美國黑人的主體性重建：對《寵兒》和《最藍的眼睛》的主題性解讀
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-05 13:35
【摘要】：在1993年托妮.莫里森成為第一個獲得諾貝爾文學獎的黑人女作家。這對于美國黑人文學具有重大的意義。作為當代美國黑人作家的最杰出代表,托妮.莫里森把黑人的語言、民間故事和神話傳說運用到她的小說中,這有利于將黑人文化傳播到世界各地。作為一個有著社會責任感的作家,托妮.莫里森的作品集中展現(xiàn)了美國黑人在美國社會中所遭遇到的各種無形和有形的種族歧視。她的作品不僅揭露了黑人所遭受的苦難,也努力尋找治愈黑人心理創(chuàng)傷的途徑。她的作品賦予黑人民眾以力量,讓他們?nèi)フJ識并面對自己的種族、自己的文化和自己的黑人身份。 自從她的作品出版以來,學者和評論家就表現(xiàn)出極大的熱情,試著以不同的批評理論去評判她的作品。許多評論家都把目光聚焦在導致黑人主體性缺失的外部因素上,而本文則更加強調(diào)導致黑人主體性缺失的內(nèi)部因素,比如說,黑人的自我仇恨,文化缺失和黑人社區(qū)內(nèi)部存在的種族主義。 文章以托妮.莫里森的兩部杰作《寵兒》和《最藍的眼睛》為樣本,分析導致黑人主體性缺失的因素與重建黑人主體性的有效途徑。作為托妮.莫里森最優(yōu)秀的作品,《寵兒》揭露了奴隸制余毒對黑人民眾的戕害。小說清晰地表明重新審視過去是黑人重建主體性不可或缺的途徑。與此同時,托妮.莫里森敏銳地意識到黑人民眾在意識形態(tài)領(lǐng)域所遭受到的文化殖民�！蹲钏{的眼睛》中,黑人小女孩皮克拉的悲劇強烈地譴責了白人文化入侵對黑人民眾心靈的摧殘。小說指出黑人民眾只有扎根于傳統(tǒng)的非洲文化才能找到自己的價值和身份。 論文分為五個部分。第一部分重點介紹了托妮.莫里森在文學上的巨大成就以及國內(nèi)外對她作品的研究現(xiàn)狀。 第二部分展示了《寵兒》和《最藍的眼睛》中黑人在種族壓迫下所遭受的非人虐待和由于文化缺失所導致的黑人的自我仇恨。比如說塞絲以犧牲自己女兒的性命為代價來維護她孩子的人權(quán)；保羅.D將他所有痛苦的記憶埋藏在心中。有些人則對白人文化的入侵選擇了徹底妥協(xié)：比如說皮克拉討厭自己的黑皮膚,渴望擁有一對藍色的眼睛；波琳被白人文化價值洗腦,她把一切都獻給她白人雇主的家,對自己的家庭卻不管不問；查理則把自己的自我仇恨轉(zhuǎn)嫁到更脆弱的弱小者身上。由于長期的種族壓迫,許多美國黑人縱使獲得了自由還是對自己的黑人身份覺得困惑。 第三部分分析導致黑人主體性缺失的原因。白人文化的入侵、父母關(guān)愛的缺失、社區(qū)的冷漠皆是造成黑人主體性缺失的重要因素。 第四部分主要探究了黑人主體性重建的途徑。關(guān)愛自我、構(gòu)建和諧的家庭關(guān)系、依靠傳統(tǒng)的非洲文化皆是美國黑人重構(gòu)主體性的有效方法。此外,為了重建主體性,人們還必須勇敢地走出奴隸制的陰影并加強黑人社區(qū)自身的建設(shè)。 第五部分從總體上總結(jié)了論文。通過對不同人物角色的成功塑造,托妮.莫里森表明了她本人對黑人主體性重建的觀點想法。作為美國黑人文化的一部分,托妮.莫里森的作品已經(jīng)對世界文學產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。
[Abstract]:In 1993, Toni Morrison became the first black woman writer to win the Nobel prize for literature. It was of great significance to American black literature. As the most outstanding representative of contemporary American black writers, Toni Morrison applied black language, folklore and mythology to her novels, which was beneficial to the transmission of black culture. As a writer of social responsibility, as a writer with a sense of social responsibility, Toni Morrison's work focuses on the invisible and tangible racial discrimination encountered by black Americans in American society. Her works not only expose the sufferings of the black people, but also seek ways to cure the blacks' psychological trauma. Empowering the black people to understand and face their own race, their culture and their black identity.
Since her work has been published, scholars and critics have shown great enthusiasm and tried to judge her works with different critical theories. Many critics have focused on the external factors that lead to the loss of black subjectivity, and this article emphasizes the internal factors that lead to the lack of black subjectivity, for example, black. Self hatred, lack of culture and racism within the black community.
