【摘要】：《方言》中某一個(gè)方言詞,作為被釋詞,多數(shù)情況下不重復(fù)注釋。但是,也有同一個(gè)方言詞重復(fù)注釋的情況。這種重復(fù)注釋的情況,透露出《方言》某處說(shuō)某方言用了某詞并不排斥其他方言也用該詞的信息。如果一個(gè)方言詞僅見(jiàn)于它后面所列的具體的方言區(qū)域,不見(jiàn)于別的方言,那么幾處重復(fù)注釋所列的方言區(qū)域應(yīng)該是一樣的。事實(shí)上,并不完全如此。這就有力地證明:《方言》中說(shuō)表達(dá)某一個(gè)概念,某地用某詞,并不是說(shuō)只有某地用某詞,其他的地域不用該詞。揚(yáng)雄只是據(jù)實(shí)記錄他的見(jiàn)聞,不是在作出全面調(diào)查,不是在知道了某詞只有某地用而別的地方不用之后,才寫(xiě)上某詞見(jiàn)于某地。換句話說(shuō),《方言》中某詞見(jiàn)于某地,并沒(méi)有暗含不見(jiàn)于其他地域的意思;《方言》中的很多方言詞不能作為某一個(gè)地域獨(dú)有而為其他地域所無(wú)的用詞。將《方言》這一特點(diǎn)揭示出來(lái)非常重要,因?yàn)樗鼱可娴饺绾卫谩斗窖浴费芯壳貪h時(shí)期的方言區(qū)劃、方言之間的語(yǔ)音對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系以及漢語(yǔ)詞匯史等重要問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:A dialect word, as an interpreted word, that in most cases is not repeatedly annotated. However, there are also the same dialect words repeated annotation situation. This repeated annotation reveals that the use of a certain word in a certain dialect does not exclude the use of that word in other dialects. If a dialect is found only in the specific dialect areas listed below and not in other dialects, then the dialect areas listed in the repeated comments should be the same. In fact, this is not quite the case. This proves forcefully that the dialect is used to express a certain concept and to use a word in a certain place, not to say that only one word is used in a certain place, but not in other places. Yang Xiong only recorded what he had seen and heard according to the facts. He was not making a full investigation. He was not writing a word in a certain place until he knew that it was only used in one place and not in another place. In other words, a word in a dialect is found in a certain place and does not imply a meaning that is not invisible to other regions; many of the dialect words in a dialect cannot be used as words unique to one region but not in other regions. It is very important to reveal the feature of dialect because it involves how to use it to study the division of dialects in Qin and Han dynasties, the phonological correspondence between dialects and the history of Chinese vocabulary.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)中文系;
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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