【摘要】：鼻冠阻塞音的音段復(fù)雜性決定了它具有特殊的聲學(xué)特征。本文從時長、清濁和基頻三個角度探討鳳凰苗語鼻冠阻塞音的聲學(xué)屬性。在時長方面，我們關(guān)注的是鼻冠阻塞音與鼻音、阻塞音、NC輔音叢在時長上的差異，以及鼻冠阻塞音在詞首和詞中位置上的時長差異；在清濁問題上，主要考察鳳凰苗語鼻冠阻塞音的清濁屬性；在基頻方面，分析鼻冠阻塞音對后接元音基頻的影響。研究的主要結(jié)論有： 第一，在詞中位置上，鼻音，阻塞音，鼻冠阻塞音和NC輔音叢的時長存在差異，其時長大小為NC N#C C N，說明音段類型對輔音的時長具有顯著性效應(yīng)(F(3，162)=32.75，P.001)。詞首和詞中鼻冠阻塞音的時長存在差異：前者與NC輔音叢的時長相近，而后者的時長顯著大于NC輔音叢的時長（P.05），說明詞中位置上的鼻冠阻塞音不是一個典型的鼻冠阻塞音，它有變成輔音叢的趨勢。 第二，鳳凰阿拉苗語中存在兩套鼻冠阻塞音：濁不送氣和清送氣，依據(jù)是不送氣音中的平均濁音杠比例遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過50%，而送氣音中的比例遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于該值，說明鼻音后的不送氣阻塞音發(fā)生濁化是一個較為普遍的語言現(xiàn)象。送氣音和不送氣音濁化程度不同的原因在于，發(fā)鼻音時的軟腭動作和阻塞音的送氣與否會共同作用于發(fā)阻塞音時的聲門上下氣壓差，從而影響鼻冠阻塞音的清濁屬性。 第三，，相對于送氣的清鼻冠阻塞音，不送氣的濁鼻冠阻塞音對元音基頻有降低作用。NCH的送氣會抬高基頻，而NC的濁化會降低基頻。同時，與塞音相比，鼻冠阻塞音的后接元音基頻更低（NCH CH, NC C），其排列順序是CH NCHC NC。
[Abstract]:The complexity of nasal crown occlusion determines that it has special acoustic characteristics. In this paper, the acoustic properties of the nasal crown blocking sound in Phoenix Miao language are discussed from the aspects of duration, turbidity and fundamental frequency. In terms of length of time, we are concerned about the difference between nasal crown occlusion sound and nasal sound, blocking sound, NC consonant in length, as well as the length of time in the beginning and position of nasal crown blocking sound, and in the problem of clear turbidity. This paper mainly studies the turbid properties of the nasal crown occlusion sound in Phoenix Miao language, and analyzes the influence of the nasal crown occlusion sound on the base frequency of the posterior vowel sound. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: first, there are differences in the length of time between nasal, blocking, coronal and NC consonants in the position of words. Its duration is NC N#C C N, indicating that the segment type has a significant effect on the duration of consonant (F (3162) = 32.75% P.001). There is a difference between the duration of nasal crown occlusion and that of NC consonant, but the length of the latter is significantly longer than that of NC consonant (P.05), which indicates that the nasal crown occlusion in the position of the word is not a typical nasal coronal occlusion, but the length of the latter is much longer than that of the NC consonant (P.05). It tends to turn into consonants. Second, there are two sets of nasal crown blocking sounds in Phoenix Aramao language: turbid and clean, based on the fact that the average proportion of turbid bars in non-aspirated sounds far exceeds 50 percent, while the proportion of aspirated sounds is far less than this value. It shows that turbidization of non-aspirating blocking sound after nasal sounds is a common language phenomenon. The reason why the degree of turbid sound is different from that of non-aspirating sound is that the movement of soft palate and the exhalation of blocking sound will act on the difference of upper and lower pressure of glottis in the process of nasal occlusion, which will affect the turbid nature of nasal crown occlusion sound. Third, compared with the purging nasal crown occlusion sound, the turbid nasal crown occlusion sound without air supply can reduce the vowel fundamental frequency, while the turbid tone of NC will lower the fundamental frequency while the NCH aspirate will raise the fundamental frequency. At the same time, the base frequency of nasal coronal occlusion sound is lower than that of coronal occlusion sound, and the order is CH NCHC NC..
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H216

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本文編號：2273928