發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-15 09:56

【摘要】：數(shù)詞是語言中特殊的一類詞，而“一”是數(shù)詞中特殊的一個(gè)詞�！耙弧辈粌H可以單獨(dú)作詞，而且可以作為語素參與構(gòu)成其它詞。對(duì)數(shù)詞“一”及其組合結(jié)構(gòu)的研究已經(jīng)相當(dāng)成熟，而對(duì)語素“一”及其構(gòu)詞的研究還比較薄弱。本文以漢語語素“一”為研究對(duì)象，以《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》收錄的“一”構(gòu)成的雙音詞為研究材料，充分利用北京大學(xué)漢語研究中心語料庫，從歷時(shí)與共時(shí)兩個(gè)角度著眼，試圖對(duì)現(xiàn)代漢語語素“一”自身及其構(gòu)詞有更深入全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。 首先，本文將《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》中由語素“一”參與構(gòu)成的雙音詞進(jìn)行分類，并在這一基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)每一個(gè)詞的形成時(shí)間進(jìn)行定位，對(duì)其中語素“一”的語義歸屬進(jìn)行整理，從而了解語素“一”構(gòu)詞形成的整體面貌，為下文研究打下基礎(chǔ)。 其次，考察由語素“一”構(gòu)成的詞中兩個(gè)語素之間的關(guān)系，，并討論組合之后整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展到詞的演化過程，歸納出每一類詞的形成途徑，發(fā)現(xiàn)語素“一”在構(gòu)詞中發(fā)揮的作用。 最后，語素“一”參與構(gòu)詞的有多個(gè)語素項(xiàng)，而各個(gè)語素項(xiàng)的構(gòu)詞能力呈現(xiàn)出很明顯的不平衡現(xiàn)象。通過對(duì)每個(gè)語素項(xiàng)的語素共義和語素變義的考察，分析討論導(dǎo)致不同的語素項(xiàng)構(gòu)詞能力不平衡的原因。 對(duì)現(xiàn)代漢語語素“一”的研究首先可以繼續(xù)深化“數(shù)”的研究，并對(duì)其他復(fù)雜的成詞語素的研究也會(huì)有所啟發(fā)，進(jìn)而豐富整個(gè)漢語言的基礎(chǔ)研究。同時(shí)本文研究中大量利用了漢語字詞典等工具書，發(fā)現(xiàn)并討論了其中的一些問題，或?qū)?duì)詞典編纂有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Numeral is a special kind of word in language, and "one" is a special word in numeral. One can not only compose words alone, but also participate as morphemes to form other words. The research on logarithmic word "Yi" and its combinatorial structure is quite mature, but the research on morpheme "Yi" and its word formation is still relatively weak. Taking the Chinese morpheme "one" as the research object and the disyllabic words of "one" included in the Modern Chinese Dictionary as the research materials, this paper makes full use of the central corpus of Chinese studies at Peking University, focusing on both diachronic and synchronic aspects. This paper attempts to have a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of modern Chinese morpheme "Yi" itself and its word formation. First of all, this paper classifies the disyllabic words composed of morpheme "one" in Modern Chinese Dictionary, and on this basis, locates the formation time of each word, and sorts out the semantic attribution of the morpheme "one". Thus we can understand the whole appearance of morpheme word formation, and lay the foundation for the following research. Secondly, the relationship between two morphemes in a word composed of morphemes "one" is investigated, and the evolution process from the whole structure to the word after combination is discussed. The ways of forming each kind of words are summarized, and the role of morpheme "one" in word formation is found. Finally, there are many morphemes involved in word formation, and the ability of morphemes is obviously unbalanced. Based on the investigation of morpheme synsemy and morpheme metonymy of each morphemes, this paper analyzes and discusses the reasons for the imbalance of morphemes' ability to construct words in different morphemes. The research on the morpheme "one" of modern Chinese can first of all continue to deepen the study of "number", and will also enlighten the study of other complex morphemes of Chinese words, so as to enrich the basic research of the whole Chinese language. At the same time, reference books such as Chinese character dictionary are widely used in this paper, and some of these problems are found and discussed, which may be beneficial to the compilation of dictionaries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H136

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