本文關(guān)鍵詞：安部公房早期小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作中“獸”的困境研究　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 安部公房 獸 共同體 早期小說(shuō)

【摘要】：安部公房的文學(xué)作品當(dāng)中，貫穿著對(duì)戰(zhàn)后日本人生存方式的探索．作家本人的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程充滿曲折，生活長(zhǎng)期無(wú)法安定下來(lái)，精神世界充滿著困頓與迷茫。這使得其文學(xué)作品中出現(xiàn)的眾多人物和角色始終處于焦躁、不安定的狀況之中，但另一方面，也造就了安部文學(xué)手法的多變性，使他不拘泥于同一種文學(xué)表現(xiàn)方式，不斷尋求變化，逐步形成自己獨(dú)特而成熟的文學(xué)類型。思想上和寫作手法上都達(dá)到一定的高度與水準(zhǔn)的《砂女》的問世，標(biāo)志著安部在文學(xué)上的成熟，而在此之前，安部在文學(xué)創(chuàng)作上經(jīng)歷了一系列的成長(zhǎng)和變化過(guò)程，為了探尋這一過(guò)程的實(shí)際狀況與作用機(jī)制，我們可以從“獸”的視點(diǎn)出發(fā)進(jìn)行探討。關(guān)于安部文學(xué)創(chuàng)作手法變遷方面的研究，有的從殖民地體驗(yàn)的角度，有的從“逃亡者”行為模式的角度進(jìn)行了探討。還有學(xué)者就安部公房文學(xué)中對(duì)共同體的批判進(jìn)行了研究．本論文從“獸”這個(gè)視角出發(fā)，通過(guò)探究安部公房初期小說(shuō)中的“獸”的困境和安部對(duì)“獸”的命運(yùn)軌跡的安排，揭示出安部公房在文學(xué)手法和思想上的狀態(tài)的變化，進(jìn)一步分析其逐漸臻至成熟的變化軌跡。在安部的早期小說(shuō)當(dāng)中，多次出現(xiàn)“獸”的意象，表面上看來(lái)，“獸”是一種比喻手法，，但安部公房給“獸”灌輸了更多的含義，把“獸”作為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中不斷被異化、不斷逃離現(xiàn)實(shí)的生存狀態(tài)的模版。而他的初期小說(shuō)當(dāng)中那些有著不同遭遇的主人公，可以看做是“獸”在不同故事框架內(nèi)的現(xiàn)身。先行研究當(dāng)中，關(guān)于安部公房文學(xué)中“獸”意象的研究，多集中于從超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義變形手法的角度，對(duì)變形為“獸”之后的生存狀態(tài)進(jìn)行剖析。本論文的研究重點(diǎn)是，通過(guò)對(duì)安部公房的初期小說(shuō)中“獸”所面臨的困境進(jìn)行剖析，探討安部公房在描繪“獸”的困境之時(shí)所使用的文學(xué)手法以及思想上的狀態(tài)，進(jìn)而揭示出作家不斷成長(zhǎng)不斷走向成熟的過(guò)程。本論文在闡述“獸”的困境時(shí)，將之與“共同體”結(jié)合起來(lái)討論，采取資料研究與文本分析的方法，最后進(jìn)行歸納，得出結(jié)論。本論文擬從兩個(gè)方面對(duì)“獸”的困境進(jìn)行探討，一是當(dāng)“獸”位于“共同體”之內(nèi)時(shí)，另一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是“獸”從“共同體”逃脫之時(shí)。這兩個(gè)方向分別對(duì)應(yīng)著安部公房文學(xué)手法的變遷與思想意識(shí)方面的變化。本文第一章為序論部分，主要介紹安部公房的生平、本文論點(diǎn)、研究背景、研究目的和方法等；第二章對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞“獸”、“共同體”進(jìn)行解釋，闡述從“獸”的視點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究的可行性，為后面的論述作鋪墊；第三章探討的是當(dāng)“獸”處于“共同體”當(dāng)中時(shí)所面臨的困境。第三章主要分為三個(gè)層次進(jìn)行探討，首先在處女作階段，安部主要受西方文學(xué)與哲學(xué)尤其是存在主義的影響，在寫法上突破傳統(tǒng)小說(shuō)禁錮，采用大量獨(dú)白和心理活動(dòng)描寫，給人一種彷徨無(wú)助的虛無(wú)感；其次在作品集《墻》的階段，安部公房接受花田清輝前衛(wèi)藝術(shù)的理論，在寫作手法上有了新的突破。他采用將主人公變形的方式來(lái)揭露主人公的異化，同時(shí)對(duì)“共同體”的理解也更加深入。為了闡述“獸”在“共同體”當(dāng)中的困境，安部特別提出，“共同體”為了對(duì)“獸”進(jìn)行統(tǒng)治和管理，將名字、頭銜等一些用于對(duì)個(gè)體進(jìn)行標(biāo)識(shí)的社會(huì)性符號(hào)附加在原本自由的“獸”的身上，并且只看重這些原本只是附屬品的符號(hào)，一旦“獸”失去了這些，其存在便失去了“共同體”的認(rèn)可，進(jìn)而受到“共同體”的懲罰．最后在《砂女》階段，安部重新面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，構(gòu)建出一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)當(dāng)中的村落共同體，讓“獸”與“共同體”進(jìn)行全面對(duì)決，而“共同體”對(duì)“獸”的壓迫也更加具體和顯著。由此可以看出，安部在創(chuàng)作《砂女》時(shí)，手法變得更加成熟。第四章探討的是當(dāng)“獸”努力從“共同體”逃脫之時(shí)面臨的新的困境。這一章同樣從三個(gè)層次進(jìn)行細(xì)致探討。首先在處女作階段，“獸”雖然從原來(lái)的“共同體”當(dāng)中脫離出來(lái)，卻陷入了另一個(gè)“共同體”當(dāng)中。此時(shí)“二戰(zhàn)”剛結(jié)束，安部在思想上十分悲觀，心中充滿了絕望和虛無(wú)感。其次在作品集《墻》的階段，安部讓主人公進(jìn)行變身，讓主人公暫時(shí)獲得一定的自由和安定的空間，但是《紅繭》的主人公最后還是無(wú)法擺脫受人操縱的命運(yùn)�！禨．卡爾瑪?shù)姆缸铩返闹魅斯m然變身為墻，但是墻本身也蘊(yùn)含著束縛人自由的危險(xiǎn)性，因此未來(lái)仍然充滿不確定性因素。最后在《砂女》階段，主人公雖然逃亡計(jì)劃失敗，卻在最后通過(guò)既有知識(shí)，發(fā)明了可以在沙漠中獲取蒸餾水的裝置，從而獲得活下去的勇氣。這一階段的安部在政治活動(dòng)方面遭遇挫折，意識(shí)到不能一味地把社會(huì)變革的希望寄托在特定政治團(tuán)體之上，而應(yīng)該立足于自身，通過(guò)自身的改變，來(lái)獲取在社會(huì)當(dāng)中自由生存下去的能力。這也說(shuō)明安部在文學(xué)思想上達(dá)到了成熟。最后在第五章進(jìn)行總結(jié),“獸”在“共同體”當(dāng)中面臨各種困境,而從“共同體”逃脫之時(shí)又面臨新的困境,這種矛盾其實(shí)也是最大的困境。在對(duì)“獸"的困境進(jìn)行處理的過(guò)程中,安部不斷地尋找克服困境的方法,在不斷的挫折中一步步走向成熟。
