本文選題：斯蒂芬·克萊恩 + 瑪吉　； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國自然主義先驅(qū)斯蒂芬·克萊恩是十九世紀(jì)后半期一位才華橫溢富有創(chuàng)造力的作家。他專注于創(chuàng)作鍍金時(shí)代下最普通民眾,尤其是社會(huì)底層人民的真實(shí)的精神和物質(zhì)生活,意圖通過筆下的人物展示出一個(gè)真正的鍍金時(shí)代。他對(duì)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的先驅(qū)性貢獻(xiàn)被高度認(rèn)可,曾被�？思{稱為文學(xué)的父親。作為他的第一部小說,同時(shí)也是美國第一部自然主義小說,《街頭女郎瑪吉》的文學(xué)價(jià)值日漸浮現(xiàn),同時(shí)也受到了越來越多的研究關(guān)注。 作為一部貧民窟小說,《街頭女郎瑪吉》描述了瑪吉的悲慘故事�，敿谝粋�(gè)極度貧苦和冷漠的家庭中,長大后和一酒吧招待員私奔,被拋棄后別無選擇只能自殺。而瑪吉的悲劇早已被傳統(tǒng),時(shí)代和自身的身份所決定。 基于以往對(duì)作品的自然主義特征的研究,本論文將以傳統(tǒng)歷史主義和女性主義為理論背景,通過分析瑪吉這個(gè)人物角色,尤其是她作為女性的身份來全面探討造成她死亡悲劇的原因。本論文包括三大部分,引言,論文主體和結(jié)論。論文主體部分先分析鍍金時(shí)代的精神裂縫以及瑪吉的精神危機(jī)。一方面,瑪吉必須嚴(yán)格遵守傳統(tǒng)的道德要求。另一方面,鍍金時(shí)代下新的道德理念又允許著瑪吉做任何事情。然而,瑪吉最后被兩個(gè)陣營都拋棄了,成為了這個(gè)精神裂縫的受害者。論文第二章討論瑪吉美國夢(mèng)的幻滅。在精神上,瑪吉夢(mèng)想著她能被人關(guān)懷和寵愛。在物質(zhì)上,她渴望更好的生活。然而在鍍金時(shí)代這樣一個(gè)大背景下,這些夢(mèng)想終是泡沫。論文最后一部分探討瑪吉作為一個(gè)他者的女性身份。從瑪吉的出生開始,他者的身份就深深的刻印在她的身上。她的一生也是不斷追尋自己身份的過程,而追尋的結(jié)果終究是她只是男性的附屬品。 通過瑪吉的死,斯蒂芬·克萊恩揭露了鍍金時(shí)代下女性的群體悲劇。同時(shí),通過瑪吉的悲劇,克萊恩試圖去喚醒人們對(duì)這個(gè)弱勢群體的關(guān)注以及采取必要的措施。
[Abstract]:Stephen Klein, a pioneer of American naturalism, was a brilliant and creative writer in the second half of the nineteenth century. He focuses on the creation of the real spiritual and material life of the most ordinary people, especially the people at the bottom of the society, in order to show a true gilded age through the characters in his writings. His pioneering contributions to modern literature are highly recognized and Faulkner once called him the father of literature. As his first novel, and also the first naturalistic novel in America, the literary value of Margie the Street Girl has emerged day by day, and has been paid more and more attention to. As a slum novel, Margie, a street girl, describes Maggie's tragic story. After growing up running off with a bartender in an extremely poor and indifferent family, Maggie had no choice but to commit suicide. Maggie's tragedy has long been determined by tradition, time and identity. Based on the previous studies on the naturalistic characteristics of the works, this thesis will take the traditional historicism and feminism as the theoretical background, through the analysis of the role of Maggie. In particular, her status as a woman to fully explore the causes of her death tragedy. This thesis includes three parts, introduction, subject and conclusion. The main part of the thesis first analyzes the spiritual cracks in the gilded age and Maggie's spiritual crisis. On the one hand, Maggie must strictly abide by traditional moral requirements. On the other hand, the new moral ideas of the gilded age allowed Maggie to do anything. However, Maggie was abandoned by both camps and became the victim of this mental rift. Chapter two discusses the disillusionment of Maggie's American dream. In spirit, Maggie dreamed of being cared for and loved. Materially, she longed for a better life. But against such a backdrop as the gilded age, these dreams are bubbles. In the last part of the thesis, we discuss Maggie's female identity as a "other". Since Maggie's birth, his identity has been deeply engraved on her. Her whole life was also a process of searching for her identity, and the result was that she was just a man's appendage. Through Maggie's death, Stephen Klein exposed the mass tragedy of women in the gilded age. At the same time, through Maggie's tragedy, Klein tries to arouse the attention of this vulnerable group and take necessary measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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