本文選題：手足口病 + 流行病學(xué)　； 參考：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的分析安徽省2008～2012年手足口病的流行病學(xué)和病原學(xué)特征，明確手足口病防控的重點(diǎn)地區(qū)和重點(diǎn)人群，為安徽省手足口病的防控提供科學(xué)的決策依據(jù)。 方法利用“中國疾病預(yù)防控制信息系統(tǒng)”，，采用描述流行病學(xué)方法對(duì)安徽省2008~2012年手足口病監(jiān)測(cè)資料和部分患者病原學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，采用熒光定量PCR方法對(duì)部分手足口病病例進(jìn)行腸道病毒核酸檢測(cè)。 結(jié)果安徽省2008~2012年累計(jì)報(bào)告手足口病360873例，年平均發(fā)病率為119.53/10萬，重癥病例1878例，重癥率0.52%，死亡病例79例，病死率21.89/10萬。發(fā)病水平呈逐年上升的趨勢(shì)，發(fā)病高峰集中在4-7月；安徽省淮河以北地區(qū)發(fā)病率高于長江以南地區(qū)，長江以南地區(qū)發(fā)病率高于江淮之間，不同區(qū)域之間發(fā)病率之間有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；男性發(fā)病高于女性，男女發(fā)病率之間有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義，以5歲以下的散居兒童為主；不同的年齡段，重癥率存在差異；病原學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果腸道病毒71型(EV71)所占比例為55.5%，柯薩奇病毒A16型(Cox A16)所占比例為26.6%。 結(jié)論安徽省手足口病流行有明顯的季節(jié)性、地區(qū)性和人群性，呈點(diǎn)多面廣、高度散發(fā)的流行特征。安徽省人口密度高的北方農(nóng)村地區(qū)，3歲以下散居兒童是我們防控的重點(diǎn)人群。引起手足口病普通病例流行的病原體主要為EV71和CoxA16，不同年份間流行優(yōu)勢(shì)株有所差別，2012年EV71和Cox A16所占比例出現(xiàn)明顯下降，重癥病例和死亡病例的流行優(yōu)勢(shì)毒株均為EV71。安徽省流行的EV71毒株VP1基因分型均為C4a亞型，與國內(nèi)其他省份流行的EV71保持著高度的同源性。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Anhui Province from 2008 to 2012, and to identify the key areas and population for the prevention and control of HFMD, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD in Anhui Province.Methods using "China Disease Prevention and Control Information system", the surveillance data of hand, foot and mouth disease in Anhui Province from 2008 to 2012 and the results of etiological surveillance of some patients were statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.The detection of enterovirus nucleic acid in some hand, foot and mouth disease cases was carried out by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results from 2008 to 2012, 360873 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were reported in Anhui province. The average annual incidence was 119.53% / 100 000. 1878 cases of severe cases, 0.522% of severe cases, 79 cases of death, and mortality rate of 21.89% / 100 000 were reported in Anhui Province.The incidence rate in the north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province is higher than that in the south of the Yangtze River, and the incidence rate in the south of the Yangtze River is higher than that in the area between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.The incidence rate of male was higher than that of female, the incidence of male was higher than that of female, and the incidence rate of male was higher than that of female, mainly among the children under 5 years of age, and there were differences in severe disease rate among different age groups.The proportion of enterovirus 71 and Coxsackie virus A16 (Coxsackie virus A16) and Coxsackie virus A16 (Coxsackie virus A16) were 55.5 and 26.6 respectively.Conclusion the prevalence of HFMD in Anhui Province is seasonal, regional and population-oriented.The children under 3 years of age in rural areas with high population density in Anhui Province are the key population for prevention and control.The main pathogens causing HFMD were EV71 and CoxA16, and the proportion of EV71 and Cox A16 decreased significantly in 2012. The dominant strains of EV71 and death cases were both EV71.The VP1 genotypes of the prevalent EV71 strains in Anhui Province were all C4a subtypes, which maintained high homology with EV71 prevalent in other provinces of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R512.5

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