[Abstract]:Abe's literary works, through the exploration of the post-war Japanese life style. The growth process of the writer's life is full of twists and turns, a long time can not settle down, the spiritual world is full of frustration and confusion. This makes many characters appear in his literary works is always restless, unstable situation, but on the other hand, but also created a variety of safety literature techniques, so that he does not rigidly adhere to the same kind of literary forms, constantly seeking change, gradually formed its own unique and mature literary type. The thought and writing techniques have reached a certain height and level < > female sand marks the advent of security department in the literature on mature, but before this, he has experienced growth and change process in a series of literature creation, in order to explore the actual situation and the mechanism of this process, we can from the beast" The viewpoint is discussed. Research on the Security Department of literary techniques change, some from the colonial experience point of view, some are discussed from the "fugitive" behavior perspective. Other scholars criticized the Ministry of public security community in the literature were studied. This paper from the perspective of "the beast" the fate of the track, explore abekoubou early in the novel "beast" Dilemma and ANN of the "beast" arrangement, reveals the changes of abekoubou literary and ideological state, further analysis of the gradually mature change trajectory. In the early part of the novel. Among many a "beast" image, on the surface, the "beast" is a metaphor, but Abe "beast" to instill more meaning, the "beast" as a modern society constantly alienated, continue to flee the real life The existing state of the template. His early novels that have different experiences of the hero, can be seen as the "beast" in different story appeared. First within the framework of the study, about abekoubou literature in the "beast" image research, focused on the deformation technique from surrealism angle of deformation as the "beast" after the survival of the state are analyzed. The focus of this paper is that through the analysis of abekoubou's early novels in the "beast" dilemma, explore the use of abekoubou in depicting the "beast" dilemma when literary techniques and state of mind, and then reveals the writer is growing mature process. The article "beast" predicament, combine with the "community" discussion, take the method of research and analysis of the text data, finally summarized, the conclusion is drawn. This thesis intends to explore the "beast" dilemma from two aspects, one is the "beast" in the "community", another is "the beast" from the "community" escape. These two directions correspond to changes in ideology and literary techniques of abekoubou. The first chapter of this paper introduction part, mainly introduces abekoubou's argument in this article, the research background, research purpose and methods; the second chapter of the keywords "beast", "community" to explain, explain feasibility study from the viewpoint of the "beast", in order to pave the way for the following discussion; the third chapter discusses is facing when the "beast" in the "community" in the dilemma. The third chapter is divided into three levels to explore, in