本文選題：蚊蟲　切入點：媒介傳染病　出處：《應用昆蟲學報》2015年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：蚊蟲是瘧疾和登革熱等多種疾病的傳播媒介,媒介控制是阻斷蟲媒傳染病的重要措施。當前對媒介的控制主要依賴于化學殺蟲劑,但蚊蟲已對殺蟲劑產(chǎn)生了普遍抗性,加上瘧原蟲等耐藥性問題的出現(xiàn)和抗瘧疫苗的缺乏,急需發(fā)展新的方法和策略用于蚊媒傳染病的防控。蚊子中腸是瘧原蟲等病原體在蚊蟲體內(nèi)發(fā)育的最大屏障,是阻斷疾病傳播的理想靶點�；谵D(zhuǎn)基因蚊的遺傳控制和轉(zhuǎn)基因共生菌的共生控制是降低媒介效能和阻斷疾病傳播的兩個有前景的新策略。遺傳控制是直接以媒介昆蟲作為遺傳操作對象,通過表達抗病效應分子來阻斷疾病的傳播;轉(zhuǎn)基因共生菌防治則是以共生微生物作為遺傳改造的對象,在宿主體內(nèi)表達抗病效應分子以達到阻斷疾病傳播的目的。本文對這些新防治方法的現(xiàn)狀及應用進展進行綜述,并討論遺傳控制和共生控制在蚊媒傳染病防治的實際應用中所面臨的問題。
[Abstract]:Mosquitoes are vectors of malaria and dengue fever, and vector control is an important measure to block insect-borne infectious diseases. At present, vector control mainly depends on chemical insecticides, but mosquitoes have developed universal resistance to insecticides. Coupled with the emergence of drug resistance problems such as malaria parasites and the lack of antimalarial vaccines, there is an urgent need to develop new methods and strategies for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The midgut of mosquitoes is the largest barrier for the development of malaria parasites and other pathogens in mosquitoes. Genetic control based on transgenic mosquitoes and symbiotic control of transgenic symbiotic bacteria are two promising strategies to reduce vector efficiency and block disease transmission. Genetic control is a direct vector. Insects as genetic manipulations, Through the expression of disease resistance effector molecules to block the spread of disease; the control of transgenic symbiotic bacteria is based on symbiotic microbes as the genetic transformation object, In order to block the spread of disease, the present situation and application of these new control methods are reviewed. The problems in the application of genetic control and symbiotic control in the prevention and control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases are discussed.
【作者單位】： 中國科學院大學;中國科學院上海生命科學研究院植物生理生態(tài)研究所;
【基金】：中國科學院戰(zhàn)略性先導科技專項(XDB11010500) 國家自然科學基金(31472044) 上海市浦江人才科研計劃項目(14PJ1410200)
【分類號】：R51;R183

【共引文獻】

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本文編號：1628799