發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-18 20:05

  本文選題：艾滋病　切入點(diǎn)：女性性工作者　出處：《南華大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的 了解臨海市女性性工作者艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)、安全套使用自我效能及安全套使用等情況，并探討其影響因素，開(kāi)展綜合性干預(yù)措施，評(píng)價(jià)干預(yù)效果，為進(jìn)一步調(diào)整針對(duì)該人群的有效干預(yù)模式提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法 將臨海市區(qū)各娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所按高、中、低檔次分層，采用分層抽樣中的按比例抽樣法確定研究場(chǎng)所，抽中的娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所采用方便抽樣法抽取研究對(duì)象，2012年6月份選擇各娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所中女性性工作者在崗人數(shù)最多的時(shí)間段，對(duì)場(chǎng)所內(nèi)所有在崗且未處于工作狀態(tài)的女性性工作者進(jìn)行一對(duì)一調(diào)查，調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)、安全套使用自我效能、安全套使用情況等；基線調(diào)查完成后對(duì)所有場(chǎng)所進(jìn)行為期4個(gè)月的綜合性干預(yù)，并在干預(yù)結(jié)束一個(gè)月之后進(jìn)行干預(yù)后調(diào)查，使用相同問(wèn)卷對(duì)艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)和安全套使用情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查。基線調(diào)查和干預(yù)后調(diào)查分別收回有效問(wèn)卷418份和461份，采用EpiData3.1建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，使用SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 結(jié)果 1.臨海市女性性工作者年齡在25歲及以下的占了55.50%；文化程度初中及以下的占69.38%；未婚者占51.67%；81.82%的人來(lái)自于22個(gè)不同的外�。ㄖ陛犑小⒆灾螀^(qū)）；44.74%的人在本地工作不足6個(gè)月。 2.基線調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示女性性工作者艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉率為77.51%，不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所間知曉率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ~2=14.480，P=0.001），其中低檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所女性性工作者的知曉率最高。以調(diào)查對(duì)象的各項(xiàng)一般人口學(xué)資料、所在場(chǎng)所類型、接受預(yù)防艾滋病服務(wù)情況等作為自變量，艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉情況作為應(yīng)變量，引入logistic回歸模型，結(jié)果預(yù)防艾滋病宣傳、年齡和場(chǎng)所類型等3個(gè)因素進(jìn)入回歸方程。調(diào)查對(duì)象安全套使用自我效能平均的得分為84.83±10.89分，不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所間的得分不全相同（F=19.722，P＜0.001），以低檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所女性性工作者得分為最高，經(jīng)多元逐步回歸分析探討安全套使用自我效能的影響因素，最終進(jìn)入方程的因素有場(chǎng)所類型、艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)得分和同伴教育。女性性工作者最近一次性行為安全套使用率為41.6%，在未使用安全套的調(diào)查對(duì)象中，未使用的首要原因?yàn)樾园椴辉敢馐褂�。�?6.7%的人最近一個(gè)月每次發(fā)生性行為時(shí)均使用安全套，不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所間安全套使用情況差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ~2=78.482，P＜0.001），使用率最高的是低檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所女性性工作者。使用logistic回歸分析探討安全套使用情況的影響因素，結(jié)果安全套使用自我效能、預(yù)防艾滋病宣傳、在本地工作時(shí)間和場(chǎng)所類型等因素進(jìn)入回歸方程。低檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所接受同伴教育的比例要高于中高檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所（χ~2=3.854，P=0.050）。實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示，不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所感染過(guò)梅毒（ELISA陽(yáng)性）的女性性工作者比例不全相同（χ~2=19.621，P＜0.001），但新近感染的人（RPR陽(yáng)性）所占比例在不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所間無(wú)顯著性差異（χ~2=4.413，P=0.110）。 3.干預(yù)后，女性性工作者的艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉率提高到89.15%，干預(yù)前后差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ~2=21.691，P㩳0.001），干預(yù)后不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所間知曉率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ~2=5.600，P=0.061）。最近一個(gè)月發(fā)生性行為時(shí)每次均使用安全套的比例為29.07%，干預(yù)前后差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ~2=18.637，，P＜0.001）。干預(yù)后，不同檔次娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所間安全套使用情況差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ~2=38.724，P＜0.001），高檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所和中檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所的安全套使用情況較干預(yù)前差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（Z=-3.260，P=0.001；Z=-5.164，P＜0.001），而低檔娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所干預(yù)前后的差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（Z=-0.123，P=0.902）。 結(jié)論 1.臨海市女性性工作者艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)認(rèn)知水平參差不齊，安全套使用率低，是感染和傳播性病、艾滋病的高危人群。 2.女性性工作者最近一次發(fā)生性行為時(shí)未使用安全套的首要原因?yàn)樾园椴辉敢馐褂�；安全套使用自我效能水平、預(yù)防艾滋病宣傳、在本地工作時(shí)間和場(chǎng)所類型是最近一個(gè)月安全套使用情況的影響因素。 3.連續(xù)的綜合性干預(yù)措施能有效提高女性性工作者的艾滋病相關(guān)知識(shí)認(rèn)知水平和安全套使用情況。
[Abstract]:objective
Knowledge about AIDS among female sex workers in the city, condom use self-efficacy and condom use situation, and to explore its influencing factors, carry out comprehensive intervention measures, to evaluate the effect of intervention, to provide scientific basis for further adjustment of effective intervention mode in this population.
