【摘要】：目的：（1）探討復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解期個體對情緒面孔是否存在注意偏向及其注意偏向機制。（2）通過注意力訓(xùn)練實驗，探討該訓(xùn)練是否能引導(dǎo)復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解期個體對消極刺激的注意有所減少。 方法：選用Beck抑郁自評量表（BDI）篩選出正常個體24人和抑郁情緒個體21人,采用漢密爾頓抑郁量表（HDRS-17）篩選復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解期個體24人。本研究分為兩個實驗。實驗一為眼動實驗，選用情緒面孔圖片作為實驗材料，通過分析實驗參與者的眼動指標來探討復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解期個體的注意偏向機制；實驗二為認知干預(yù)實驗，通過比較實驗參與者在注意力訓(xùn)練前后的注意偏向特點，探討注意力訓(xùn)練能否有效地使實驗參與者表現(xiàn)出對消極圖片的選擇性回避。 結(jié)果：（1）正常組和復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解組被試在未到達興趣區(qū)之前的注視時間上差異不大，而抑郁情緒組被試在未到達悲傷表情圖片之前注視時間明顯小于高興表情圖片。 （2）正常組被試對高興表情面孔的首視點持續(xù)時間與悲傷表情面孔的首視點持續(xù)時間沒有差異，抑郁情緒組被試對高興表情面孔的首視點持續(xù)時間大于悲傷表情面孔的首視點持續(xù)時間，復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解組被試對高興表情面孔的首視點持續(xù)時間小于悲傷表情面孔的首視點持續(xù)時間。 （3）對于高興表情面孔圖片，三組被試在注視點個數(shù)上沒有差異。對于悲傷表情面孔圖片，在注視點個數(shù)上抑郁組要多于緩解組，緩解組要多于正常組。 （4）對于高興情緒面孔圖片，總注視時間正常組大于抑郁組，抑郁組大于緩解組；對于悲傷情緒面孔圖片，在總注視時間上緩解組要大于抑郁組，抑郁組要大于正常組。 （5）與訓(xùn)練前相比，三組被試在注意力訓(xùn)練之后對圖像消極部分的注視點個數(shù)明顯減少，對圖像消極部分的注視時間明顯減少。 結(jié)論：（1）復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解期個體對情緒面孔圖片存在注意偏向，且注意偏向的模式在悲傷面孔和高興面孔之間存在差異。對悲傷面孔表現(xiàn)為一種注意警覺—注意維持的模式，對高興面孔表現(xiàn)為注意回避的行為模式。 （2）注意力訓(xùn)練不論對于正常個體、抑郁情緒個體還是復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁緩解個體都是有效的。正常個體和緩解期個體在積極訓(xùn)練條件下，與訓(xùn)練前相比，他們在訓(xùn)練后對消極刺激的注意都明顯減少，，然而這樣的訓(xùn)練效果在中性訓(xùn)練條件下并沒有表現(xiàn)出來。
[Abstract]:Objective: (1) to investigate whether there is attention bias and its mechanism to emotional face in individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression. (2) through attention training experiment, To explore whether this training can guide individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression to pay less attention to negative stimuli. Methods: 24 normal individuals and 21 depressed individuals were selected by Beck self-rating depression scale (BDI), and 24 individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression were screened by Hamilton depression scale (HDRS-17). This study is divided into two experiments. The first experiment was eye movement experiment. Emotional face pictures were selected as experimental materials to explore the mechanism of attention bias in individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression by analyzing the eye movement indexes of the participants in the experiment. The second experiment is cognitive intervention experiment. By comparing the characteristics of attention bias before and after attention training, this paper discusses whether attention training can effectively make the experimental participants show selective avoidance of negative pictures. Results: (1) there was no significant difference in the fixation time between the normal group and the recurrent depression remission group before reaching the region of interest, but the fixation time in the depression group was significantly lower than that in the happy expression picture before reaching the sad expression picture. (2) there was no difference in the first view duration between the happy expression face and the sad expression face in the normal group. In the depression group, the first view duration of the happy expression face was longer than that of the sad expression face. In the recurrent depression remission group, the first view duration of happy facial expression was less than that of sad facial face. (3) for the pictures of happy faces, there was no difference in the number of gaze points among the three groups. For sad facial images, the number of gaze points in depression group was more than that in remission group, and that in remission group was more than that in normal group. (4) for the picture of happy emotional face, the total fixation time of normal group was longer than that of depression group, and that of depression group was larger than that of remission group, and for the picture of sad emotional face, the total fixation time of remission group was larger than that of depression group, and that of depression group was larger than that of normal group. (5) compared with before training, the number of fixation points on the negative part of the image decreased significantly and the fixation time on the negative part of the image decreased significantly in the three groups after attention training. Conclusion: (1) in the remission stage of recurrent depression, individuals have attention bias to emotional face pictures, and the pattern of attention bias is different between sad face and happy face. For sad faces, it is a pattern of attention vigilance and maintenance, and for happy faces, it is a pattern of attention avoidance. (2) attention training is effective for normal individuals, depressed individuals and individuals with recurrent depression relief. Under the condition of active training, both normal individuals and individuals in remission stage paid less attention to negative stimuli after training than before training, but the training effect did not show under the condition of neutral training.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R749.4;B842

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