本文關(guān)鍵詞： 免疫規(guī)劃 病毒性甲型肝炎 流行趨勢 防制效果　出處：《現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年15期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的分析宜昌市2001-2015年病毒性甲型肝炎發(fā)病特征及流行趨勢,為本區(qū)域甲肝防治提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法收集全市甲肝疫情資料進(jìn)行三間分布描述,用ELISA法查甲肝抗體陽轉(zhuǎn)率,發(fā)病率比較采用卡方檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果 2001-2015年宜昌市甲肝發(fā)病率總體呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,病例呈現(xiàn)散發(fā),未出現(xiàn)暴發(fā)疫情。發(fā)病率由2001年9.91/10萬降低至2015年2.00/10萬,下降了79.82%。累計報告死亡病例5例,年均死亡率為0.01/10萬。實(shí)施擴(kuò)大免疫規(guī)劃前甲肝年均發(fā)病率(7.11/10萬)高于實(shí)施后發(fā)病率(2.43/10萬)(P0.01)。發(fā)病地區(qū)為市郊農(nóng)村,發(fā)病高峰年齡后移、人群以農(nóng)民為主,無發(fā)病季節(jié)性特征。開展15歲以下兒童甲肝疫苗接種363628人,累計接種率為80.58%。疫苗接種率與發(fā)病率間存在負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05)。結(jié)論宜昌市病毒性甲肝發(fā)病模式已由高地方流行向中低地方流行轉(zhuǎn)變,青壯年農(nóng)民是發(fā)病重點(diǎn)人群,調(diào)整免疫策略增強(qiáng)針對性干預(yù),有效控制本區(qū)域甲肝流行。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic trend and characteristics of the incidence of viral hepatitis A in 2001-2015 years in Yichang City, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis. Regional data collection methods for the epidemic of hepatitis a distribution of three, check hav seroconversion rate by ELISA method, the incidence rate of chi square test to compare the results of 2001-2015 years. The overall incidence of hepatitis A in Yichang City show a downward trend, showing sporadic cases, not the epidemic outbreak. The incidence rate from 2001 to 2015 to reduce 9.91/10 million 2.00/10 million, down 79.82%. reported a total of 5 cases of deaths, the average annual mortality rate was 0.01/10 million. The implementation of EPI before the average annual incidence rate of hepatitis A (7.11/10 million) higher than the incidence rate after implementation (2.43/10 (million) P0.01). The incidence is rural, the peak age of onset after the shift, the crowd to farmers, no incidence of seasonal characteristics. Development of children under the age of 15 hepatitis A vaccination 363628 The cumulative rate of 80.58%. inoculation, vaccination rate has negative correlation with the incidence rate (P0.05). Conclusion the incidence of hepatitis A virus in Yichang mode has been changed from high to low local epidemic endemic disease, young farmers are the focus groups, targeted intervention to enhance immune adjustment strategy, effective control of the epidemic disease.

【作者單位】： 宜昌市疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【基金】：湖北省自然科學(xué)基金課題,乙肝病毒性肝炎家庭中學(xué)齡前兒童免疫效應(yīng)研究(2013CFC128)
【分類號】：R181.3;R512.61
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本文編號：1539331