【摘要】：關(guān)于海明威的研究，歷來(lái)都是國(guó)內(nèi)外評(píng)論家關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)，人們大多數(shù)將視角集中于海明威的“迷惘的一代”、“硬漢子”形象、“冰山理論”等方面，也有從存在主義，象征主義角度研究的，但是對(duì)于海明威短篇小說(shuō)中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)人物——尼克·亞當(dāng)斯的關(guān)注并不多見，尤其對(duì)于這一形象的系統(tǒng)梳理和深入研究，還有待于進(jìn)一步的挖掘。 本文力圖對(duì)散落在海明威短篇小說(shuō)中的尼克形象進(jìn)行整理，按尼克成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)歷，對(duì)這些文章進(jìn)行重新編排，其中包括海明威在三個(gè)短篇小說(shuō)集《在我們的時(shí)代》、《沒(méi)有女人的男人》和《勝者一無(wú)所得》中已經(jīng)發(fā)表的篇目和一些生前沒(méi)有發(fā)表的篇目進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的梳理，主要通過(guò)文本細(xì)讀的方式，力求系統(tǒng)而全面的展現(xiàn)尼克這一形象從童年到青年再到壯年的成長(zhǎng)歷程，通過(guò)對(duì)尼克成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的經(jīng)歷的變化，分析其心理的變化，展示他獨(dú)特的性格及這種性格形成的關(guān)鍵因素。 另外，在對(duì)尼克形象進(jìn)行梳理后，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)，尼克這一形象的經(jīng)歷和性格特征符合海明威本人的某些獨(dú)特的經(jīng)歷和性格，一方面，說(shuō)明尼克這一形象對(duì)于海明威本人來(lái)說(shuō)的自傳性，另一方面，對(duì)比海明威后期著名的幾部中長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)，發(fā)現(xiàn)，尼克形象在后來(lái)的人物身上都有所體現(xiàn)，可見這一形象在海明威創(chuàng)作中的重要性。 尼克形象的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程鮮活的體現(xiàn)了那個(gè)年代“尼克式”的人物的集體特征，同時(shí)也包含了海明威筆下人物形象的基本特征，即傳統(tǒng)意義上所說(shuō)的“迷惘”性和“硬漢”精神。海明威在尼克身上較為系統(tǒng)的呈現(xiàn)了他作品中人物形象典型特征的呈現(xiàn)過(guò)程，尼克成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷，心靈歷練的種種變化，既是作家本人的變化，也是作家筆下諸多人物形象的變化。所以尼克形象在海明威作品中的原始性、基礎(chǔ)性和集中性是毋庸置疑的。尼克的“迷惘”情緒的呈現(xiàn)典型體現(xiàn)了海明威本人包括后期作品中展現(xiàn)的“迷惘”情緒的呈現(xiàn)與超越，，對(duì)尼克所呈現(xiàn)的“硬漢”精神的研究也是海明威筆下“硬漢”精神的重要基礎(chǔ)。尼克的“硬漢”精神作為一種性格特征，其身上所展現(xiàn)的“原始性”和對(duì)原始的回歸傾向是海明威作品中“硬漢”人物的一個(gè)不容忽視的重要方面。 綜上所述，尼克這一形象在海明威的整個(gè)人生創(chuàng)作過(guò)程中發(fā)揮著無(wú)可替代的重要作用，他是海明威后期塑造的重要成功人物的基礎(chǔ)，他是海明威筆下所有人物的靈魂。
[Abstract]:The study of Hemingway has always been the focus of domestic and foreign critics. Most people focus on Hemingway's "lost Generation", "hard Man" image, "iceberg theory" and so on, and also from existentialism. Symbolism is studied, but the attention of Nick Adams, a character in Hemingway's short story, is rare, especially for the systematic combing and further study of this image. This paper tries to sort out the image of Nick scattered in Hemingway's short stories and rearrange these articles according to Nick's growing up experience. These include Hemingway's published articles in three collections of short stories, "in our time", "Men without Women" and "winners with nothing", and some of the articles that were not published in their lifetime. Mainly through the way of careful reading of the text, we try to show the image of Nick from childhood to youth and then to the mature age, and analyze the changes of his psychology through the change of his experience in the process of growing up. Demonstrate his unique character and the key factors in its formation. In addition, after combing the image of Nick, the author finds that the experience and character characteristics of Nick's image accord with Hemingway's own unique experience and personality, on the one hand, It shows that the image of Nick is autobiographical for Hemingway himself. On the other hand, comparing several famous novels in Hemingway's later period, we find that the image of Nick is reflected in the later characters. We can see the importance of this image in Hemingway's creation. The growing process of Nick's image reflects the collective characteristics of the "Nick" characters of that period, and also includes the basic features of Hemingway's characters, that is, the "perplexity" and the "tough man" spirit in the traditional sense. Hemingway systematically presents the process of presenting typical characters in his works. Nick's growing up experience and various changes in his mind are not only the changes of the writer himself, but also the changes of many characters in his works. Therefore, the image of Nick in Hemingway's works of originality, foundation and centrality is beyond doubt. The presentation of Nick's "lost" emotion is typical of Hemingway's appearance and transcendence of the "lost" emotion in his later works. The study of the spirit of "tough man" presented by Nick is also the important basis of Hemingway's spirit of "tough man". As a kind of character, Nick's "tough man" spirit shows "originality" and his tendency to return to the original, which is an important aspect of the character of "tough man" in Hemingway's works. To sum up, the image of Nick plays an irreplaceable important role in Hemingway's entire life creation process. He is the foundation of Hemingway's later important successful characters, and he is the soul of all the characters in Hemingway's works.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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