本文選題：19世紀(jì)法國 + 吉普賽形象��； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：吉普賽民族，是一個(gè)交織著浪漫與傳奇、苦難與智慧的民族，他們坐在大篷車上浪跡天涯，，有著自成一體的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，是現(xiàn)代文明社會(huì)的局外人。這樣一個(gè)民族，在文學(xué)世界中得到了作家們的喜愛，在19世紀(jì)流派眾多、名家大師層出不窮的法國，無論是浪漫主義名匠雨果，還是著名的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說家梅里美，以及波德萊爾根據(jù)同名畫創(chuàng)作的詩歌《波希米亞人》，他們描繪的吉普賽人物形象栩栩如生、深入人心。 本文首先介紹了吉普賽民族的流浪的歷史，并分析了國內(nèi)外對(duì)于文學(xué)作品中吉普賽形象的研究現(xiàn)狀，通過分析19世紀(jì)法國文學(xué)中愛斯梅拉達(dá)、卡門等形象來闡釋四個(gè)特點(diǎn)：她們美麗的外表令人驚嘆；一生的命運(yùn)多與愛情牽連；并且不遵循傳統(tǒng)道德觀念；熱愛自由，向往自由。由于法國文學(xué)與政治的緊密聯(lián)系，19世紀(jì)法國動(dòng)蕩的政局，社會(huì)階級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)重組，使作家們處于“政治夾縫”之中，承擔(dān)了更多的時(shí)代與政治的責(zé)任，當(dāng)時(shí)的法國隨著物質(zhì)的豐富、階級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)變，思想也出現(xiàn)變革，加之傳統(tǒng)法國文學(xué)的影響以及作家獨(dú)有的民族特性，使法國作家創(chuàng)作出的吉普賽形象命運(yùn)更加跌宕，人物更具有感染力。 在對(duì)作品人物的分析中，我們還應(yīng)注意到文學(xué)作品中的吉普賽形象和真實(shí)吉普賽人的異同點(diǎn)，相同之處是都具有種族意識(shí)和宿命意識(shí)，都從內(nèi)心深入熱愛自己的種族，都擅長占卜，具有神秘色彩；不同之處是純凈意識(shí)和貞潔意識(shí)，實(shí)際的吉普賽人愛干凈，重視貞操，文學(xué)作品中吉普賽人卻被刻畫的骯臟邋遢，多情放蕩。這是作家們?yōu)楸磉_(dá)內(nèi)心的思想與感受，宣泄他們的情感，不約而同的選擇通過剖析其他民族人物形象、描寫遠(yuǎn)離日常的異國生活來抒發(fā)，他們將真實(shí)的吉普賽人形象經(jīng)過藝術(shù)加工之后，使創(chuàng)作出來的形象成為作家自我言說的一種表征，是作家自我內(nèi)心的投射。
[Abstract]:The Gypsy people, a nation of romance and legend, suffering and wisdom, roam the world in a caravan, with its own customs and customs, and is an outsider of modern civilization. Such a nation has been loved by writers in the literary world. In France, in the 19th century, there were numerous genres and masters, whether it was the famous romantic craftsman Hugo or the famous realist novelist Merimee. And Baudelaire's poem, Bohemian, based on a painting of the same name, depicts Gypsy characters lifelike and popular. This paper first introduces the history of the vagrancy of the Gypsy nation, and analyzes the present situation of the research on the Gypsy image in the literary works at home and abroad, through the analysis of Esmeralda in the French literature of the 19th century. Carmen and so on explain four characteristics: their beautiful appearance is amazing; the fate of their life is involved in love; and they do not follow the traditional moral concept; they love freedom and yearn for freedom. Because of the close connection between French literature and politics and the turbulent political situation in France in the 19th century, the reorganization of social class structure made the writers in the "political gap" and assumed more responsibility of the times and politics. At that time, France was enriched with material. The change of class, the change of thought, the influence of traditional French literature and the unique national characteristics of the writer make the fate of Gypsy created by French writers more volatile and the characters more infectious. In the analysis of the characters in the works, we should also pay attention to the similarities and differences between the Gypsy images in literary works and the real Gypsies. The similarities and differences are that they both have a sense of race and a sense of destiny, and they both deeply love their own race from the heart. They are good at divination, mysterious; the difference is pure consciousness and virginity consciousness, the actual Gypsies love cleanliness, attach importance to chastity, but in literature Gypsies are portrayed as dirty, affectionate and debauchery. In order to express their inner thoughts and feelings and to express their feelings, writers chose to express their feelings by analyzing the images of other national figures and describing alien lives far from their daily lives. After processing the real Gypsy image, they make the created image become a representation of the writer's self-talk and the projection of the writer's inner self.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I565.06

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