【摘要】：影視劇片名是應(yīng)用語言學(xué)研究對象之一,既具有語言的一般性質(zhì),又有區(qū)別于其他標(biāo)題語言的特征。我們選取近十年中3015部已經(jīng)公映的漢語電影片名和電視劇名作為研究對象,從如下三個角度進(jìn)行了具體分析。 首先,探討了片名的構(gòu)造。在構(gòu)造元素上,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)片名依據(jù)構(gòu)造元素的不同可分為單純的漢字片名和融入其它元素的片名,而融入的其它元素又包括數(shù)字、漢語拼音或英文字母、單詞以及標(biāo)點符號。在構(gòu)造方式上,既有原創(chuàng)的命名方式,如直接以影視劇中的人物、事物、時間、處所等來命名,又有利用既成語言片段來命名的,如直接把詩詞、歌詞、成語典故作為片名。在構(gòu)造原則上,片名常常遵循言簡義豐、凸顯主題、吸引受眾這樣三個原則。 其次,對片名進(jìn)行了語言學(xué)角度的本體分析。從音節(jié)方面來觀察片名,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)片名最青睞四音節(jié),這同四音節(jié)片名自身的特點有關(guān),也與漢族人求偶對稱的心理分不開。從片名的句法功能類別來看,體詞性的影視片名要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于謂詞性的片名,這是由于體詞性片名稱名性強,適合作標(biāo)題。而通過對體詞性片名的進(jìn)一步觀察,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在體詞性片名中偏正式的名詞短語片名又占據(jù)絕對優(yōu)勢,這與自然語言中定中短語的高頻使用和強勢地位有關(guān),與定中短語自身的特點有關(guān),也與定中式片名的稱名性功能有關(guān)。從語義語用角度來看片名有三大特點,一是片名中句法結(jié)構(gòu)不注重形式上的標(biāo)志,而主要依靠構(gòu)成成分之間的意義關(guān)聯(lián),因而語義制約支撐力度增強；二是部分片名隱含某些配價成分,造成了它們語義上的不確定性和豐富性；三是一些片名為追求新奇別致的語言效果,常常會突破詞語之間的語義搭配規(guī)則和邏輯事理范疇,構(gòu)成語用價值十分凸顯的超常搭配。 最后,拿近十年奧斯卡和金球獎中提名的英語片名同漢語片名進(jìn)行對比分析。從句法層面來看,一方面漢英片名都傾向大量使用體詞性片名,另一方面漢語中的謂詞性片名又要略高于英語中的謂詞性片名。從意合、形合的角度看,漢語片名的意合性強,常常不借助語言形式手段而靠詞語或句子所含的邏輯聯(lián)系來實現(xiàn)它們之間的連接,而在英語片名中,短語或句子的構(gòu)造常常會借助各種形式手段,注重以形顯義。就質(zhì)量原則方面來看,拿英語本名和漢語譯名進(jìn)行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語譯名更重“量”,而英語本名則更重“質(zhì)”。
[Abstract]:The title of film and TV play is one of the objects of applied linguistics. It has the general nature of language and is different from other title languages. We select 3015 Chinese movie titles and TV series titles that have been released in the past ten years as the research object, and analyze them from the following three angles. First, the structure of the title is discussed. In terms of structural elements, we find that the title of the film can be divided into Chinese characters and other elements according to the different structural elements, and other elements include numbers, Pinyin or English letters, words and punctuation marks. In terms of construction, there are original naming methods, such as directly naming characters, things, time, places and so on in movies and TV dramas, while others use existing language fragments to name them, such as taking poems, lyrics, idioms and allusions as film titles. In the principle of construction, the title of the film often follows the three principles of saying Jian Yifeng, highlighting the theme and attracting the audience. Secondly, the title of the film is analyzed from the perspective of linguistics. Observing the title from the syllable aspect, we can find that the title is the most favored four-syllable, which is related to the characteristics of the four-syllable title itself, and it is also closely related to the psychology of the Han nationality in seeking a mate and symmetry. From the syntactic function category of title, the title of film and television is far more than the title of predicate, which is because the title of title is strong, so it is suitable for title. Through the further observation of the title of part of speech, we find that the noun phrase title, which is more formal in the title of part of speech, occupies an absolute advantage, which is related to the high frequency use and the strong position of the fixed middle phrase in natural language. It is related to the characteristics of idiographic phrases and the nominative function of definite Chinese film names. From the point of view of semantic pragmatics, the title has three characteristics: the first is that the syntactic structure in the title does not pay attention to the sign in form, but mainly depends on the meaning relation between the components, so the semantic restriction is strengthened; Part of the title implies some valence components, resulting in their semantic uncertainty and richness; Thirdly, some films called the pursuit of novel and chic language effects, often break through the semantic collocation rules and logical principles between words and phrases, and constitute a very prominent pragmatic value of the extraordinary collocation. Finally, a comparative analysis is made between English and Chinese film titles nominated for the Oscars and Golden Globes in the past ten years. On the one hand, both Chinese and English film titles tend to be used in large numbers, on the other hand, the predicate titles in Chinese are slightly higher than those in English. From the point of view of parataxis and hypotaxis, Chinese film titles have strong parataxis, and they are often connected by the logical connections of words or sentences without the help of linguistic forms, and in English film titles, Phrases or sentences are often constructed with the help of a variety of formal means, pay attention to the explicit meaning of form. In terms of quality principle, the comparison between English real name and Chinese translation shows that the Chinese translation is more quantitative, and the English real name is more qualitative.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H13

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