本文選題：HIV + 職業(yè)暴露　； 參考：《華南預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)》2016年01期

【摘要】：目的分析珠海市艾滋病病毒(HIV)職業(yè)暴露者的暴露特征,探討預(yù)防方法。方法采用描述性流行病學(xué)方法對(duì)珠海市2003—2014年報(bào)告的所有HIV職業(yè)暴露個(gè)案資料進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果 101例HIV職業(yè)暴露者中,男性49例,女性52例,男女性別比為0.94∶1;年齡中位數(shù)為29歲;暴露者職業(yè)以醫(yī)務(wù)人員最多,共67例,占66.3%,其次為警務(wù)人員26例,占25.7%。暴露發(fā)生的時(shí)段主要是08∶00—11∶59和14∶00—15∶59,共57例,占56.4%;暴露方式以針刺或銳器割傷為主,共61例,占60.4%;暴露級(jí)別以一級(jí)暴露為主,共51例,占50.5%。暴露發(fā)生后,64.4%(65/101)的暴露者對(duì)暴露部位進(jìn)行了正確的應(yīng)急處理,70.3%(71/101)的暴露者實(shí)施了預(yù)防用藥。隨訪至6個(gè)月時(shí)未發(fā)現(xiàn)職業(yè)暴露感染個(gè)案。醫(yī)務(wù)人員接受過(guò)艾滋病安全操作培訓(xùn)的比例(68.7%)高于警務(wù)人員(26.9%)和其他職業(yè)者(25.0%),醫(yī)務(wù)人員在暴露發(fā)生后正確對(duì)暴露部位進(jìn)行緊急處理的比例(73.1%)也高于警務(wù)人員(38.5%),差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P0.01)。結(jié)論醫(yī)務(wù)人員和警務(wù)人員是珠海市HIV職業(yè)暴露的最主要職業(yè)群體,今后應(yīng)對(duì)該人群加強(qiáng)職業(yè)暴露防護(hù)和應(yīng)急處置培訓(xùn),提高相關(guān)職業(yè)人群的自我保護(hù)意識(shí)和應(yīng)急處理技能。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the characteristics of occupational exposure to HIV / AIDS in Zhuhai and to explore the preventive methods. Methods all HIV occupational exposure cases reported in Zhuhai from 2003 to 2014 were statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results there were 49 males and 52 females with male to female ratio of 0.94: 1 and median age of 29 years in 101 cases of HIV occupational exposure. Medical workers were the most exposed, accounting for 66.3%, followed by police officers in 26 cases (25.7%). The main periods of exposure were 0800-11: 59 and 14: 00-15: 59, 57 cases (56.4%), 61 cases (60.4%) with acupuncture or sharp cutting, 51 cases (50.5%) with primary exposure. After exposure, 64.4% and 65% / 101) of the exposed persons carried out correct emergency treatment of the exposed sites and 70.33% of the exposed persons implemented prophylactic medication. No cases of occupational exposure infection were found at 6 months follow-up. The proportion of medical personnel who have received training in AIDS safety operation (68.7%) is higher than that of police personnel (26.9%) and other professionals (25.0%). The proportion of medical personnel who correctly handle the exposed areas after exposure is 73.1%), which is also higher than that of police officers (38.5%). The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). Conclusion Medical staff and police personnel are the most important occupational groups in HIV occupational exposure in Zhuhai. In the future, we should strengthen the training of occupational exposure protection and emergency management, and improve the self-protection consciousness and emergency handling skills of the relevant occupational groups.
【作者單位】： 珠海市疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【分類號(hào)】：R512.91

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