本文選題：赫伯特·喬治·威爾斯　切入點(diǎn)：《托諾-邦蓋》　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：赫伯特·喬治·威爾斯是愛德華時(shí)期最杰出的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說家之一。出版于1909年的《托諾-邦蓋》通常被認(rèn)為是他最優(yōu)秀的一部社會(huì)小說。該作品通過講述假藥“托諾-邦蓋”的興衰，刻畫了19世紀(jì)后期新興資產(chǎn)階級奢靡的物質(zhì)生活和貧瘠的精神生活狀態(tài)，展現(xiàn)了英國資本主義商品經(jīng)濟(jì)下物欲橫流的時(shí)代特征。近年來，《托諾-邦蓋》逐漸受到國內(nèi)批評界的關(guān)注，但鮮有人從人物的社會(huì)角色方面對其進(jìn)行研究。 結(jié)構(gòu)角色理論是角色理論的流派之一。它認(rèn)為，“角色”的含義包括社會(huì)對角色行為模式的期待和規(guī)定，即角色期待和角色規(guī)范。由于社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展和變革，人們在角色扮演的過程中會(huì)遇到各種障礙和問題，因而引發(fā)角色失范�！笆Х丁币辉~由法國社會(huì)學(xué)家涂爾干提出，意指與道德規(guī)范不一致的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,破碎的社會(huì)價(jià)值體系使得約束個(gè)人行為的道德規(guī)范逐漸松弛，人們在角色扮演的過程中出現(xiàn)了與角色期待和角色規(guī)范不一致的行為，并最終導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)角色的失范。將角色理論和失范概念相結(jié)合來解讀文學(xué)作品《托諾-邦蓋》，可以更加透徹地剖析小說中不同人物角色的行為與英國社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期歷史語境的互動(dòng)關(guān)系。 本文以失范為關(guān)鍵詞，把小說中三位不同人物所代表的三種社會(huì)角色作為研究對象，探析了處在世紀(jì)之交的知識分子、家庭婦女和商人的失范行為，進(jìn)而勾勒出當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)狀況。在對前人的研究成果進(jìn)行了梳理并簡要地介紹了理論背景后，正文首先分析了知識分子對自身社會(huì)責(zé)任的背棄。喬治原本充滿理想與抱負(fù)，卻最終妥協(xié)于金錢至上的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。知識沒能幫助他改造自身與社會(huì)，反而演變成為他牟取私利的工具。其次探討了家庭婦女婚姻價(jià)值觀的扭曲。瑪麗恩把物質(zhì)條件作為選擇婚姻對象的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在承擔(dān)“妻子”角色時(shí)，她缺乏家庭責(zé)任感。家庭不再是慰藉心靈的情感港灣，而是承載瑪麗恩無盡虛榮的驛站。最后闡述了商人對商業(yè)道德的無視。藥店老板愛德華被金錢蒙蔽了雙眼，，他忽略商人理應(yīng)遵守的商業(yè)道德規(guī)范，通過坑蒙拐騙和投機(jī)取巧成就他的商業(yè)帝國。他身上所反映的商業(yè)道德折射出了當(dāng)時(shí)整個(gè)社會(huì)的道德狀況。結(jié)論部分闡明，《托諾-邦蓋》中由人物形象體現(xiàn)的社會(huì)角色失范和當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)之間存在道德倫理與物質(zhì)利益的關(guān)系。通過解析此種關(guān)系，小說不僅表達(dá)了威爾斯對轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期擔(dān)任特定角色的中下層人士的精神困境、道德危機(jī)的深刻反思，更揭示了道德規(guī)范對個(gè)人和社會(huì)發(fā)展的深遠(yuǎn)影響。
[Abstract]:Herbert George Wells is one of the most prominent realistic novelists of the Edward era. Published in 1909, Tono-Bongo is generally considered to be his best social novel. It is written by telling the story of counterfeit medicine. The rise and fall of Tono Bongo, Depicting the extravagant material life and barren state of spiritual life of the emerging bourgeoisie in the late 19th century, In recent years, Tono-Bongo has gradually attracted the attention of the domestic critics, but few people have studied the characters from their social roles. The theory of structural role is one of the schools of role theory. It holds that the meaning of "role" includes the expectation and regulation of the behavior pattern of the role, that is, the expectation of the role and the regulation of the role. People will encounter various obstacles and problems in the process of role-playing, thus causing the role to be out of the norm. The term "anomie" was put forward by the French sociologist Durkheim, which means a social phenomenon inconsistent with moral norms. In the period of social transformation, The broken social value system makes the moral code of restricting individual behavior relax gradually, and people appear the behavior which is inconsistent with the role expectation and the role norm in the process of role-playing. Finally, it led to the anomie of social role. Combining the theory of role with the concept of anomie to interpret the literary works "Tono-Bongo", we can more thoroughly analyze the behavior of the different characters in the novel and the transformation of the British society. The interaction of historical context. Based on the study of the three kinds of social roles represented by three different characters in the novel, this paper analyzes the abnormal behavior of intellectuals, housewives and businessmen at the turn of the century. After combing the previous research results and briefly introducing the theoretical background, the text first analyzes the intellectuals' rejection of their own social responsibility. George was originally full of ideals and aspirations. But finally compromise to the social reality of money supreme. Knowledge failed to help him to transform himself and society, It turned out to be a tool for his personal gain. Secondly, it discusses the distortion of the marital values of housewives. Marion regards material conditions as the only criterion for choosing the object of marriage. In the role of "wife", Marion takes on the role of "wife". She lacked a sense of family responsibility. The family was no longer an emotional haven to comfort the soul, but a stage for Marion's endless vanity. Finally, she explained the businessman's disregard for business ethics. Edward, the drugstore owner, was blinded by money. He ignored the business ethics that businessmen were supposed to follow, His business empire was achieved by deception and opportunism. The business morality reflected in him reflected the moral state of the whole society at that time. The conclusion part states that the society embodied by the characters in Tono-Bongo. There is a relationship between moral ethics and material interests between the anomie of the role and the social reality of the time. The novel not only expresses Wells' spiritual predicament and moral crisis in the transition period, but also reveals the profound influence of moral norms on personal and social development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I561.074

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 丁劍;;當(dāng)代女性婚姻價(jià)值觀的嬗變[J];長春工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2009年03期

2 劉賽雄;;論威爾斯《托諾·邦蓋》中的符號消費(fèi)[J];齊齊哈爾大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年06期

本文編號：1691002