利用DALY指標分析荊州市艾滋病的疾病負擔
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-12 07:34
【摘要】：[研究背景] 疾病負擔是由于疾病導致的發(fā)病、傷殘、過早死亡等對社會健康及經(jīng)濟狀況的壓力,通過綜合、動態(tài)的疾病負擔的監(jiān)測可以獲得某個國家和地區(qū)的相關疾病的疾病負擔,從而為政府制定相關疾病的防治政策提供數(shù)據(jù)支持[1]。從上世紀八十年代開始,我國對于疾病負擔的研究逐漸增多,研究的對象從艾滋病、結(jié)核、流感等傳染性疾病到糖尿病、心臟病、腦卒中、惡性腫瘤等慢性非傳染性疾病[2],而對于艾滋病的疾病負擔的研究,國內(nèi)主要是利用世界衛(wèi)生組織提供的參數(shù)進行研究,很少有利用本地區(qū)的參數(shù)來進行艾滋病疾病負擔研究的報道。 自1981年美國發(fā)現(xiàn)首例艾滋病病例以來,截止到2010年全球有3000多萬艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人,造成的疾病負擔居全球疾病負擔的前10位[3]。運用DALY指標來分析艾滋病引起的疾病負擔比單純運用發(fā)病率、死亡率、致殘率等指標更加能夠反映出艾滋病帶來的后果及對社會負擔的影響,從而為政府及衛(wèi)生行政部門研究和制定針對艾滋病的防治策略提供直接依據(jù)。 [研究目的和意義] 1.了解荊州城區(qū)HIV感染者/AIDS患者的人口學特征、疫情特點、生存質(zhì)量等； 2.應用DALY指標分析荊州城區(qū)艾滋病的疾病負擔,為今后荊州市開展常規(guī)性疾病負擔分析打下技術基礎； 3.結(jié)合HIV感染者/AIDS患者流行特點,通過疾病負擔的分析,為政府和衛(wèi)生行政部門決策提供更直觀具體的數(shù)據(jù)支持。 [研究內(nèi)容和方法] 本研究從研究內(nèi)容上包括兩部分,一部分是關于本地區(qū)HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存質(zhì)量分析,主要是利用世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)生存質(zhì)量量表簡表。二是基于第一部分生存質(zhì)量研究得出本地區(qū)的HIV感染者/AIDS患者傷殘權重(D),通過收集相關人口、疫情資料,利用DALY公式得出本地區(qū)的艾滋病疾病負擔。 [研究結(jié)果] 1.截止2012年,荊州城區(qū)累計報告HIV感染者/AIDS患者203例,死亡41例。報告病例年齡集中分布在15-29歲和30-44歲這兩個年齡段,累計占報告總病例數(shù)的77.5%,總體報告病例男性：女性為3.44：1。報告的203例HIV感染者/AIDS患者中,經(jīng)同性傳播75例(36.9%),異性傳播86例(42.4%),經(jīng)靜脈注射毒品傳播28例(13.8%)。 2.HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存質(zhì)量分析結(jié)果顯示：單因素分析顯示,被調(diào)查對象的生存質(zhì)量得分在年齡、感染途徑等方面有統(tǒng)計學差異。多元線性回歸分析表明,年齡、婚姻狀況與生存質(zhì)量評分有顯著影響。年齡是生存質(zhì)量的阻礙因素、而年齡越小、已婚與生存質(zhì)量呈正相關。 3.本研究結(jié)果顯示當?shù)匕滩麣垯嘀貐?shù)為0.478,2012年每十萬人損失的DALYs為17.61人年,YLLs/YLDs為1.69：1。 [研究結(jié)論] 1.本地區(qū)報告病例數(shù)近兩年來增長明顯,病例死亡數(shù)相對穩(wěn)定,無明顯變化趨勢,新報告病例年齡集中在中青年年齡段(15-44歲),但60歲以上老年人報告病例數(shù)逐漸增多,同時男性病例報告數(shù)明顯高于女性,報告病例感染途徑以性傳播為主,其中同性性傳播增長明顯； 2.本地區(qū)HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存質(zhì)量不容樂觀,影響因素主要有年齡、婚姻狀況和感染途徑等； 3.男性疾病負擔明顯高于女性,且中青年人的疾病負擔最重； 4.通過加大宣傳和檢測減少AIDS的傳播和發(fā)病,通過抗反轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物的使用延長HIV感染者/AIDS患者壽命,以及通過四免一關懷及其他救助措施改善HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存質(zhì)量,均可以減輕本地區(qū)艾滋病的疾病負擔。
[Abstract]:[Background] The burden of disease is the pressure on social health and economic conditions caused by disease, disability, premature death and so on. Through comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of disease burden, the disease of a certain country and region can be obtained. To provide data support for the Government to formulate policies for the prevention and control of relevant diseases[1. From the beginning of the 1980s, our country's research on the burden of disease has gradually increased, and the subjects studied from AIDS, tuberculosis, influenza and other infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, malignant tumor, etc.[2] For the research on the burden of AIDS, the research on the AIDS burden is mainly carried out by using the parameters provided by the World Health Organization, and few of the parameters of the region are used to carry out the research on the AIDS burden. It is reported that since the first AIDS case in the United States in 1981, more than 30 million people living with HIV and AIDS in the world have been infected by AIDS in 2010, resulting in the burden of disease on the top 1 of the global burden of disease 0-bit[3]. Using the DALY index to analyze the disease burden caused by AIDS is more able to reflect the consequences of AIDS and to society than simply by using the indexes such as morbidity, mortality, disability rate and so on. The impact of the burden to research and develop HIV/ AIDS prevention strategies for the Government and the health administration For direct basis.[Study Purpose and Significance] 1. Demographic Characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS Patients in Jingzhou District 2. Use the DALY index to analyze the disease burden of AIDS in Jingzhou city, and carry out normal development in Jingzhou in the future. Based on the analysis of the epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients and through the analysis of the burden of the disease, it is the government and the health line. Policy decisions will be more direct View specific data support.