本文選題：井上廈　切入點：國家觀　出處：《吉林大學》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：井上廈（1934年—2010年）是日本當代文壇的巨擘之一，在日本可謂家喻戶曉的劇作家、小說家。他創(chuàng)作出大量具有相當影響力的小說和戲劇作品，多次獲得谷崎潤一郎獎、菊池寬獎、直木獎，并因業(yè)績突出而獲得日本文化功勞勛章。 然而，井上廈的價值不僅僅在于文學成就本身，其作品、思想乃至行動，涉及到了當代日本的美學、文化、社會、政治、經濟、生活等各個層面，以至于今天凡談到日本當代文學與社會、文化、政治思想的關系時，幾乎都避不開井上廈這個名字。就是說，井上研究在當代日本研究中具有相當重要的意義和價值。也正因如此，本論才揀了這樣一塊硬骨頭啃，目的是要通過一己之力，為井上研究、當代日本研究做一點有益的工作。 那么，，貫穿井上文學的主線是什么？細讀作品就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，井上文學中貫穿的這條主線就是井上廈獨特的國家觀�？梢哉f，正是井上廈對國家、特別是對日本這個國家的清醒認識，才催生出了井上獨特的文學。因此，通過對井上文學的系統(tǒng)的把握，凸現(xiàn)其國家觀的特征，并挖掘其產生的主要根源，正是本論的出發(fā)點。 本論文共分七章。 序章對日本、中國的先行研究進行總結、概括，并在此基礎上，提出本論的問題意識和研究方法。 第一章以井上廈的戲劇作品《上海月亮》為中心，通過其中的反對體制的“非國民”形象，考察井上廈對國家戰(zhàn)爭體制下的“國家”與“國民”的思考，以及對“非國民”的褒揚；《上海月亮》可以說是反體制人物形象的集大成之作，這些反體制的人物形象中，既有較為溫婉的抵抗體制者，也有較為強硬的反對體制者，更有利用體制的反對體制者，盡管他們性格各異，但有一個共同的特征，就是對強硬的國家體制有著清醒的認識，并在思想上和行動上，保持同體制的距離和批判態(tài)度，都是地地道道的“非國民”。井上廈正是通過塑造這些生動的“非國民”形象，表達了自己對國家的獨特認識——國家體制并非完全值得信賴，每個國民都要在強大的國家機器面前，保持獨立的個性，敢于對體制說“不”。 第二章以井上廈的戲劇作品《組曲虐殺》為中心，考察井上筆下的小林多喜二這個“非國民”形象即對天皇國家體制的揭露與批判�！督M曲虐殺》以晚年的小林為題材，通過小林對苦難童年的回憶，和他與特警、家人的對白，體現(xiàn)出了小林對國家的理解、對戰(zhàn)爭的理解、對暴力的理解。井上筆下的小林，是一位真的猛士——他“敢于直面慘淡的人生，敢于正視淋漓的鮮血”。他的筆像一把鋒利的匕首，直刺日本軍國主義社會的最黑暗的一面，他的筆又像一盞燈，給黑暗中的窮苦人們以光明。他的苦難經歷使他有了對日本社會更為理性地判斷與識別能力。他反對暴力，哪怕是正義的暴力。他對于弱勢群體給予人道主義的關懷，對于家人由于他的行為而受到的牽連而憂郁、苦悶、感傷。然而，他面對體制中的強權時，卻聲色俱厲，義正詞嚴。特別是他對天皇制國家體制的批判，更是切中要害，成為時代的絕響。惟其如此，這部作品才能夠成為井上廈的頂峰之作。 第三章以《吉里吉里人》為中心，通過其中的擁戴體制的“國民”形象，考察井上廈對經濟高速增長體制內的“國家”和“國民”的關系的認識，以及對這種“國民性”的批判。戰(zhàn)后國家與國民的關系問題，一直是日本社會的一個重要問題。怎樣建立一個國民國家，井上通過作品《吉里吉里人》提出了自己的設想。這部作品的意義不僅在于井上廈關于“理想國家”的種種描述，更重要的是，井上廈通過對經濟高速增長體制下出現(xiàn)的種種弊端的揭露，和對一些體制受益者（如某些喪心病狂的開業(yè)醫(yī)和農民暴發(fā)戶）的揶揄，以及“吉里吉里人”面對體制的高壓所表現(xiàn)出的勇敢和自信的褒揚，表達了他的國家觀：批判現(xiàn)行體制中的不合理部分，永遠是國民自身的責任。 第四章以《閃爍星座》為中心，通過反抗國家體制的種種悲慘結局，考察井上文學中體現(xiàn)的國家觀的核心和對國家體制的揭露與批判；井上在這部作品的結尾通過作品中的人物竹田的口向讀者傳遞了這樣一句話——地球是宇宙的奇跡，人類是地球的奇跡。這種宇宙、地球、人類三位一體的大宇宙觀，超越了當時日本當局鼓吹的大日本帝國觀，將反對戰(zhàn)爭的主題升華到了天人合一、人類和諧的層面。這種大宇宙觀其實也體現(xiàn)了井上廈對國家的認識：國家體制不應該凌駕于人類、地球、宇宙之上，成為毀滅地球、毀滅人類的劊子手，而是應該成為保護地球家園、繼續(xù)開創(chuàng)人類奇跡的助推器。惟其如此，《閃爍星座》的標題才有了重要的現(xiàn)實意味和意義。 第五章通過對井上廈所處的時代及其家世、經歷、創(chuàng)作歷程等的綜合分析，考察井上廈的國家觀產生的根源及其表現(xiàn)手法。 終章在概括以上幾章內容的基礎上，對井上文學中的國家觀進行結論性總結。
[Abstract]:Wells Xiamen (1934 - 2010) is one of the giant Japanese novelist in the contemporary literary world, Japan is known to every family playwright. He created a number of influential fiction and drama, has won the award the Kikuchi Hiroshi prize, Yazaki Junichi Lang, Naoki prize for outstanding achievement, and won the Japanese cultural Merit Medal.
