【摘要】：享有世界聲譽的卡爾維諾作為意大利的國寶級作家,無論是在創(chuàng)作實踐還是文學理論上都獲得了一定的成就。他對文學充滿信心,致力于發(fā)現(xiàn)小說藝術(shù)的無限可能性,是“作家中的作家”。他在畢生的創(chuàng)作生涯中結(jié)合前輩留下的經(jīng)典作品、同行創(chuàng)作的啟示和自己的寫作經(jīng)驗來不斷探究未來文學所應該具有的主要價值觀。本文將會在問題意識、透視性觀念的指導下,在細讀文本的基礎上思考研究卡爾維諾的美學觀,以期獲得對小說形式和內(nèi)容上新的理解和探索。 卡爾維諾的美學觀與他所屬的時代背景、成長經(jīng)歷都有著密切的關(guān)系。重視科學研究的家庭氛圍讓他與大自然、科學結(jié)下了不解之緣,符號學、結(jié)構(gòu)主義、解構(gòu)主義等同臺共舞的哲學觀念開闊了卡爾維諾的思考空間,意大利的民間傳說、經(jīng)典的傳統(tǒng)文學作品也給予卡爾維諾不少創(chuàng)作的啟發(fā)。卡爾維諾是以一種游戲精神在時間跨度中走向多元開放,就像是他自己所鐘愛的“結(jié)晶體”一樣。 卡爾維諾的文學理論主要集中在《美國講稿》中,主要對“輕逸”、“速度”、“精確”、“形象鮮明”、“內(nèi)容多樣”等五種文學價值觀進行了獨特的闡釋�！拜p逸”是對沉重的世界的反抗,希望能以一個新的視角來背負現(xiàn)實之輕,承受生命之重；“速度”是能最有效地表達所要敘述的內(nèi)容,讀者可以迅速領(lǐng)悟文意；“精確”是對文學創(chuàng)作中的構(gòu)思、視覺形象、語言方面的嚴格要求,力求無限接近事物的本來面目；“形象鮮明”是文本內(nèi)容的組織要有一個鮮明的形象,注重引發(fā)讀者的想象來豐富文本的內(nèi)涵；“內(nèi)容多樣”是兼容并包的文學,試圖囊括世間一切事物。 卡爾維諾的作品呈現(xiàn)出迷宮風格、具有繁復的開放性,也是一片象征的森林。他探討社會快速發(fā)展進程中面臨的危機,揭示人的精神遇到的分裂與異化,也希望可以在現(xiàn)實的混亂和沉重中尋得“詩意的棲息”。研究卡爾維諾的美學觀,追隨卡爾維諾的心智軌跡,我們得到的不僅是一種文學主張,更多的是對未來文學思考的方向。
[Abstract]:Calvino, who enjoys the world reputation as a national treasure writer in Italy, has made some achievements in both literary practice and literary theory. Full of faith in literature and devoted to discovering the infinite possibilities of novel art, he is a writer among writers. In his life of writing, he continued to explore the main values of future literature by combining the classical works left by his predecessors, the inspiration of his peers' creation and his own writing experience. Under the guidance of problem consciousness and perspective concept, this paper will study Calvino's aesthetic view on the basis of reading the text carefully, in order to get a new understanding and exploration on the form and content of the novel. Calvino's aesthetic view is closely related to his background and growing experience. The family atmosphere of paying attention to scientific research made him inextricably related to nature. The philosophical concepts of semiotics, structuralism, deconstruction, and so on have broadened Calvino's thinking space and Italian folklore. Classic traditional literature also gave Calvino a lot of creative inspiration. Calvino is a spirit of play in the time span towards pluralistic openness, like his own favorite "crystal." Calvino's literary theory is mainly concentrated in American speech, which mainly explains five literary values such as "ease", "speed", "precision", "vivid image" and "diversity of content". "Light and easy" is the resistance to the heavy world, hoping to bear the light of reality and the weight of life in a new perspective, "speed" is the most effective expression of the content to be described, the reader can quickly understand the meaning of the text; "Precision" is the strict requirement of conception, visual image and language in literary creation, striving to be infinitely close to the true appearance of things, "vivid image" is the organization of text content should have a distinct image, Pay attention to the imagination of readers to enrich the connotation of the text, "content diversity" is inclusive literature, trying to cover everything in the world. Calvino's works show labyrinth style, with complex openness, but also a symbolic forest. He explores the crisis in the rapid development of society, reveals the division and alienation of human spirit, and hopes to find "poetic habitat" in the confusion and heavy reality. By studying Calvino's aesthetic view and following Calvino's mental trajectory, we get not only a kind of literary proposition, but also the direction of thinking about the future literature.
【學位授予單位】：海南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：I546.06

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本文編號：2220106