[Research Contents and Methods] This study includes two parts from the study, part of which is the analysis of the survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region, if that disability weight (D) of the HIV-infected/ AIDS patient in the region is based on the first part of the survival quality study, the HIV/ AIDS patient's disability weight (D) is derived from the first part of the survival quality study, Material, using DA The LY formula gives rise to the AIDS burden in the region.[Results] 1. By 2012, Jingzhou 203 cases of HIV/ AIDS patients with HIV/ AIDS were reported in urban areas, and 41 cases died. The reported cases were in the age of 15-29 and 30-44 years. Of the 203 HIV/ AIDS patients reported, 75 (36. 9%) of the 203 HIV-infected/ AIDS patients reported the same-sex transmission, and the heterosexual transmission 8 6 cases (42. 4%), 28 cases (13. 8%) after intravenous drug transmission. The analysis of survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients showed that the single factor analysis The results showed that the quality scores of the subjects under investigation were statistically different in age, infection route and so on. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, marital status and survival quality score had significant shadow. In response, age is an obstacle to the quality of life, and the smaller the age, the married life is positively related to the quality of life. 3. The results show that the local AIDS disability weight parameters are 0. 478, 2012 every 10 years. D. Loss of ten thousand people The number of cases reported by YLLs/ YLDs was 1. 69: 1. The number of cases reported in this region was obvious in recent two years, the number of deaths was relatively stable, there was no obvious change in the number of cases, and the new report The number of cases reported in the middle-aged and middle-aged age group (15-44 years), but the number of reported cases in the aged over 60 years increased gradually. The number of male case reports was significantly higher in males than in females, and the reported cases of infection were sexually transmitted, among which same-sex sexually transmitted growth was evident; 2. The quality of life of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region is not optimistic and the influencing factors mainly age, marital status and infection route; 3. The burden of male diseases is obviously higher than that of women, and the burden of diseases among young people is the heaviest; 4. Adoption Increasing publicity and testing to reduce the spread and incidence of AIDS, extending the life of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients through the use of anti-retroviral drugs, and
【學位授予單位】：中國疾病預防控制中心
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R512.91
本文編號：2265306
[Abstract]:[Background] The burden of disease is the pressure on social health and economic conditions caused by disease, disability, premature death and so on. Through comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of disease burden, the disease of a certain country and region can be obtained. To provide data support for the Government to formulate policies for the prevention and control of relevant diseases[1. From the beginning of the 1980s, our country's research on the burden of disease has gradually increased, and the subjects studied from AIDS, tuberculosis, influenza and other infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, malignant tumor, etc.