This article, taking the two masterpieces of Toni Morrison's masterpieces < beloved > and the blue eyes as the sample, analyzes the factors leading to the lack of black subjectivity and the effective way to reconstruct the black subjectivity. As the best work of Toni Morrison, the beloved, < beloved > exposes the harm of slavery to the black people. The novel clearly shows the reexamination of the past. At the same time, Toni Morrison is acutely aware of the cultural colonization of the black people in the ideological field. < blue eyes >, the black little girl Piquera's tragedy strongly condemns the blight of white culture invasion to the black people. The novel points out the black people. Only by taking root in the traditional African culture can we find our value and identity.
The thesis is divided into five parts. The first part focuses on Toni Morrison's great achievements in literature and the research status of her works at home and abroad.
The second part shows "beloved" and "the bluest eyes", the nonhuman abuse of the blacks under racial oppression and the self hatred of the black people caused by the lack of culture. For example, Seth maintains her child's human rights at the expense of her daughter's life; Paul.D buried all his painful memories in his heart. A thorough compromise on the invasion of white culture: for example, pikaka hates his black skin and desires to have a pair of blue eyes; Boleyn is brainwashed by white cultural values. She dedicates everything to her white employer's home, regardless of her own family; Charlie turns her own hatred to more vulnerable. In the weak, many black Americans are perplexed by their black identity, despite their freedom, because of long-term racial oppression.
The third part analyses the causes of the blacks' lack of subjectivity. The invasion of white culture, the absence of parental care, and the apathy of the community are all important factors that cause the blacks' lack of subjectivity.
The fourth part mainly explores the ways of the reconstruction of the black body. Caring for self, building a harmonious family relationship and relying on the traditional African culture are the effective ways of reconstructing the subjectivity of the black Americans. In addition, in order to rebuild the subjectivity, people must be brave to walk out the shadow of slavery and strengthen the construction of the black community itself.
The fifth part summarizes the thesis in general. Through the successful molding of different characters, Toni Morrison shows her own views on the reconstruction of black subjectivity. As part of the American black culture, Toni Morrison's works have had a profound influence on world literature.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I712.074
本文編號：2165954
[Abstract]:In 1993, Toni Morrison became the first black woman writer to win the Nobel prize for literature. It was of great significance to American black literature. As the most outstanding representative of contemporary American black writers, Toni Morrison applied black language, folklore and mythology to her novels, which was beneficial to the transmission of black culture. As a writer of social responsibility, as a writer with a sense of social responsibility, Toni Morrison's work focuses on the invisible and tangible racial discrimination encountered by black Americans in American society. Her works not only expose the sufferings of the black people, but also seek ways to cure the blacks' psychological trauma. Empowering the black people to understand and face their own race, their culture and their black identity.
Since her work has been published, scholars and critics have shown great enthusiasm and tried to judge her works with different critical theories. Many critics have focused on the external factors that lead to the loss of black subjectivity, and this article emphasizes the internal factors that lead to the lack of black subjectivity, for example, black. Self hatred, lack of culture and racism within the black community.
This article, taking the two masterpieces of Toni Morrison's masterpieces < beloved > and the blue eyes as the sample, analyzes the factors leading to the lack of black subjectivity and the effective way to reconstruct the black subjectivity. As the best work of Toni Morrison, the beloved, < beloved > exposes the harm of slavery to the black people. The novel clearly shows the reexamination of the past. At the same time, Toni Morrison is acutely aware of the cultural colonization of the black people in the ideological field. < blue eyes >, the black little girl Piquera's tragedy strongly condemns the blight of white culture invasion to the black people. The novel points out the black people. Only by taking root in the traditional African culture can we find our value and identity.
The thesis is divided into five parts. The first part focuses on Toni Morrison's great achievements in literature and the research status of her works at home and abroad.
The second part shows "beloved" and "the bluest eyes", the nonhuman abuse of the blacks under racial oppression and the self hatred of the black people caused by the lack of culture. For example, Seth maintains her child's human rights at the expense of her daughter's life; Paul.D buried all his painful memories in his heart. A thorough compromise on the invasion of white culture: for example, pikaka hates his black skin and desires to have a pair of blue eyes; Boleyn is brainwashed by white cultural values. She dedicates everything to her white employer's home, regardless of her own family; Charlie turns her own hatred to more vulnerable. In the weak, many black Americans are perplexed by their black identity, despite their freedom, because of long-term racial oppression.
The third part analyses the causes of the blacks' lack of subjectivity. The invasion of white culture, the absence of parental care, and the apathy of the community are all important factors that cause the blacks' lack of subjectivity.
The fourth part mainly explores the ways of the reconstruction of the black body. Caring for self, building a harmonious family relationship and relying on the traditional African culture are the effective ways of reconstructing the subjectivity of the black Americans. In addition, in order to rebuild the subjectivity, people must be brave to walk out the shadow of slavery and strengthen the construction of the black community itself.
The fifth part summarizes the thesis in general. Through the successful molding of different characters, Toni Morrison shows her own views on the reconstruction of black subjectivity. As part of the American black culture, Toni Morrison's works have had a profound influence on world literature.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I712.074
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，本文編號：2165954
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