the first stage debut, Abe is mainly influenced by the western literature and philosophy, especially the influence of existentialism, in writing On the traditional novels in detention, description of the use of a large number of monologues and psychological activities, give a person a kind of helpless emptiness; secondly in the works of < > wall stage, Kobo Abe Kada Kiyoshiki accepted the avant-garde art theory, a new breakthrough in writing. He will be the hero by way of deformation of alienation to expose the owner the public, while the "community" understanding more in-depth. In order to illustrate the "beast" in the "community" of the Ministry of security dilemma, especially points out that the "community" to the "beast" rule and management, the name, title and some for individual social symbol is added to the original free the "beast" in the body, and only the value of these had just accessory symbols, once lost the "beast", its existence has lost the "community" and "community" has been recognized, the punishment Finally in the sand. < > female stage, Abe to face reality, to construct a reality of the village community, let the "beast" and "community" and "community" comprehensive confrontation, oppression of the "beast" is more specific and significant. It can be seen that the security department in the creation of "female sand >, becomes more mature. The fourth chapter is the discussion when the" beast "from the" community "to escape when facing a new dilemma. This chapter also from three aspects in detail. First in the first stage, although the" beast "from the original" community ", but in another" community ". The" World War II "has just ended, he thought very pessimistic, full of despair and emptiness. Secondly in the works of < > wall stage, he let the hero to change, let the hero temporarily get some free And the stability of the space, but the "red cocoon hero > finally get rid of manipulated the fate of. although the protagonist turned to the wall, but the wall itself contains dangerous shackles of freedom, so the future is still full of uncertainties. Finally in < > sand female stage. Although the hero escape plan failed, but in the end through the existing knowledge, invented a device can get distilled water in the desert, so as to get the courage to live. This phase of the safety department suffered setbacks in political activities, to realize the social change can not blindly hope on a particular political group, but should be based on their own, through their own change, to obtain the ability to survive in the society of freedom. This also shows that Abe in the thought of literature has reached maturity. Finally summarized in the fifth chapter, the" beast "in "Community" faced with various difficulties, and from the "community" escape again when facing a new dilemma, this contradiction is actually the biggest dilemma. The process in the "beast" dilemma, he is constantly looking for ways to overcome the difficulties, the constant setbacks in a step by step toward maturity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I313.074

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 鄒波;“存在”與“異化”——安部公房作品之存在文學(xué)特征[J];解放軍外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年06期

2 葉渭渠;安部公房與日本存在主義[J];外國(guó)文學(xué);1996年03期

本文編號(hào)：1375737

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