【摘要】：目的:調查青海省五所高職院校學生結核病知識、信念、行為的現(xiàn)狀及有關的影響因素,為有效開展高職院校學生結核病健康教育提供科學依據(jù)。方法:采取分層整群抽樣的方法,共抽取青海省五所高職院校1881名在校大一、大二學生作為調查對象。采用自行設計的結核病知識知識、信念、行為調查問卷進行調查。調查問卷內容包括基本情況、結核病防治知識、結核病相關信念、結核病相關行為和結核病知識需求及獲取途徑等內容。通過EpiData3.1進行了資料的錄入,利用SPSS21.0軟件對錄入的資料進行統(tǒng)計學分析。結果:1.青海省高職院校學生對自設問卷的12個知識條目的總體知曉率為51.39%。單一知識知曉率介于9.62%-87.19%,對肺結核癥狀的知曉率最高,為87.19%;對是否有肺結核疫苗的知曉率最低,為9.62%。對結核病防治5條核心知識的總體知曉率為68.04%。2.青海省高職院校學生結核病信念的持有率15.90%-92.82%,結核病信念的總持有率為73.02%。3.青海省高職院校學生結核病相關行為的持有率介于38.01%-91.39%,結核病相關行為的總持有率為70.12%。4.單因素分析顯示,不同類型的學校,不同年級、性別、民族的學生結核病防治知識知曉率存在差異。5.多因素分析顯示,不同類型的學校,不同年級、民族學生結核病防治知識知曉率存在差異。6.通過Pearson相關性分析,結核病知識、信念和行為之間存在著相關關系。結論:1.青海省高職院校學生結核病防治知識的知曉率較低,而且了解不全面。需要進一步加強結核病防治知識的健康教育和宣傳,尤其是我國對結核病患者的檢查和治療是否有免費政策;得了肺結核,一般需要治療多長時間;目前我國是否有預防結核病的疫苗和個人預防肺結核比較有效的方法等內容的宣傳普及。2.大多數(shù)學生對結核病防治信念掌握的較好,但對個人有患結核病的風險認識不清。高職院校學生接受結核病健康教育的態(tài)度比較積極,愿意積極參加學校開展的結核病健康教育相關活動。3.高職院校學生在結核病相關行為方面總體較好,但既往主動獲取過結核病方面健康知識和主動將了解的結核病知識傳授給家人和朋友的比例較低。4.不同人口學特征的學生結核病知識、信念、行為水平存在著一定差異,知識、信念、行為之間存在相關性。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the status quo of tuberculosis knowledge, belief, behavior and related influencing factors among students in five vocational colleges in Qinghai province, and to provide scientific basis for carrying out tuberculosis health education for students in higher vocational colleges. Methods: 1881 freshmen and sophomores in five vocational colleges in Qinghai province were selected by stratified cluster sampling. A self-designed questionnaire on tuberculosis knowledge, belief and behavior was used. The contents of the questionnaire include basic situation, knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control, tuberculosis related beliefs, tuberculosis related behaviors, knowledge needs and access to tuberculosis. The data was input by EpiData3.1, and the data was analyzed statistically by SPSS21.0 software. Results: 1. The overall awareness rate of 12 knowledge items in Qinghai vocational college is 51.39. The awareness rate of single knowledge ranged from 9.62 to 87.19, and that of tuberculosis symptoms was the highest (87.19), and that of tuberculosis vaccine was the lowest (9.62). The overall awareness rate of 5 core knowledge of TB control was 68.04.2. The holding rate of tuberculosis belief of students in Qinghai higher vocational colleges is 15.90-92.82%, and the total holding rate of tuberculosis belief is 73.02%. 3. The holding rate of TB related behaviors of students in Qinghai higher vocational colleges was between 38.01 and 91.39, and the total holding rate of TB related behaviors was 70.12.4. Univariate analysis showed that there were differences in the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge among students in different types of schools, different grades, sexes and nationalities. Multivariate analysis showed that there were differences in the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge among different types of schools, different grades and ethnic students. 6. 6%. By Pearson correlation analysis, there is a correlation between TB knowledge, beliefs and behavior. Conclusion: 1. The awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge of students in Qinghai higher vocational colleges is low, and the understanding is not comprehensive. There is a need to further strengthen health education and publicity on tuberculosis prevention and control, especially whether there is a free policy for the examination and treatment of tuberculosis patients in our country; At present whether our country has the prevention tuberculosis vaccine and the personal prevention tuberculosis more effective method and so on content propaganda popularizes. 2. Most students have a good grasp of TB prevention and control beliefs, but do not understand the individual risk of TB. Higher vocational college students accept tuberculosis health education attitude is more active, willing to actively participate in the school carried out by tuberculosis health education related activities. 3. The students in higher vocational colleges generally have better behavior related to tuberculosis, but the proportion of health knowledge about tuberculosis and knowledge of tuberculosis that has been actively acquired and transferred to family and friends is lower in the past. 4. There are some differences in tuberculosis knowledge, belief and behavior among students with different demographic characteristics, and there is a correlation between knowledge, belief and behavior.
【學位授予單位】：中國疾病預防控制中心
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R52;R193

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