination, the infection rate of schistosomiasis was 0.02%, the serological method was used to screen 97 474 floating population, 980 cases were positive for serum antibody. Among them, 953 cases with positive serum antibody were examined by etiology, 9 cases were found to be positive in fecal examination (8 cases in Zhejiang Province, 1 case in Hunan Province, 1 case in Hunan Province). The infection rate of Schistosoma japonicum in floating population was 0.01 / 97,4740.There were no cases of acute schistosomiasis reported in all the monitoring sites in China. 12,769 domestic animals were detected at the monitoring points. The total snail area of 22 371.69 hm~2(1 hm~2=10 000 m-2 was investigated at the surveillance site. The snail area was found to be 6 999.57 hm-2, among which the newly discovered snail area was 136.77 hmm-2, which was distributed in Anhui and Shanghai provinces, except Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong Province, with the exception of Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong provinces. The area of Oncomelania hupensis reappeared in other provinces was 125.22 hmm2, but no infected snails were found. Conclusion the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in China in 2016 is stable, there are no cases of acute infection and infected snails. The animals kept low infection status of schistosomiasis. Oncomelania hupensis was discovered or reappeared locally.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心寄生蟲病預(yù)防控制所 世界衛(wèi)生組織熱帶病合作中心 科技部國(guó)家級(jí)熱帶病國(guó)際聯(lián)合研究中心 衛(wèi)生部寄生蟲病原與媒介生物學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：上海市公共衛(wèi)生第四輪三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃(No.15GWZK0101) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(No.2016YFC1202000,No.2016YFC1202001) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)青年基金(No.81301454)~~
【分類號(hào)】：R181.8;R532.21

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