Method
The urban waterfront entertainment by high, low level of stratification, using stratified sampling in proportional sampling method to determine the location of research, drawn in the entertainment by convenient sampling from the object of study, 2012 June selection of female sex workers in the entertainment places in the largest number of places within the time period, all the post and not in the working state of female sex workers was conducted, including investigation of AIDS related knowledge, condom use self-efficacy, condom use and comprehensive intervention; baseline survey after the completion of all places in 4 months, and at the end of the intervention for the patients after a month of investigation. Using the same questionnaire survey on AIDS related knowledge and condom use. The baseline survey and intervention survey. 418 valid questionnaires and 461 copies, built using EpiData3.1 SPSS13.0 statistics software is used to make statistical analysis of the data.
Result
1., the number of female sex workers aged 25 years old and below accounted for 55.50% of the total sex workers in Linghai City, 69.38% of the educational level and below, 51.67% of the unmarried persons, 81.82% of the 22 different provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), and 44.74% of the local people working for less than 6 months.
2. baseline survey results show that the AIDS related knowledge awareness rate of female sex workers was 77.51%, various places between the awareness rate difference was statistically significant (~2=14.480, P=0.001), low grade entertainment female sex workers in the highest known rate. The general demographic data of the subjects and the location type, accept AIDS prevention service as the independent variables, AIDS related knowledge as the dependent variables, logistic regression model is introduced, the prevention of AIDS, 3 factors of age and place types in the regression equation. The survey of condom use self-efficacy score an average of 84.83 + 10.89, various places between the scores are not all the same (F=19.722, P < 0.001), with low female sex workers in entertainment places for the highest score, by stepwise regression analysis on condom use self Factors affecting the efficiency, there is a place type eventually entered into the equation, AIDS knowledge score and peer education. Female sex workers recently disposable condom use rate was 41.6%, in the survey did not use condoms in the primary cause of unused for sexual partners were reluctant to use condoms. There are 16.7% people recently a month of each sex, the condom use was statistically significant difference between different grades of entertainment (x ~2=78.482, P < 0.001), the highest utilization rate is low entertainment female sex workers. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influence factors of condom use, the condom use self-efficacy, the prevention of AIDS. Enter the regression equation in the local time and place type and other factors. Entertainment venues accept peer education ratio is higher than that in high grade entertainment Entertainment places (x ~2=3.854, P=0.050). The laboratory test results showed that different places syphilis infection (ELISA positive) the proportion of female sex workers are not all the same (x ~2=19.621, P < 0.001), but the newly infected people (RPR positive) the proportion of no significant difference in different grades of entertainment room the difference (~2=4.413, P=0.110).
3. after the intervention, the rate increased to 89.15% of AIDS knowledge among female sex workers, there was a significant difference between before and after intervention (x ~2=21.691, P? 0.001), after the intervention of different places between the awareness rate of the difference was not statistically significant (~2=5.600, P=0.061). Sexual behavior in last month when using condom each time the proportion is 29.07%, there was significant difference between before and after intervention (~2=18.637, P < 0.001). After the intervention, significant differences in the use of condoms at various places between (x ~2=38.724, P < 0.001), high-end entertainment and mid-range entertainment condom use compared with before intervention, there were statistically significant differences (Z=-3.260 P=0.001; Z=-5.164, P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference before and after the intervention of the entertainment venues (Z=-0.123, P=0.902).
conclusion
1. the cognition level of AIDS related knowledge of female sex workers in Linghai city is uneven, and the use rate of condom is low. It is the high risk population of infection and transmission of STD and AIDS.
The primary reason for not using condoms in 2. female sex workers last sexual partners is not willing to use condom use; the level of self-efficacy, the prevention of AIDS, in the local working time and place types are the influence factors of condom use in recent months.
3. continuous comprehensive interventions can effectively improve the cognitive level of AIDS related knowledge and condom use in female sex workers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R512.91

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