【摘要】：本文旨在研究“突然”和“忽然”兩詞在狀語功能上的異同，主要將從詞類歸屬、語義特征、分布特征三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。文章將分為四個(gè)章節(jié)： 第一章緒論主要包含以下幾個(gè)方面，本文的研究對(duì)象與選題原因，對(duì)已有研究成果的細(xì)致總結(jié)、本文的研究目的、意義和方法，以及本文所用語料的說明。 第二章本章主要從詞類系統(tǒng)上對(duì)“突然”與“忽然”的關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析，即我們要確定“突然”與“忽然”是同義副詞之間的對(duì)比還是意義相近的形容詞與副詞之間的對(duì)比，通過研究我們認(rèn)為，“突然”只單純具有形容詞的詞性，所以“突然”與“忽然”之間的對(duì)比應(yīng)該是意義相近的形容詞與副詞之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系。 第三章本章主要闡述了“突然”與“忽然”在同為狀語時(shí)語義特征上的異同，通過研究筆者認(rèn)為，“突然”與“忽然”在同為狀語時(shí)語義特征雖然存在很多相同之處，但也是存在一定差別的，我們認(rèn)為“突然”在做狀語時(shí)語境上的自由度是要大于“忽然”的�！巴蝗弧笨梢猿霈F(xiàn)在表達(dá)“經(jīng)常性”、“預(yù)見性”的語義環(huán)境之中，并具有一定的“可控性”與“目的性”，可用于表達(dá)告誡、提醒等。而“忽然”則單純表達(dá)一種“偶然性”“暫時(shí)性”“非可控性”的狀態(tài)。 第四章主要從“突然”與“忽然”做狀語時(shí)的分布特征上進(jìn)行對(duì)比。我們認(rèn)為“突然”與“忽然”在分布上的區(qū)別主要集中在以下幾點(diǎn)：1.在與時(shí)間副詞的共現(xiàn)方面，“突然”可以與“將”、“經(jīng)�！�、“曾經(jīng)”、“已經(jīng)”等時(shí)間副詞共現(xiàn)，而“忽然”不能。2.在與動(dòng)詞性成分的搭配方面，首先“突然”能夠修飾與軍事或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)意義有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞，如：“突然襲擊”，“忽然”一般不這樣用；其次，“突然”在修飾表達(dá)有生名詞的非可控狀態(tài)意義的動(dòng)詞、表達(dá)死亡意義的動(dòng)詞及一些表達(dá)事故災(zāi)難意義的動(dòng)詞方面優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯大于“忽然”。3.“突然”與“忽然”在修飾限制形容詞上區(qū)別不明顯。 綜上，我們認(rèn)為“突然”與“忽然”這樣一對(duì)同義詞是存在很多差別的，，首先是詞性上的區(qū)別，其次在兩詞作狀語時(shí)語義特征與分布特征上都有著具體的差異，本文力求達(dá)到詳盡的描寫和細(xì)致的分析，但由于各方面因素的影響，其中可能存在一些問題，望今后有機(jī)會(huì)做深一步的研究。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the similarities and differences of adverbial functions between "sudden" and "sudden", and to make a contrastive analysis from three aspects: part of speech assignment, semantic features and distribution features. The article will be divided into four chapters: the first chapter mainly includes the following aspects: the research object and the reason of the selected topic, the detailed summary of the existing research results, the purpose, significance and method of this paper, as well as the explanation of the corpus used in this paper. In the second chapter, this chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between "sudden" and "sudden" from the system of parts of speech, that is, we should determine whether "sudden" and "sudden" are synonymous adverbs or the comparison between adjectives and adverbs with similar meanings. Through the study, we think that "sudden" only has the part of speech of adjectives. Therefore, the contrast between "sudden" and "sudden" should be the contrastive relationship between adjectives and adverbs with similar meanings. In the third chapter, this chapter mainly expounds the similarities and differences in the semantic features of "sudden" and "sudden" when they are adverbials. Through the study of the author, the author believes that although there are many similarities between the semantic features of "sudden" and "sudden" in the same adverbial, there are also some differences. We think that the degree of freedom of "sudden" in the context of adverbial is greater than that of "sudden". "sudden" can appear in the semantic environment of expressing "regular" and "foresight", and has certain "controllability" and "purpose", which can be used to express warning, reminder and so on. Suddenly, on the other hand, simply expresses a state of "contingency", "temporary" and "uncontrollability". The fourth chapter mainly compares the distribution characteristics of adverbials between sudden and sudden. We think that the difference in distribution between "sudden" and "sudden" mainly focuses on the following points: 1. In terms of co-occurrence with time adverbs, "suddenly" can be co-emerged with time adverbs such as "will", "often", "once", "already" and so on, while "suddenly" can not. 2. In terms of collocation with verb components, first of all, "sudden" can modify verbs related to military or war meaning, such as "sudden attack", "sudden" is not generally used in this way; secondly, "sudden" is obviously superior to "sudden" in modifying verbs that express the uncontrollable meaning of new nouns, verbs expressing the meaning of death and some verbs that express the meaning of accident and disaster. There is no obvious difference between "sudden" and "sudden" in modifying restrictive adjectives. In summary, we think that there are many differences between "sudden" and "sudden" synonyms, the first is the difference in part of speech, and secondly, there are specific differences in semantic features and distribution features when the two words are adverbials. This paper tries to achieve detailed description and detailed analysis, but due to the influence of various factors, there may be some problems, hoping to have the opportunity to do a further study in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 彭湃,彭爽;“每每”與“往往”、“常�！盵J];成都大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年02期

2 李賡鈞;“突然”的詞性[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);1983年05期

3 黎明;關(guān)于形容詞和副詞的劃界問題——從《突然》和《忽然》談起[J];邏輯與語言學(xué)習(xí);1985年01期

4 潘慕婕;;關(guān)于現(xiàn)代漢語的頻度副詞[J];中山大學(xué)研究生學(xué)刊(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2001年01期

5 沈家煊;;“有界”與“無界”[J];中國(guó)語文;1995年05期

6 陸丙甫;;從“跳舞”、“必然”的詞性到“忽然”、“突然”的區(qū)別[J];語言研究;1992年01期

7 張誼生;現(xiàn)代漢語副詞的性質(zhì)、范圍與分類[J];語言研究;2000年01期

8 陳立民;漢語的時(shí)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)成分[J];語言研究;2002年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 丁淑娟;現(xiàn)代漢語頻率副詞研究[D];延邊大學(xué);2004年

2 金峻鐵;“X然”類短時(shí)義副詞研究[D];延邊大學(xué);2007年

本文編號(hào)：2501272