However, wells Xiamen is valuable not only for literary achievement itself, its work, thought and action, related to the contemporary Japanese aesthetics, culture, society, politics, economy, life and other aspects, so that today all talk about Japan's contemporary literature and social relations, culture, political thought, almost all can not avoid well Xiamen this name. That is to say, Inoue of important significance and value in contemporary studies in Japan. Because of this, the only pick up such a piece of hard bone to chew, the purpose is to through their own efforts, to study well, contemporary Japanese studies do a little useful work.
Then, through the well literary masterstroke is what? Reading works will be found through literature well on this line is well Xiamen unique view of the state. It can be said that it is well Xiamen to the country, especially the clear understanding of the Japanese in this country, it spawned a unique literary wells. Therefore, the system of literature well grasp of the characteristics of the concept of state, highlights, and mining the causes, is the starting point of this theory.
This paper is divided into seven chapters.
Introduction to Japan, summed up the first Chinese research summary, and on this basis, put forward the question consciousness and the research methods of this theory.
In the first chapter of wells Xiamen drama "Shanghai moon" as the center, through which the opposition system of "non national image, study well on Xiamen on national war under the system of" state "and" national ", and the" non national praise ";" Shanghai can be said to be the moon master of anti system characters of the system, these characters, both gentle and resistance system, also has a strong opposition system, use more system against the system, although they are different in character, but there is a common feature, is to have a clear understanding of the strong national system, and in thinking and actions, to keep the body distance and critical attitude system, is a real "non nationals." wells Xiamen is shaped by these vivid "non national image, to express their unique national recognition Knowledge - the state system is not completely trustworthy. Every nation should be in front of a powerful national machine, maintain an independent personality, and dare to say "no" to the system.
In the second chapter wells drama suite < Xiamen > murder as the center, inspection wells under the pen of Takiji Kobayashi this "non national" image of the emperor in the state system of revelation and criticism. In his suite - > Kobayashi as the theme, by Kobayashi of suffering memories of childhood, and his family and the police, the dialogue reflects the understanding of Lin country, the understanding of war, on the understanding of violence. Kobayashi wells under the pen, is a real warrior, "he dare to face the bleak life, dare to face dripping blood." his pen like a sharp knife, pierce the dark side the Japanese militarism of the society, his pen like a lamp, the light in the dark to poor people. His sufferings that he have on Japanese society more rational judgment and recognition ability. He opposed violence, even violence. He is justice for the weak Potential groups give humanitarian concern for the family due to his behavior implicated in depression, depressed, sad. However, his face in the power system, but the call loudly. Especially his criticism of the Mikado System in the state system, is to become the era of art. As such, the Department of work can become well on the pinnacle of Xiamen.
In the third chapter "giri giri > as the center, through which the support system of" national image ", the relationship between inspection wells of Xiamen high-speed economic growth within the system of the" state "and" citizens ", and the criticism of the" national character ". The relationship between the state and national war that is an important problem in Japanese society. How to build a national country, well through the works of < giri giri > put forward their own ideas. It works well on a variety of Xiamen significance not only lies in the description of the" ideal state ", more importantly, wells by Xiamen the drawbacks of the rapid economic growth under the system of the disclosure, and some of the system (such as some unscrupulous beneficiaries of practitioners and farmers upstart) teasing, and" brave and confident compliment giri giri "in the face of the high pressure system shown in the table. It has reached his view of the country: it is always the responsibility of the nation to criticize the unreasonable part of the current system.
In the fourth chapter "flashing sign > as the center, through a variety of tragic consequences against the state system, the core of literature embodied in the national inspection wells and the concept of the state system of revelation and criticism; wells at the end of this work through the works of the characters in the Zhutian mouth to pass such a word - earth is the miracle of the universe to the reader, mankind is a miracle of the earth. The universe, the earth, the universe and human three-in-one view, beyond the time the Japanese authorities advocated the Japanese Empire, will oppose war theme sublimation to the harmony between man and nature, human and harmonic level. This cosmic view in fact reflects the wells on the understanding of the Xiamen state: the state system should not override the human, the earth, the universe, is to destroy the earth, the destruction of human executioner, but should be the protection of the earth homes, to create a human booster miracle. But In this way, the title of the "scintillation constellation" has an important realistic meaning and significance.
In the fifth chapter, we analyze the origin and the way of expression of well Shang Xia's national view through the comprehensive analysis of the era and family experience, the creation process and so on.
On the basis of summarizing the contents of the above chapters, the final chapter makes a concluding summary of the view of the state in the literature of well on the well.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I313.06

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 孫嫣;試論井上廈“夢之三部曲”中的戰(zhàn)爭反省[D];廈門大學;2014年

本文編號：1629733