【摘要】：本文以句法、語義、語用三個(gè)平面的語法觀為指導(dǎo),充分借鑒和吸收現(xiàn)代漢語疑問句研究的成果,力圖對(duì)《景德傳燈錄》中的疑問句作系統(tǒng)、全面、深入地考察,以此構(gòu)建一個(gè)科學(xué)、嚴(yán)密的疑問句系統(tǒng),對(duì)《傳燈錄》疑問句研究專題起到拋磚引玉的作用。 全文分為六章。 第一章緒論。簡要說明了《傳燈錄》的概況、語言研究現(xiàn)狀、本文的研究意義和方法,確定了疑問句分類的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和角度。本文采用張斌的分類方法,將《傳燈錄》中的疑問句先從語用功能的角度按疑問程度分為詢問句、測(cè)度句、反詰句三大類；再根據(jù)疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式把詢問句細(xì)分為特指問句、正反問句、是非問句和選擇問句四類,并探討其語義。由此將句法、語義、語用有機(jī)地結(jié)合在一起。 第二章至第四章全面考察了《傳燈錄》中的疑問句。經(jīng)整理分析得出：《傳燈錄》中的疑問句用例和句型都十分豐富,共8655例,可分為詢問句、測(cè)度句、反詰句三大類。它們?cè)跁械姆植己懿痪?其中詢問句7363例,占85.1%；測(cè)度句72例,占0.8%；反詰句1220例,占14.1%。疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式上既有繼承也有發(fā)展創(chuàng)新。例如：在特指詢問句中,疑問代詞及其復(fù)合形式豐富,來源層次不同,不僅有上古及中古漢語流傳下來的“何”、“誰”等,還有近代漢語新興的“什么”、“作么”等；在正反詢問句中,相較《祖堂集》,《傳燈錄》中的“VP不VP?”已經(jīng)有所發(fā)展,比如出現(xiàn)了“VO不V?”式,且VP的形式也更多樣。 第五章考察了特殊疑問句之設(shè)問句�！秱鳠翡洝分械脑O(shè)問句由特指問和是非問句構(gòu)成,其問句與答語之間成針對(duì)性解釋關(guān)系。 第六章探討了疑問句的語用功能。詢問句的語用功能主要是詢問,表達(dá)問話人心中的疑點(diǎn)。但由于《傳燈錄》題材的特殊性,其詢問句還具有回避、啟示等功能。反詰問句的語用功能較豐富,可表達(dá)困惑、申辯、責(zé)怪、反駁、催促和提醒六種意義。測(cè)度問句的功能主要是求得對(duì)話人證實(shí)。
[Abstract]:Guided by the grammatical views of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, this paper fully draws lessons from and absorbs the research achievements of modern Chinese interrogative sentences, and tries to make a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth investigation of the interrogative sentences in Jingde Zhuan Lights. Thus, a scientific and strict system of interrogative sentences is constructed, which plays an important role in the research of interrogative sentences. The full text is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is introduction. In this paper, the general situation, the present situation of language research, the significance and methods of this study, and the criteria and angles of classification of interrogative sentences are briefly described. This paper uses Zhang Bin's classification method to classify the interrogative sentences from the perspective of pragmatic function into three categories: interrogative sentences, measure sentences and rhetorical sentences. According to the structure of the interrogative sentence, the interrogative sentence is subdivided into four categories: the specific question, the positive question, the right question and the choice question, and the semantics of the interrogative sentence is discussed. Therefore, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic are combined organically. The second to fourth chapters comprehensively investigate the interrogative sentences in Biography. It is concluded that the interrogative sentences and sentence patterns are very abundant, 8655 cases in all, which can be divided into three categories: interrogative sentence, measure sentence and rhetorical sentence. They are unevenly distributed in the book, including 7363 interrogative sentences (85.1%), 72 measure sentences (0.8%) and 1220 rhetorical sentences (14.1%). There are inheritance and innovation in the structure of interrogative sentence. For example, in special interrogative sentences, interrogative pronouns and their complex forms are rich, and the sources are different. There are not only "he" and "who" handed down in ancient and middle Chinese, but also the new "what" and "do Mo" in modern Chinese. In positive and negative interrogations, "VP is not VP?" in "Zu Tang Ji". There have been developments, such as "VO not V?" And the form of VP is also more diverse. The fifth chapter examines the question sentences of special questions, which are composed of specific question and right question, and the relation between the question and the answer is targeted. Chapter six discusses the pragmatic functions of interrogative sentences. The pragmatic function of interrogative sentences is to ask questions and express their doubts. However, because of the particularity of the subject matter, the interrogative sentence has the functions of evading and enlightening. Rhetorical questions have rich pragmatic functions, which can express six meanings: puzzlement, defense, blame, refutation, urging and reminding. The main function of measurement question is to obtain confirmation from the interlocutor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H141

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