發(fā)布時間：2018-05-26 04:53

  本文選題：流行性腮腺炎 + 流行病學(xué)特征��； 參考：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的了解巢湖市2005年～2011年流行性腮腺炎流行病學(xué)特征和流行性腮腺炎疫苗接種水平，從而評估流行性腮腺炎疫苗的保護效果，探討暴發(fā)的原因，，為控制其流行提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法采用描述流行病學(xué)方法分析巢湖市2005年～2011年的《疾病監(jiān)測信息報告管理系統(tǒng)》流行性腮腺炎病例信息。同時，對參與處理的5所學(xué)校暴發(fā)疫情，采用1：2配對的病例對照方法，以研究流行性腮腺炎疫苗的保護效果。 結(jié)果2005年～2011年巢湖市累計報告流行性腮腺炎2758例，年平均發(fā)病率9.15/10萬,疫情總體呈上升趨勢。5～7月份為發(fā)病高峰，秋冬季節(jié)有不規(guī)律的小高峰。病例主要為在校小學(xué)生，其次是初中生。但10～14歲組兒童發(fā)病率有增加的趨勢。男女性別比為2.30:1,2005年～2011年間性別差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=3.926，P＞0.05)。78.33%的調(diào)查病例是5～14歲的學(xué)齡兒童。75.83%的病例就診于縣級以下醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)，病例發(fā)病后在不同級別的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)就醫(yī)診斷的平均時間有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（Z=49.09，P＜0.01）。32.50%調(diào)查病例采取了醫(yī)院/在家隔離措施，不同隔離方式導(dǎo)致隔離時間的差別有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（t=58.28，P＜0.05）。病例組與對照組均衡性一致（P＞0.05）。以預(yù)防接種證（卡）記錄統(tǒng)計，1劑次疫苗保護效果為61%，95%CI為11%～83%；≥1劑次為69%，95%CI為40%～84%。估計接種率分別為73.41%和82.43%。以包括監(jiān)護人回憶信息統(tǒng)計,1劑次的VE為69%，95%CI為40%～84%；≥1劑次為72%，95%CI為,50%～84%。估計接種率分別為79.22%、84.72%。 結(jié)論較低的疫苗接種率和/或較少的接種劑次是流行性腮腺炎暴發(fā)的主要原因�；鶎俞t(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)的報病意識淡薄是重要原因。應(yīng)制定控制規(guī)劃,加強流行性腮腺炎的免疫與以實驗室為基礎(chǔ)的疾病監(jiān)測工作,嚴格執(zhí)行入托入學(xué)查驗預(yù)防接種證，提高并維持高水平2劑次接種率。同時，增強基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)和學(xué)校的報病意識。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of mumps and the vaccination level of mumps vaccine from 2005 to 2011 in Chaohu city, so as to evaluate the protective effect of mumps vaccine, to explore the causes of the outbreak and to provide scientific basis for the control of mumps epidemic. Methods descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the case information of mumps in Chaohu City from 2005 to 2011. At the same time, in order to study the protective effect of mumps vaccine, the 1:2 matched case-control method was used to study the protective effect of mumps vaccine in 5 schools. Results A total of 2758 cases of mumps were reported from 2005 to 2011 in Chaohu City, with an average annual incidence of 9.15 / 100 000. The epidemic situation showed an upward trend in July and a small irregular peak in autumn and winter. Cases were mainly primary school students, followed by junior high school students. However, the incidence rate of children in 10 ~ 14 years old group has an increasing trend. The sex ratio between male and female was 2.30: 1. There was no significant gender difference between 2005 and 2011 (蠂 ~ 2 / 3.926 P > 0.05 / 78.33%). 75.83% of the investigated cases were children of school age of 5 ~ 14 years old. 75.83% of the cases were in medical and health institutions below the county level. The average time of medical diagnosis in different medical and health institutions was statistically significant (P < 0.01) .32.50% of the investigated cases took hospital / home isolation measures, and the difference of isolation time between different isolation methods was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The equilibrium between the case group and the control group was the same as that in the control group (P > 0.05). According to the record of vaccination card (card), the protective effect of the first dose of vaccine was 61% and 95% CI was 11% 833, and 鈮

本文編號：1936013