【摘要】：語(yǔ)言作為社會(huì)交際的重要手段，它隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步而不斷衍變、發(fā)展。與此同時(shí)，，由于人的認(rèn)識(shí)能力不斷提升，認(rèn)知的范圍也在不斷的擴(kuò)大。于是，越來(lái)越多的詞在使用的過(guò)程中衍生出了比喻義�，F(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)名詞比喻義的出現(xiàn)，并非是語(yǔ)言發(fā)展之初就已存在的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，而是以人的認(rèn)知能力的提高為前提衍生出的一種特殊語(yǔ)義用法。 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，所謂的比喻義是指詞在逐漸使用、衍變的過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的不同于其本義或基本義且具有比喻性質(zhì)的新意義。比喻義的產(chǎn)生建立在詞的本義或基本義的基礎(chǔ)上，它的產(chǎn)生不僅沒(méi)有取代詞的本義或基本義，反而作為詞的一個(gè)新的義項(xiàng)固定下來(lái)，被人們所熟用并收入詞典。從詞匯層面上講，詞的比喻義不僅豐富了詞匯數(shù)量，擴(kuò)大了詞義范疇，更促進(jìn)了詞義的發(fā)展。從語(yǔ)言功能上說(shuō)，比喻義的使用增強(qiáng)了語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)能力，為語(yǔ)言的藝術(shù)化提供了新的、有效的途徑。 本文以現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中的名詞比喻義為研究對(duì)象，共分五部分對(duì)名詞比喻義進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)完整的闡述。引言部分主要為論文的選題背景及研究方法、研究目的和意義的提及。第一章主要為詞的比喻義的基本問(wèn)題探討，明確什么是詞的比喻義，比喻義與比喻修辭、引申義的區(qū)別，以及現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞的比喻義的研究現(xiàn)狀概述。第二章作為本文的重點(diǎn)，以亞里士多德的古典范疇理論的事物屬性認(rèn)識(shí)分析名詞比喻義的衍生機(jī)制；并以部分現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)名詞為例，分析名詞比喻義的屬性范疇分布狀況。第三章分別從詞的比喻義的產(chǎn)生原因及功能兩部分對(duì)比喻義做了詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。第四章結(jié)合對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)探討詞的比喻義，分析了對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)中詞的比喻義教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀和存在的問(wèn)題,并提出建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)為教學(xué)提供指導(dǎo)。 本論文較之以往的相關(guān)文章的特點(diǎn)是系統(tǒng)、全面地對(duì)詞的比喻義做了分析，并突出了以往的文獻(xiàn)所沒(méi)有涉及到的詞的比喻義的衍生機(jī)制問(wèn)題即屬性意義的相似性。此外，結(jié)合對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)來(lái)探討詞的比喻義，為教學(xué)中的缺陷與不足提供建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)，也是本文的創(chuàng)新之處。
[Abstract]:As an important means of social communication, language evolves and develops with the progress of society. At the same time, due to the continuous improvement of people's cognitive ability, the scope of cognition is also expanding. As a result, more and more words in the use of the process derived from the metaphorical meaning. The appearance of figurative meaning of nouns in modern Chinese is not a linguistic phenomenon that existed at the beginning of language development, but a special semantic usage derived from the improvement of human cognitive ability. Generally speaking, the metaphorical meaning refers to the new meaning which is different from its original meaning or basic meaning and has the metaphorical nature. The appearance of metaphorical meaning is based on the original meaning or basic meaning of a word. Instead of replacing the original meaning or basic meaning of a word, it is fixed as a new meaning of a word and is used by people and entered into a dictionary. From the lexical level, the figurative meaning of words not only enriches the number of words, expands the category of word meaning, but also promotes the development of word meaning. In terms of language function, the use of metaphor enhances the ability of language expression and provides a new and effective way for the artistry of language. In this paper, the figurative meaning of nouns in modern Chinese is taken as the object of study, and it is divided into five parts to explain the figurative meaning of nouns in a systematic and complete way. The introduction is mainly about the background and research methods of the thesis, the purpose and significance of the research. The first chapter mainly discusses the basic problems of the figurative meaning of a word, clarifies what is the metaphorical meaning of a word, the difference between metaphorical meaning and figurative rhetoric, and the present situation of the study on the metaphorical meaning of a modern Chinese word. The second chapter, as the focus of this paper, analyzes the derivative mechanism of noun figurative meaning with the object attribute of Aristotle's classical category theory, and takes some modern Chinese nouns as an example to analyze the distribution of attribute category of noun figurative meaning. The third chapter explains the reason and function of metaphorical meaning in detail. Chapter four discusses the metaphorical meaning of words in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, analyzes the present situation and existing problems of metaphorical meaning teaching in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and puts forward constructive suggestions to provide guidance for teaching. Compared with the previous related articles, this paper systematically analyzes the metaphorical meaning of words, and highlights the derivation mechanism of the metaphorical meaning of words that has not been involved in previous literature, that is, the similarity of attribute meaning. In addition, it is the innovation of this paper to probe into the figurative meaning of words in combination with the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, and to provide constructive suggestions for the defects and deficiencies in teaching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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