【摘要】：朱德熙先生在《現代漢語形容詞研究》中提出了“絕對性質形容詞”的說法。為了弄清楚什么是“絕對性質形容詞”,我們作了如下探討：首先,我們對一些“絕對性質形容詞”進行語料調查,看是否真的沒有程度區(qū)分,并以“真、假”作為個案分析；其次,我們從理論上對“絕對性質形容詞”的本質進行了探索,發(fā)現“絕對性質形容詞”就是區(qū)別詞；最后,我們探討了“絕對性質形容詞”這個說法產生的原由,并認為語言研究,應該從活的語言出發(fā),考慮人的認知因素,只有這樣,語言研究才可能更真實,更科學。 與“絕對性質形容詞”相關的是“性質形容詞”,這兩個問題實質上是一個問題,因為弄清楚了其中的一個,另一個也就解決了。不過,光說性質形容詞是能被“很”修飾的詞,問題并沒有完全解決,原因是還有一部分動詞也能被“很”修飾。 “很”與“A+O”不能同現的命題,是為了區(qū)分動詞與形容詞提出來的.但在實際運用中,我們發(fā)現這個方法是有問題的。通過對語料的考察,我們發(fā)現,“很”與“X+O”同現不是動詞所特有的句法特征,形容詞也存在這種句法特征；“很”與“X+O”不能同現不是形容詞所具有的特點,動詞也存在這種現象。因此,我們認為“很+A”與“A+O”不能同現的說法是沒有理據的,是有問題的。如果把“很+A+O”格式中的“A”都處理為動詞,則會得出形容詞一旦帶賓語就變成動詞的結論。形容詞帶賓語后能不能與“很”同現,并不是由形容詞自身決定的,而是受到句法結構的影響。文章最后,我們提出了形容詞與動詞的劃界方法。
[Abstract]:In the study of adjectives in Modern Chinese, Mr. Zhu Dexi put forward the term "absolute adjectives". In order to find out what is "absolute adjective", we have made the following discussion: firstly, we have conducted a corpus investigation on some "absolute adjectives" to see if there is really no degree of distinction, and take "truth and falsehood" as a case study; Secondly, we explore the essence of "absolute adjective" theoretically, and find that "absolute adjective" is the distinguishing word. Finally, we discuss the origin of the expression "absolute adjectives", and think that language research should start from living language and consider human cognitive factors. Only in this way, language research can be more real and scientific. The relation to "absolute adjectives" is "nature adjectives". These two problems are essentially a problem because one of them is clear and the other is solved. However, the problem is not completely solved because some verbs can also be modified by "very". The proposition that "Shi" and "A O" cannot coexist is proposed to distinguish verbs from adjectives. But in practice, we find that this method is problematic. Through the investigation of the corpus, we find that "very" and "X O" are not unique syntactic features of verbs, and adjectives also have this syntactic feature. It is not the characteristic of adjectives that "very" and "X O" can not be coexisting, and there is this phenomenon in verbs. Therefore, we think that the argument that "very A" and "A O" cannot co-exist is groundless and problematic. If we treat "A" in "very A O" format as a verb, we can conclude that the adjective becomes a verb once it has an object. Whether adjectives with objects can co-appear with "very" is not determined by adjectives themselves, but by the influence of syntactic structure. At the end of the article, we put forward the method of delimiting adjectives and verbs.
【學位授予單位】：浙江師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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