本文選題：戴維?洛奇　切入點(diǎn)：《換位》　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：戴維?洛奇(1935-)是英國(guó)當(dāng)代著名的小說(shuō)家和文學(xué)批評(píng)家。作為其校園三部曲之首的《換位》,獲得了霍桑登文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和約克郡郵報(bào)最佳小說(shuō)獎(jiǎng)。本文作者在認(rèn)真研讀文本的基礎(chǔ)上,以文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)方法為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)這部小說(shuō)中的倫理道德現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行“批評(píng)性閱讀”,探討小說(shuō)中關(guān)于人性的倫理內(nèi)涵以及作家的倫理道德思想和觀念,從而揭示這部作品的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)是一種從倫理的立場(chǎng)解讀、分析和闡釋文學(xué)作品,研究作家以及與文學(xué)有關(guān)問(wèn)題的研究方法。這種研究方法認(rèn)為文學(xué)是特定歷史階段倫理觀念和道德生活的獨(dú)特表達(dá)形式,文學(xué)在本質(zhì)上是倫理的藝術(shù)。運(yùn)用文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)方法對(duì)小說(shuō)《換位》進(jìn)行解讀是一種新的嘗試。首先,小說(shuō)中的兩位男主人公背棄了自己作為教授和學(xué)術(shù)精英的身份和責(zé)任,學(xué)術(shù)研究成為他們追名逐利的工具,導(dǎo)致了他們倫理身份的迷失。其次,兩位男主人公違背了人類的倫理道德禁忌。小說(shuō)中表現(xiàn)的不正常的家庭倫理關(guān)系,雙方夫妻關(guān)系的“換位”、父母子女關(guān)系的扭曲以及婚外情嚴(yán)重破壞了人類文明標(biāo)志的家庭倫理規(guī)范。然而,當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)環(huán)境的劇變顛覆了傳統(tǒng)的倫理道德規(guī)范,人類在自由意志和倫理秩序之間進(jìn)退兩難,倫理選擇成為痛苦的抉擇。在小說(shuō)中表現(xiàn)為人際關(guān)系的冷漠與疏離,高等教育制度的虛偽和腐敗以及性解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的泛濫。人類在漫長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)發(fā)展中形成的寶貴的倫理道德體系面臨解體的危機(jī),這將導(dǎo)致人類社會(huì)的倒退。戴維?洛奇在小說(shuō)《換位》中對(duì)以培養(yǎng)社會(huì)精英著稱的大學(xué)校園里出現(xiàn)的倫理危機(jī)展開文學(xué)敘述,表現(xiàn)出作家對(duì)西方社會(huì)普遍存在的精神危機(jī)的關(guān)注和思考。這樣的研究可以為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展起警示和反思作用,告誡人們不要為了私欲迷失人性,應(yīng)積極找尋出路走出困境。
[Abstract]:David? Rocky is a famous contemporary British novelist and literary critic. As the head of his campus trilogy, he won the Hawthorne Prize for Literature and the Yorkshire Post Award for Best Fiction. Based on the method of literary ethics criticism, this paper makes a critical reading of the ethical and moral phenomena in this novel, and probes into the ethical connotation of human nature in the novel, as well as the writer's ethical and moral thoughts and ideas. In order to reveal the social practical significance of this work, literary ethics criticism is a kind of interpretation, analysis and interpretation of literary works from an ethical standpoint. The method of studying writers and problems related to literature, which holds that literature is a unique form of expression of ethical ideas and moral life at a particular stage of history, Literature is essentially the art of ethics. It is a new attempt to interpret the novel "transposition" by means of literary ethics criticism. First of all, the two protagonists in the novel abandon their status and responsibilities as professors and academic elites. Academic research has become a tool for them to pursue fame and gain, which leads to the loss of their ethical identity. Secondly, the two protagonists violate the ethical taboos of human beings. The "transposition" of the relationship between husband and wife, the distortion of the relationship between parents and children, and extramarital affairs have seriously undermined the family ethical norms that symbolize human civilization. However, the dramatic changes in the social environment at that time overturned the traditional ethical norms. Human beings are in a dilemma between free will and ethical order. Ethical choice becomes a painful choice. The hypocrisy and corruption of the higher education system and the proliferation of the sexual liberation movement. The precious ethical and moral system formed by mankind in the long social development is facing the crisis of disintegration, which will lead to the retrogression of the human society. In the novel "transposition", Rocky begins a literary account of the ethical crisis on the campus, which is famous for cultivating the social elite. This kind of research can serve as a warning and reflection for the development of modern society and warn people not to lose their humanity for the sake of selfish desire and to find a way out of the predicament.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：I561.074

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