【摘要】：2001年諾貝爾文學獎得主維·蘇·奈保爾是一位來自西印度群島特立尼達的印裔移民作家，與印度、特立尼達、英國乃至歐洲等多國文化息息相關(guān)，他是一個文學世界的漂流者。奈保爾的作品主要表現(xiàn)殖民宗主國對第三世界，尤其是非洲國家的控制和破壞，以及異質(zhì)文化間的沖突和融合。其代表作《河灣》是一部關(guān)于非洲的充滿悲觀情緒的小說,凸現(xiàn)了一個古老大陸在本土化與普遍化之間的艱難處境。在小說《河灣》中作者揭示了第三世界的動蕩與落后以及非洲人民的無奈與迷茫這一主題。 本論文以熱奈特的敘事學理論為依據(jù)來研究奈保爾小說《河灣》中的敘事時間。與現(xiàn)代批評理論緊密相連,敘事時間理論在西方文學批評界中扮演著越來越重要的角色。作為敘事學的代表人物，在對文學文本進行分析時，熱奈特獨辟蹊徑，對敘事的深層進行剖析和研究，以挖掘文本的深層特質(zhì)。其中，他的敘事學理論對文學文本的敘事時間特征做了大量研究，專門提出了一套敘事時間概念，抓住文本敘事時間特征，分析時序、時距、頻率，探討敘事節(jié)奏。作為現(xiàn)代主義的代表作家之一，奈保爾在《河灣》中打破了傳統(tǒng)的線性敘述模式，展示了一套體現(xiàn)時空的新系統(tǒng)。時間是一部小說的關(guān)鍵部分，在小說中有著舉足輕重的作用。敘事時間不僅僅可以影響故事的發(fā)展過程，限定一部小說的起點、高潮和結(jié)尾，而且敘事時間的合理布局更是文本的一大閃光點。奈保爾試圖讓讀者在時空的變化交替中理解他的作品。因此，本文從敘事時間著手分析，以此來探討奈保爾是如何通過這些敘事技巧來揭示其主題的。 論文共分五大部分。 第一部分是對奈保爾及其小說《河灣》的簡單介紹。第二部分回顧了過去五十多年中外評論家對奈保爾以及《河灣》的評論。從而闡明了本篇論文的選題意義。第三部分主要介紹本篇論文所運用的理論。首先簡單介紹了敘事學的概念，然后介紹了熱奈特的敘事時間理論。 第四部分是論文的主體部分。首先是對文本的非線性敘事時間進行探討。預(yù)敘和倒敘穿插于過去、現(xiàn)在、未來的敘述當中，，這種非線性的時序既能真實再現(xiàn)個人的內(nèi)心思想，又把個人的心路歷程滲透于過去、現(xiàn)在、未來的敘事中。其次，分析文本的敘事時距。省略、停頓、概要、場景的巧妙安排使小說在節(jié)奏上張弛有度，而且將小說的主旨表達得淋漓盡致。最后，是對敘事頻率的解讀。單一敘事、重復(fù)敘事和反復(fù)敘事的靈活使用使故事的場面更顯清晰，從而更深刻地感受小說所蘊含的主題意義。奈保爾所采用的獨特的敘事方式不僅有助于對小說人物與主題的理解，而且在小說的建構(gòu)中始終保持著自己對于第三世界尤其非洲及其人民的態(tài)度，從而帶給讀者無限的思考與感悟。 第五部分是基于以上分析的結(jié)論。論文通過以上分析得出了小說《河灣》的主題——第三世界的動蕩與落后與非洲人民的迷茫和無奈。奈保爾的文字一直深入“黑暗世界”的內(nèi)部，通過對時序、時距、頻率的分析與解讀,讀者無法回避他提出的問題：第三世界的落后和衰敗，除了昔日西方的殖民掠奪之外，是否還有其自身的原因？這些區(qū)域現(xiàn)今的自我殖民狀態(tài)，究竟應(yīng)該由誰來負責？
[Abstract]:Vee Sue Naipaul, the winner of the 2001 Nobel prize for literature, is a Indian immigrant writer from Trinidad of the West Indies. It is closely related to many cultures such as India, Trinidad, Britain and even Europe. He is a drifter in a literary world. Naipaul's works are mainly the colonies of the colonies of the third world, especially the African countries. The control and destruction of the family, as well as the conflict and integration between different cultures. His masterpiece, the river is a novel of pessimism about Africa, highlights the difficult situation between the localization and universality of an ancient continent. In the novel < River > the author reveals the turbulence and backwardness of the third world and the helplessness of the African people. And the subject of confusion.
This paper studies the narrative time in Naipaul's novel < River Bay > based on the narrative theory of Genet. It is closely connected with the theory of modern criticism. The theory of narrative time plays a more and more important role in the western literary criticism. As a representative of the narratology, he has a unique approach to the analysis of literary texts. The deep characteristics of the narrative are analyzed and studied in order to excavate the deep characteristics of the text. Among them, his narrative theory has done a lot of research on the narrative time characteristics of the literary text, and puts forward a set of narrative time concepts, seize the time characteristics of the text narrative, analyze the timing, time distance, frequency, and discuss the narrative rhythm as the representative of modernism. Naipaul, one of the writers, has broken the traditional linear narrative mode in the river, showing a new system of time and space. Time is the key part of a novel. It plays an important role in the novel. The narrative time can not only affect the development process of the story, limit the starting point, the climax and the end of a novel, but also describe the narrative time. The rational layout of the time is a great flash point in the text. Naipaul tries to make readers understand his works in the alternation of time and space. Therefore, this article begins with the analysis of the narrative time to explore how Naipaul reveals his theme through these narrative techniques.
The paper is divided into five parts.
The first part is a brief introduction to Naipaul and his novels, "River Bay >". The second part reviews the comments on Naipaul and the river bay by Chinese and foreign critics in the past fifty years. Thus, the significance of this thesis is clarified. The third part mainly introduces the theory used in this paper. The first, the concept of narratology is briefly introduced, and then the concept of narratology is briefly introduced. The narrative time theory of Genet is introduced.
The fourth part is the main part of the paper. First, the nonlinear narrative time of the text is discussed. Pre narration and flashback are interspersed in the past, now, and in the future, this nonlinear time series can not only reproduce the inner thoughts of the individual, but also infiltrate the personal experience in the past, the present, the future narration, and the analysis of the future. The narrative distance of the text. Omission, pause, summary, and the ingenious arrangement of the scene make the novel relax in rhythm, and express the theme of the novel incisively and vividly. Finally, it is the interpretation of the frequency of the narrative. The single narrative, the repeated narrative and the flexible use of repeated narration make the scene more clear and thus more deeply feel the novel. The unique theme of Naipaul's narrative means not only helps to understand the characters and themes of the novel, but also maintains his attitude towards the third world, especially Africa and its people in the construction of the novel, thus giving readers unlimited thinking and understanding.
The fifth part is based on the conclusion of the above analysis. Through the above analysis, the theme of the novel < Hewan >: the turbulence and backwardness of the third world and the confusion and helplessness of the African people. Naipaul's writing has been deep inside the dark world, and the readers can not avoid him through the analysis and interpretation of the time series, time distance and frequency. The problem of the third world is the backwardness and decline of the world, in addition to the former western colonial plunder, is there any reason for itself? Who should be responsible for the present state of self colonization in these regions?
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I767.074

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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