本文關(guān)鍵詞：超自然女性：一個隱喻　出處：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超自然女性 規(guī)訓(xùn) 情色 超自然空間

【摘要】：本論文以《怪誕集會與其他故事：1800-1850美國通俗小說中的超自然女性》為文本依托,采用文本細(xì)讀的方法,從這些故事對女性的規(guī)訓(xùn)、對男性的取悅以及對超自然的建構(gòu)這三個方面著手,分析小說與歷史的互動。這部故事集出版于1979年,編者是羅納德·柯倫,他在這本書中收集了1800至1850年間美國報紙、雜志、年刊等刊物上發(fā)表的有關(guān)女巫、仙女、水仙等其他超自然女性的故事。 十九世紀(jì)上半葉的美國處于工業(yè)時代的發(fā)軔階段。獨立戰(zhàn)爭后民主制度的建立、個人主義的崛起、向西部的大規(guī)模擴張、早起工業(yè)資本主義的發(fā)展和工業(yè)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步給美國人的生活帶來巨大改變。大眾面對這種改變所產(chǎn)生的欲望與恐懼被時代的通俗小說捕捉。小說的作者在作品中投下了時代的陰影,女性在作品中被父權(quán)社會規(guī)訓(xùn),她們的肉體也被消費并用來取悅男性。同時這些作者也通過對小說中超自然空間的建構(gòu)給了同時代人一個調(diào)解自身困境的機會。 首先是對女性的設(shè)定這一部分,這一部分主要分析故事集中小說是如何在具體層面上以或直接或微妙的方式對女性進(jìn)行規(guī)訓(xùn)的。這些故事勾勒出一個得體女性應(yīng)該有的樣貌。故事中浸透著道德的或說教的成分,比如企圖破壞青年男女愛情的女巫被驅(qū)逐,充滿性誘惑的仙女得不到真正的愛情,不安分守己野心勃勃的女人最終會意識到幸福還是歸于家庭歸于相夫教子。這些聽上去像是陳詞濫調(diào)的說教卻恰恰反映了父權(quán)社會的焦慮和它出于自身利益需要對女性的期待與設(shè)定。十九世紀(jì)上半葉的美國正處于工業(yè)時代的初期,面對社會與個人生活的劇變,男性或大眾內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生的不安和焦慮都被投射到了作為他者的女性身上,在這本故事集中,就反映在了對超自然女性的刻畫上。 其次是對男性的取悅這一部分。在這些故事表面的道德正確下面是微妙的情色描寫,這主要是針對占主流的男性讀者。它的微妙在于它不是赤裸裸的描寫情色場面,而是著力于女性的感官吸引力,對其進(jìn)行細(xì)致入微的描寫,這樣的極致感官享受會久久縈繞于讀者腦中。如果結(jié)合當(dāng)時比較嚴(yán)苛的性意識形態(tài)以及男性長久的窺視欲望,這種微妙的情色描寫可以看作對壓抑欲望的釋放以及對父權(quán)社會情色敘事要求的滿足。同時,超自然女性以她的感官吸引力誘使主人公沉浸在對奢靡生活的幻想中。當(dāng)幻想破滅,小說想要傳達(dá)的道德訓(xùn)誡得以深化。 最后是對超自然空間的建構(gòu),這一部分側(cè)重自然與文明的沖突。在這些故事中,作者們建構(gòu)了一個超然的、純粹的、魔幻的空間,在這樣一個空間里面?zhèn)�人內(nèi)心深處的欲望與恐懼得到了證實和放大。這是一個純粹的、絕對的空間,是因為這里沒有世俗的、政治的紛擾,像是從地底冒出的一個空間,彌漫著神話／童話故事的氛圍,這對個人來說是一個極好的避難所�，F(xiàn)實是19世紀(jì)前半期隨著工業(yè)和科技的發(fā)展,人對自然擁有了越來越多的權(quán)力,那為何還要逃避到一個人聽命于自然魔力的空間里去呢?這種回到自然與人本來的秩序中,或許是面對工業(yè)時代騷動的現(xiàn)實,人們的一種集體性的保守反映。但是個人并不是從此在這里幸福地生活下去,隨著故事的推進(jìn),個人還是會被推到現(xiàn)實面前,面對自己的困境。可以說,這個純粹的空間一方面隱喻了工業(yè)時代大眾的保守、曖昧態(tài)度,另一方面也給大眾提供了一個協(xié)調(diào)欲望與恐懼的機會。
[Abstract]:In this paper "and other stories: rally weird supernatural women > 1800-1850 American popular novels in the text based on the text reading method, from the story of female to male discipline, to please the supernatural and the construction of the three aspects of the analysis, said small interaction and history. In this story set published in 1979, the editor is Ronald Coren, he collected 1800 to 1850 American newspapers, magazines in this book, the witch, published annual publications such as the fairy, Narcissus and other supernatural stories of women.
The first half of nineteenth Century in the United States at the beginning of the industrial age. The establishment of a democratic system after the war of independence, the rise of individualism, to the large-scale expansion of the western development of the early industrial capitalism and the development of industrial technology has brought great change to American life. Desire and fear in the face of this mass change of the era is popular the author of the novel. The novel captured under the shadow of the times in the works of the CIC, women by the patriarchal social discipline in the works, their bodies also consumed and used to please men. At the same time the author also gave contemporaries a mediation of their plight through the construction of the novel super natural space opportunities.
Is the first set of women in this part, this part mainly analyzes the story focused on how the novel in the specific level to direct or subtle ways to discipline women. These stories outline a decent appearance. Women should have the story with a moral or didactic component, such as the attempt to destroy young men and women love the witch expelled, full of temptation fairy is not true love, no woman will remain in a proper sphere overweeningly ambitious to realize happiness or to the family to mothers. These sounds like Chen Cilan's sermons have reflected the patriarchal social anxiety and it for their own interests and look forward to the need for women set. The first half of the nineteenth Century the United States is in the beginning of the industrial era, in the face of social and personal life upheaval, male or inner restlessness and focal masses The concern was projected to the other woman, which was reflected in the portrayal of supernatural women.
The second is to please the men in this part. In these stories on the surface of the moral right here is a subtle erotic description, this is mainly for the mainstream male readers. It is that it is not the naked description of subtle erotic scenes, but rather focus on women's sensory appeal, nuanced description of it, this extreme the senses in the haunting readers'mind. If combined with the more stringent of the ideology and the male long peeping desire, this subtle erotic description can be seen as the release of repressed desires and the father right society to meet the requirements of the erotic narration. At the same time, women in the extravagant life of supernatural fantasy to her senses to appeal the hero was. When they are gone, the novel to convey the moral admonition to be deepened.
The last is the construction of the supernatural space, this part focuses on the nature and civilization conflict. In these stories, the authors construct a transcendent, pure, magical space, in fear and desire such a space inside a person's mind has been confirmed and put. It is a pure the absolute space, because this is not a secular, political upheaval, like a space out of the ground, filled with Myth / fairy tale atmosphere, this is an excellent refuge for individuals. The reality is that the first half of nineteenth Century, with the development of industry and technology, people with the increasing power of nature, then why do we have to escape to a person under natural magic space to return to nature and people? The original order, perhaps is the face of the industrial era a reality, the people of a collective conservative But man is not reflected. From here live happily, as the story progresses, the individual will be pushed to the front of the reality, face their own difficulties. It can be said that the pure space metaphor industrial era of mass conservative, ambiguous attitude, on the other hand, but also to provide a coordinated desire and fear of the opportunity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：I712.074

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1 張玉鳳;超自然女性：一個隱喻[D];北京外國語大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號：1403173