本文選題：弗吉尼亞.伍爾夫 + 雙性同體��； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：哈珀·李是美國(guó)當(dāng)代女作家，因上個(gè)世紀(jì)六十年代出版的小說《殺死一只知更鳥》而著稱。自這部小說出版以來曾先后被翻譯成多種語(yǔ)言，并受到世界范圍內(nèi)廣大讀者的歡迎與喜愛。小說里的故事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)30年代美國(guó)南方的一個(gè)南方小鎮(zhèn)。通過主人公司各特的敘述，小說抨擊了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)中存在的種族歧視、社會(huì)等級(jí)，人性的罪惡面等問題，但同時(shí)也讓讀者相信人性中仍存有美德與公正。 本論文試圖從雙性同體的角度解讀《殺死一只知更鳥》這部小說。通過分析，旨在突出小說中充分體現(xiàn)了對(duì)雙性和諧人格的追求。并且通過采用雙性同體這一分析手法賦予了這部小說新的閱讀視角和重大的女性主義意義。 “雙性同體”是一個(gè)很古老的術(shù)語(yǔ)，最早出現(xiàn)在希臘神話了。這一思想起源于古羅馬，后來各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都對(duì)其進(jìn)行過探索。在最開始的時(shí)候，雙性同體的意思是指男女兩種性別的結(jié)合。是弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫把這一術(shù)語(yǔ)運(yùn)用到了文學(xué)批判中，并且在她的作品《一個(gè)人的屋子》中第一次給出了規(guī)范性的定義。 論文從小說中選取不同的人物來分別論證闡明”單性缺失態(tài)”、”雙性同體雛形欠調(diào)和態(tài)”和”雙性和諧態(tài)”這三種流變模式的狀態(tài)。通過對(duì)這三種狀態(tài)的論述，，從不同的角度闡釋了哈珀·李作品中所蘊(yùn)含的”雙性和諧”、”雙性同體”思想，從而得出結(jié)論：”雙性和諧”式的模式是哈珀.李小說世界，以及現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的理想人格模式。 本文包括三大部分，即：簡(jiǎn)介、三個(gè)章節(jié)的正文以及結(jié)論。在簡(jiǎn)介部分中主要涉及了三方面的內(nèi)容：對(duì)哈珀·李生平及其作品作以簡(jiǎn)要概述；對(duì)小說的中外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了回顧與總結(jié)；對(duì)與本論文相關(guān)的理論、觀點(diǎn)，尤其是對(duì)”雙性同體”這一觀念進(jìn)行闡述、整理，以便為正文中的文本分析做理論支撐。 在正文的第一章，把小說中的艾維斯父女歸于單性缺失態(tài)的典型代表來體現(xiàn)單性的極端狀態(tài)。他們的生命以悲劇的形式結(jié)束。然而，正是這種單性生活的遺憾與缺失從側(cè)面更有力地印證了追求”雙性和諧”的深刻意義所在。 第二章提出哈珀·李在小說中對(duì)亞瑟進(jìn)行了雙性同體式的人物刻畫。然而，盡管亞瑟具有雙性同體的潛質(zhì)，但女性特質(zhì)與男性特質(zhì)在他身上并沒有體現(xiàn)出和諧發(fā)展、和諧共處的理想狀態(tài)。他仍處于雙性同體的雛形狀態(tài)，為此他也付出了慘重的代價(jià)。由此可知，此階段的雙性同體也并非理想的人格模式。要想達(dá)到理想的雙性同體狀態(tài)仍需邁出關(guān)鍵的一步。 論文的第三章闡述論證了司各特和她的父親阿提克是哈珀·李小說世界中雙性和諧式人物的理想代表。在這兩個(gè)人身上，雙性氣質(zhì)得以和諧共存。既然雙性和諧是最理想的狀態(tài)，此部分還對(duì)其在文學(xué)世界和現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)的重要意義進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的闡述。 最后，即在論文的結(jié)論部分，對(duì)以上的三種狀態(tài)進(jìn)行總結(jié)，從而進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)本文論點(diǎn)：雙性和諧式的人格模式是哈珀·李小說的最終目的與追求。
[Abstract]:Harper Lee , a contemporary American writer , has been known for its publication in the 1960s . It has been translated into a variety of languages since its publication , and has been welcomed and loved by a wide range of readers throughout the world . The story has taken place in a southern town in the south of the United States in the 1930s . The novel attacked the problems of racial discrimination , social rank , and humanity in the society at the time , but also let readers believe that there are virtues and justice in the human nature .

This thesis attempts to interpret the novel from the perspective of dual - sex peers , which aims to highlight the pursuit of dual - sex harmonious personality in the novel , and gives the novel reading perspective and major feminist significance through the analysis of dual - sex peers .

" Double Homology " is a very old term beginning to appear in Greek mythology . This idea originated in ancient Rome , which later explored it . At the very beginning , the double identity refers to the combination of the two sexes of both sexes . It is Virginia Wood ' s use of the term in literary criticism and , for the first time , a normative definition in her works .

In this paper , different characters are selected from the novel to demonstrate the state of the three kinds of rheological models , such as " single missing state " , " dual - character " and " double - sex harmonious state " .

This paper consists of three parts , namely , introduction , the text of the three chapters and the conclusion . In the introduction part , it mainly deals with three aspects : the brief overview of Harper Lee Sheng - ping and his works ;
The present situation of Chinese and foreign research on the novel is reviewed and summarized .
In this paper , the theory and viewpoint related to this thesis , especially the concept of " double - sex peers " , are expounded and collated in order to provide theoretical support for the text analysis in the text .

In the first chapter of the text , the typical representative of the Alves ' parents in the novel is attributed to the singular extreme state . Their lives ended in the form of tragedy . However , it is the regret and the absence of this kind of life , which proves the profound significance of pursuing the " double harmony " from the side .

In the second chapter , the author proposes Harper Lee ' s portrayal of Arthur in the novel . However , although Arthur has the latent qualities of the double - sex peers , the feminine traits and the male traits do not reflect the harmonious development and the ideal state of harmonious coexistence .

In the third chapter , the thesis expounds that Atike , the father of Scott and her father , is the ideal representative of the two - sex harmonious characters in Harper Lee ' s novel world . In these two people , the dual temperament is harmonious coexistence . Since the two - sex harmony is the most ideal state , this part also makes a brief exposition of its important significance in the literary world and the real society .

Finally , in the conclusion part of the thesis , the author summarizes the above three states , and further emphasizes the thesis that the dual personality model is the ultimate aim and pursuit of Harper Lee ' s novel .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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