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主觀量視角下的副詞歧義研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-12-10 11:22
【摘要】:語言的“主觀性”是指在話語中總是能體現(xiàn)出說話人的“自我”成分,也就是說,說話人在說出一段話的同時總是帶有自己對這段話的態(tài)度、立場和情感。語言不僅能客觀地表達命題,而且融入說話者的主觀情感和認識。語言既能表達客觀量,也可以表達主觀量。缺乏主觀認知的語言不能算是名副其實的語言。語言主觀量的表達有多種多樣的形式,輕重音、語氣助詞和副詞等都是漢語主觀量表達的一些重要手段。其中副詞是表示主觀量的重要形式。 隨著漢語研究的深入和發(fā)展和認知語言學(xué)的日益興起,漢語的主觀量問題成為漢語研究的一個熱點,學(xué)界諸多學(xué)者開始研究漢語副詞的主觀量問題,并發(fā)表了多篇研究成果。 本文在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上,將主觀量視角下的副詞歧義問題作為重點研究對象。通過實證分析試探求出副詞表量產(chǎn)生歧義的原因和基本規(guī)律,以及有效消除歧義的基本方法,從而達到深刻認知漢語自身特點和更好服務(wù)于對內(nèi)對外漢語教學(xué)的目的。 本文選取的是狹義“量”概念作為“主觀量”的研究依據(jù),力圖通過含有具體數(shù)量短語的量對副詞主觀量的歧義問題做出解析和描寫。全文分四個部分,,第一部分文獻綜述,簡要介紹主觀量的內(nèi)涵和近些年來國內(nèi)學(xué)者對副詞主觀量問題的研究情況;第二部分對副詞主觀量進行限定和分類,漢語主觀量的表達方式主要有重音、語氣詞和副詞等,而副詞主觀量的表達方式部分,根據(jù)副詞的語義指向不同,按照語言指向前指、后指和雙指,對“只”、“僅”、“才”、“就”、“都”等副詞的主觀量表現(xiàn)手段進行描寫和分析;第三部分介紹副詞主觀量歧義問題出現(xiàn)的原因、表現(xiàn)的類型及消除方式;最后第四部分為結(jié)語。 在研究方法上我們主要采用比較和歸納,比較就是通過設(shè)立單獨語境和通過設(shè)立增加語境檢驗在語義表達方面有何不同,在此基礎(chǔ)上歸納出能產(chǎn)生歧義的具體條件和規(guī)律。 本文的用例來源包括兩種情況:1.從北京大學(xué)漢語研究中心現(xiàn)代漢語語料庫中檢索到的例句。2.筆者收集到的學(xué)術(shù)論著或工具書中的用例,引用原文都加注說明。
[Abstract]:The subjectivity of language means that the speaker's "self" is always reflected in the discourse, that is to say, the speaker always has his own attitude, position and emotion in saying a paragraph. Language can not only objectively express propositions, but also incorporate the subjective feelings and cognition of the speaker. Language can express both objective and subjective quantities. A language that lacks subjective cognition is not a language worthy of its name. The expression of language subjective quantity has a variety of forms, such as light and heavy tone, modal auxiliary and adverb, are some important means of Chinese subjective quantity expression. Adverbs are important forms of subjective quantities. With the deepening and development of Chinese research and the increasing rise of cognitive linguistics, the subjective quantity of Chinese has become a hot topic in Chinese research. Many scholars have begun to study the subjective quantity of Chinese adverbs, and published many research results. On the basis of previous studies, this paper focuses on adverb ambiguity from the perspective of subjective variables. Through empirical analysis, the author tries to find out the causes and basic rules of ambiguity in adverb table quantity, and the basic method of effectively disambiguation, so as to realize deeply the characteristics of Chinese and serve the purpose of teaching Chinese as a foreign language at home and abroad. This paper chooses the concept of "quantity" in the narrow sense as the research basis of "subjective quantity", and tries to make an analysis and description of the ambiguity of adverb's subjective quantity by means of the quantity containing specific quantitative phrases. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part is a literature review, which briefly introduces the connotation of subjective quantity and the research of adverb subjective quantity by domestic scholars in recent years. The second part defines and classifies the adverb's subjective quantity. The main ways of expressing the Chinese subjective quantity are stress, mood and adverb, while the adverb's subjective quantity is expressed differently according to the adverb's semantic direction, according to the language pointing antecedent. The second and double fingers describe and analyze the subjective means of expression of adverbs such as "only", "talent", "just" and "du". The third part introduces the reasons of the ambiguity of adverb subjective quantity, the types of expression and the way of elimination. The fourth part is the conclusion. In the research methods, we mainly adopt comparison and induction. Comparison is to find out the specific conditions and rules of ambiguity by setting up separate context and adding context to examine the differences in semantic expression. The source of the use case in this paper consists of two cases: 1. Examples from the Modern Chinese Corpus of the Center for Chinese Studies of Peking University. 2. The use cases in academic works or reference books collected by the author are annotated in the original text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:H146

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