[2] For the research on the burden of AIDS, the research on the AIDS burden is mainly carried out by using the parameters provided by the World Health Organization, and few of the parameters of the region are used to carry out the research on the AIDS burden. It is reported that since the first AIDS case in the United States in 1981, more than 30 million people living with HIV and AIDS in the world have been infected by AIDS in 2010, resulting in the burden of disease on the top 1 of the global burden of disease 0-bit[3]. Using the DALY index to analyze the disease burden caused by AIDS is more able to reflect the consequences of AIDS and to society than simply by using the indexes such as morbidity, mortality, disability rate and so on. The impact of the burden to research and develop HIV/ AIDS prevention strategies for the Government and the health administration For direct basis.[Study Purpose and Significance] 1. Demographic Characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS Patients in Jingzhou District 2. Use the DALY index to analyze the disease burden of AIDS in Jingzhou city, and carry out normal development in Jingzhou in the future. Based on the analysis of the epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients and through the analysis of the burden of the disease, it is the government and the health line. Policy decisions will be more direct View specific data support.[Research Contents and Methods] This study includes two parts from the study, part of which is the analysis of the survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region, if that disability weight (D) of the HIV-infected/ AIDS patient in the region is based on the first part of the survival quality study, the HIV/ AIDS patient's disability weight (D) is derived from the first part of the survival quality study, Material, using DA The LY formula gives rise to the AIDS burden in the region.[Results] 1. By 2012, Jingzhou 203 cases of HIV/ AIDS patients with HIV/ AIDS were reported in urban areas, and 41 cases died. The reported cases were in the age of 15-29 and 30-44 years. Of the 203 HIV/ AIDS patients reported, 75 (36. 9%) of the 203 HIV-infected/ AIDS patients reported the same-sex transmission, and the heterosexual transmission 8 6 cases (42. 4%), 28 cases (13. 8%) after intravenous drug transmission. The analysis of survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients showed that the single factor analysis The results showed that the quality scores of the subjects under investigation were statistically different in age, infection route and so on. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, marital status and survival quality score had significant shadow. In response, age is an obstacle to the quality of life, and the smaller the age, the married life is positively related to the quality of life. 3. The results show that the local AIDS disability weight parameters are 0. 478, 2012 every 10 years. D. Loss of ten thousand people The number of cases reported by YLLs/ YLDs was 1. 69: 1. The number of cases reported in this region was obvious in recent two years, the number of deaths was relatively stable, there was no obvious change in the number of cases, and the new report The number of cases reported in the middle-aged and middle-aged age group (15-44 years), but the number of reported cases in the aged over 60 years increased gradually. The number of male case reports was significantly higher in males than in females, and the reported cases of infection were sexually transmitted, among which same-sex sexually transmitted growth was evident; 2. The quality of life of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region is not optimistic and the influencing factors mainly age, marital status and infection route; 3. The burden of male diseases is obviously higher than that of women, and the burden of diseases among young people is the heaviest; 4. Adoption Increasing publicity and testing to reduce the spread and incidence of AIDS, extending the life of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients through the use of anti-retroviral drugs, and
【學位授予單位】：中國疾病預防控制中心
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R512.91
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