【摘要】：[目的]調(diào)查石門(mén)二路街道高齡獨(dú)居老人的抑郁癥狀情況,并初步探討綜合心理干預(yù)對(duì)抑郁癥狀的改善效果。 [方法]對(duì)石門(mén)二路街道80歲及以上獨(dú)居老人采用二階段隨機(jī)抽樣法抽取64人進(jìn)行詢問(wèn)調(diào)查,并進(jìn)行抑郁自評(píng)量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)測(cè)評(píng)。按抑郁癥狀等級(jí)進(jìn)行分層隨機(jī)抽樣,將64名老人分為干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組,每組32名老人。干預(yù)組進(jìn)行為期半年的綜合心理干預(yù),包括家訪、心理疏導(dǎo)、集中授課、與家屬積極聯(lián)系。而對(duì)照組則只進(jìn)行常規(guī)健康管理。半年后,再次對(duì)兩組老人進(jìn)行SDS測(cè)評(píng),以了解綜合心理干預(yù)對(duì)老年人抑郁癥狀的的改善情況。 [結(jié)果]經(jīng)SDS評(píng)分后發(fā)現(xiàn),64名高齡獨(dú)居老人中輕、中、重度抑郁的患者分別占40.6%、15.6%和0%。干預(yù)前干預(yù)組與對(duì)照組SDS評(píng)分差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),經(jīng)過(guò)半年綜合心理干預(yù),干預(yù)組中SDS評(píng)分均數(shù)從55.0下降到40.9,未見(jiàn)中度抑郁癥狀的老人,輕度抑郁癥狀老人比例從40.6%下降到16.7%。而對(duì)照組中SDS評(píng)分均數(shù)從54.7上升到56.5,輕度抑郁癥狀老人比例無(wú)變化,而中度抑郁癥狀老人比例從15.6%上升到29.0%。干預(yù)組SDS評(píng)分均數(shù)低于干預(yù)前水平和對(duì)照組同期水平。 [結(jié)論]經(jīng)過(guò)半年綜合心理干預(yù)的高齡獨(dú)居老人的抑郁癥狀得以明顯改善,而僅進(jìn)行常規(guī)健康管理的高齡獨(dú)居老人的抑郁癥狀有輕微加重趨勢(shì),說(shuō)明綜合心理干預(yù)對(duì)高齡獨(dú)居老人抑郁癥狀有積極作用,今后社區(qū)基層組織及醫(yī)院應(yīng)加大對(duì)高齡獨(dú)居老人綜合心理干預(yù)的力度。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the depressive symptoms of the elderly solitary elderly in the second street of Shimen, and to explore the effect of comprehensive psychological intervention on the improvement of depressive symptoms. [methods] Sixty-four single people aged 80 years old and above in the second street of Shimen were investigated by two-stage random sampling, and self-rating depression scale (Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS) was carried out. 64 elderly people were divided into intervention group and control group with 32 elderly in each group. The intervention group conducted six months of comprehensive psychological intervention, including home visits, psychological counseling, intensive teaching, and positive contact with family members. In the control group, only routine health management was performed. Six months later, two groups of old people were tested with SDS again to understand the improvement of depression symptoms by comprehensive psychological intervention. [results] according to SDS score, the percentage of mild, moderate and severe depression in 64 elderly persons living alone was 40. 6% and 0. 6% respectively. There was no significant difference in SDS scores between the intervention group and the control group before intervention (P0.05). After half a year comprehensive psychological intervention, the average SDS score in the intervention group decreased from 55.0 to 40.9, and the proportion of the elderly with mild depressive symptoms decreased from 40.6% to 16.7%. In the control group, the average of SDS scores increased from 54.7 to 56.5, while the proportion of the elderly with mild depression did not change, while the proportion of the elderly with moderate depressive symptoms increased from 15.6% to 29.0%. The mean of SDS score in the intervention group was lower than that before the intervention and the control group. [conclusion] after six months of comprehensive psychological intervention, the depression symptoms of the elderly single elderly people were improved obviously, while the depression symptoms of the elderly single elderly people who only carried out routine health management had a slight exacerbation trend. It is concluded that comprehensive psychological intervention plays a positive role in the depression symptoms of the elderly living alone, and the community grass-roots organizations and hospitals should strengthen the comprehensive psychological intervention for the elderly living alone in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R749.4

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