《V》中人物的存在主義解析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2021-01-09 14:29
托馬斯·品欽是當(dāng)代最有影響力的作家之一。他的小說(shuō)《V》中人物眾多,性格迥異。關(guān)于他們的描寫(xiě),品欽并沒(méi)有像傳統(tǒng)小說(shuō)那樣做是非評(píng)判,而是把他們作為個(gè)人,著重描寫(xiě)了他們的自我存在,作者的目的不是塑造英雄,神話現(xiàn)實(shí),恰恰相反,從他平淡的敘述中我們看出他對(duì)人性的思考以及對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的深省。“我負(fù)有全責(zé)”是薩特責(zé)任觀的高度概括。品欽小說(shuō)中的人物在別人眼里是逃避現(xiàn)實(shí),逃避責(zé)任的,但通過(guò)作者關(guān)于人物細(xì)致的描寫(xiě),尤其關(guān)于斯坦希爾對(duì)V的追尋和‘全病幫’集錢(qián)幫助埃斯特做人流手術(shù)這兩部分的描寫(xiě),他們是有責(zé)任和愛(ài)的。舍棄是人類(lèi)共同的命運(yùn),即上帝的舍棄和他人的舍棄。雖然這造成了人的孤立狀態(tài)但在一定的程度上舍棄又體現(xiàn)了人類(lèi)的自由。自由和責(zé)任是薩特存在主義的核心,自由首先體現(xiàn)在自我存在的自由上。品欽對(duì)小說(shuō)中一系列小人物的塑造使他們?cè)颈瘎〉纳畈⒉槐瘎?因?yàn)橹辽偎麄兪亲杂傻摹3艘酝?品欽所描述外部世界的熵化和狂歡化即薩特所說(shuō)的“自在世界”使人物處于一種被拋棄的狀態(tài)。他所描述的兩個(gè)主要人物一個(gè)選擇了改變,一個(gè)選擇了接受,盡管結(jié)局不盡相同。品欽在小說(shuō)中巧妙的穿插了對(duì)“全病幫”直接的生活描述,使自由得以更充分的體現(xiàn)。焦慮是薩特...
【文章來(lái)源】:遼寧師范大學(xué)遼寧省
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】:47 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
摘要
Abstract
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 An Introduction to Thomas Pynchon
1.2 An introduction to V
1.3 Existentialist Ideas in V
1.3.1 Literary Critiques about V
1.4 Literature Review
1.4.1 The Development of Existentialism
1.4.2 Sartre’s Existentialism
Chapter Two Self Existences are Characters’Target in V
2.1 Background of Postmodernism
2.2 Existence Comes Before Essence
2.2.1 Existence is the Means of Freedom
2.2.2 Freedom is Existence’s Responsibility and Privilege
2.3 Entropy and Carnival of Being in Itself
2.3.1 Being in Itself
2.3.2 Entropic Background of ‘Being in Itself’in V
2.3.3 Carnival of Being in itself
2.4 Nihilism of Being for Itself
2.4.1 Human Reality in Postmodernism
2.4.2 Nihilistic Characters in V
Chapter Three Responsibility and Dignity is Character’s Orientation in V
3.1 Responsibility is man’s privilege and burden
3.1.1 Dignity is the Road to freedom
3.2 Characters’Responsibilities in V
3.2.1 Profane’s Responsibility
3.2.2 Stencil’s Responsibility
Chapter Four Abandonment and Anguish are Character’s Reality in V
4.1 Pynchon’s Anguish about Man in V
4.1.1 The solution to Anguish
4.1.2 Aspects of the Anguish
4.2 Pynchon’s ideas about Abandonment in V
4.2.1 God’s abandonment
4.2.2 World’s abandonment
Chapter Five Conclusion
Works Cited
Acknowledgements
【參考文獻(xiàn)】:
期刊論文
[1]探究后現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)《V.》的敘事軌跡[J]. 孫萬(wàn)軍,嚴(yán)啟剛. 河北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2005(06)
[2]這是一個(gè)怎樣的世界——讀托馬斯·品欽的《V.》[J]. 戴從容. 當(dāng)代外國(guó)文學(xué). 2004(01)
[3]生活的萬(wàn)花筒,歷史的熱寂觀——評(píng)品欽的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《V.》中的憂患意識(shí)[J]. 葉華年. 上海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2003(03)
[4]薩特的人學(xué)觀[J]. 魏金聲. 中國(guó)人民大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào). 1989(06)
本文編號(hào):2966831
【文章來(lái)源】:遼寧師范大學(xué)遼寧省
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】:47 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
摘要
Abstract
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 An Introduction to Thomas Pynchon
1.2 An introduction to V
1.3 Existentialist Ideas in V
1.3.1 Literary Critiques about V
1.4 Literature Review
1.4.1 The Development of Existentialism
1.4.2 Sartre’s Existentialism
Chapter Two Self Existences are Characters’Target in V
2.1 Background of Postmodernism
2.2 Existence Comes Before Essence
2.2.1 Existence is the Means of Freedom
2.2.2 Freedom is Existence’s Responsibility and Privilege
2.3 Entropy and Carnival of Being in Itself
2.3.1 Being in Itself
2.3.2 Entropic Background of ‘Being in Itself’in V
2.3.3 Carnival of Being in itself
2.4 Nihilism of Being for Itself
2.4.1 Human Reality in Postmodernism
2.4.2 Nihilistic Characters in V
Chapter Three Responsibility and Dignity is Character’s Orientation in V
3.1 Responsibility is man’s privilege and burden
3.1.1 Dignity is the Road to freedom
3.2 Characters’Responsibilities in V
3.2.1 Profane’s Responsibility
3.2.2 Stencil’s Responsibility
Chapter Four Abandonment and Anguish are Character’s Reality in V
4.1 Pynchon’s Anguish about Man in V
4.1.1 The solution to Anguish
4.1.2 Aspects of the Anguish
4.2 Pynchon’s ideas about Abandonment in V
4.2.1 God’s abandonment
4.2.2 World’s abandonment
Chapter Five Conclusion
Works Cited
Acknowledgements
【參考文獻(xiàn)】:
期刊論文
[1]探究后現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)《V.》的敘事軌跡[J]. 孫萬(wàn)軍,嚴(yán)啟剛. 河北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2005(06)
[2]這是一個(gè)怎樣的世界——讀托馬斯·品欽的《V.》[J]. 戴從容. 當(dāng)代外國(guó)文學(xué). 2004(01)
[3]生活的萬(wàn)花筒,歷史的熱寂觀——評(píng)品欽的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《V.》中的憂患意識(shí)[J]. 葉華年. 上海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2003(03)
[4]薩特的人學(xué)觀[J]. 魏金聲. 中國(guó)人民大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào). 1989(06)
本文編號(hào):2966831
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