【摘要】：近年來漢語復(fù)句句序研究呈現(xiàn)視角和方法多樣化趨勢,進(jìn)展迅速成績喜人。受此啟發(fā)和激勵,本文以語用學(xué)、語體學(xué)、篇章語言學(xué)、認(rèn)知語言學(xué)等新興學(xué)科的有關(guān)理論為指導(dǎo),充分利用語料庫提供的優(yōu)裕條件,注意發(fā)揮具有高度實證性的統(tǒng)計方法的作用,對現(xiàn)代漢語偏正復(fù)句的句序變異,進(jìn)行全面、深入、細(xì)致的考察和探析,力圖從句法、語義、語用、認(rèn)知等層面揭示其句序變異規(guī)律。 全文由九章組成。 第一章為緒論,鳥瞰式地回顧漢語偏正復(fù)句句序研究概貌,對本文研究對象和研究目標(biāo)、語料來源和選擇處理、理論依托和方法運用給予適當(dāng)交待,以及對本文基本結(jié)構(gòu)給予必要說明。 第二至第八章為正文。第二章對本文基礎(chǔ)性概念,包括偏正復(fù)句的界定和分類、形合偏正復(fù)句與意合偏正復(fù)句、常規(guī)句序與變異句序等,給予必要交待；同時對為什么選擇黃伯榮、廖序東(2007)的復(fù)句分類系統(tǒng)和程祥徽(2002)的語體系統(tǒng),給予必要解釋。第三至第七章,按因果復(fù)句、假設(shè)復(fù)句、條件復(fù)句、轉(zhuǎn)折復(fù)句、目的復(fù)句的次第,在概略回顧以往專項研究情況以及簡要說明本文專項研究所涉概念之后,對現(xiàn)代漢語偏正復(fù)句的句序變異,進(jìn)行了全方位、深層次、細(xì)致入微的考察和探析。第八章為綜論,以前五章分類考察為基礎(chǔ),對造成漢語偏正復(fù)句語句變異的主要動因和內(nèi)外條件,加以歸納和抽象,揭示其中的普遍規(guī)律。 第九章為結(jié)語,概述偏正復(fù)句句序變異研究的學(xué)術(shù)意義和實用意義,指出它除了對于漢語復(fù)句的理論研究具有促進(jìn)和深化作用外,同時對于文章寫作、外文翻譯以及語言教學(xué)等實踐活動,亦具有重要指導(dǎo)價值。該章并對缺憾之處以及今后打算作了說明。 本文研究主要表現(xiàn)出以下四個特點：一是充分利用語料庫——本文研究始終是以語料庫為基礎(chǔ),除了充分利用了北大中文系提供的綜合語料庫(CCL),同時還充分利用了筆者個人創(chuàng)設(shè)的分體(語體)語料庫。二是注意考察對象的語體分布——鑒于言語通過語體表現(xiàn)而語體影響語用,本文對所有用例的考察,都是始終與語體分布相聯(lián)系。三是堅持以數(shù)據(jù)說明問題——本文關(guān)于常規(guī)句序與變異句序的鑒別,關(guān)于不同句序變異頻率的考察,關(guān)于句序動因和條件的探析,等等,均以統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)為支柱。四是重視理論價值向?qū)嵺`價值的轉(zhuǎn)化——本文探索有助于深化漢語復(fù)句研究。而本文沒有停留于此,通過考察有關(guān)結(jié)論在文章寫作、外文翻譯以及語言教學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的利用,努力做到“知”與“行”的統(tǒng)一。 在全面考察和深入探析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文得出以下研究結(jié)論： 1.漢語書面語中的因果復(fù)句通常表現(xiàn)為前偏后正,而漢語口語中則通常表現(xiàn)為前正后偏。 2.漢語偏正復(fù)句的句序受到多方面因素的影響,前后照應(yīng)、語意突出、陌生追求、急不擇語、外文直譯,等等,乃是造成句序變異的主要原因。 3.對于漢語偏正復(fù)句句序表現(xiàn)來說,結(jié)構(gòu)形式、語用預(yù)設(shè)、語體分布等,亦不無影響。 4.漢語偏正復(fù)句不同類型的句序變異頻率有高有低,由低到高可以歸納為如下連續(xù)統(tǒng)：假設(shè)復(fù)句轉(zhuǎn)折復(fù)句條件復(fù)句因果復(fù)句目的復(fù)句。 5.漢語偏正復(fù)句的句序變異直接受到語體影響,以文字為媒介的語體,由低到高可以歸納為如下連續(xù)統(tǒng)：法律語體新聞?wù)Z體科學(xué)語體政治語體藝術(shù)語體日常交際語體。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the study of sentence order of Chinese complex sentences has shown a trend of diversification in perspectives and methods, and has made rapid progress. Inspired by this, this paper, guided by the theories of pragmatics, stylistics, text linguistics, cognitive linguistics and other emerging disciplines, makes full use of the favorable conditions provided by the corpus and pays attention to giving full play to the highly empirical unity. The function of the calculating method is to make a comprehensive, thorough and detailed investigation and analysis of the sentence order variation of the partial positive complex sentences in modern Chinese, trying to reveal the law of sentence order variation from the syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and cognitive levels.
The full text is composed of nine chapters.
The first chapter is the introduction, which reviews the general situation of the research on the sentence order of Chinese partial-orthodox complex sentences from a bird's-eye view. It gives a proper explanation of the research object, the research objective, the source and selection of the corpus, the theoretical support and the application of the methods, and the basic structure of this paper.
Chapter 2 to Chapter 8 are the main body of this paper. Chapter 2 gives necessary explanations on the basic concepts of this paper, including the definition and classification of partial positive complex sentences, hypotaxis partial positive complex sentences and parataxis partial positive complex sentences, conventional sentence order and variant sentence order, etc. Chapters 3 to 7, according to the order of causal complex sentences, hypothetical complex sentences, conditional complex sentences, transitional complex sentences and target complex sentences, make a comprehensive, deep and detailed study of the variation of sentence order in modern Chinese after a brief review of previous studies and a brief description of the concepts involved in this study. Chapter 8 is an overview. Based on the previous five chapters, this paper summarizes and abstracts the main motivations and internal and external conditions that cause the variations of the sentences in Chinese partial-orthodox complex sentences, and reveals the universal laws.
Chapter 9 is a concluding remark, which summarizes the academic and practical significance of the study on the variation of the sentence order of partial positive complex sentences, and points out that it not only promotes and deepens the theoretical study of Chinese complex sentences, but also has important guiding value for the practical activities such as article writing, foreign language translation and language teaching. The plan is explained later.
This paper mainly shows the following four characteristics: first, make full use of the corpus - this study is always based on the corpus, in addition to making full use of the comprehensive corpus (CCL) provided by the Chinese Department of Peking University, but also make full use of the author's own separate (stylistic) corpus. In view of the fact that speech influences pragmatics through its stylistic expression, this paper examines all use cases in a way that is always related to stylistic distribution. Fourthly, we should attach importance to the transformation from theoretical value to practical value, which is helpful to deepen the study of Chinese complex sentences.
On the basis of thorough investigation and thorough analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. Causal complex sentences in written Chinese are usually anterior and posterior, while in spoken Chinese they are usually anterior and posterior.
2. The sentence order of Chinese partial-regular complex sentences is influenced by many factors, such as antecedent and posterior reference, prominent semantics, strange pursuit, impatience in choosing words, literal translation of foreign languages, and so on.
3. The structure, pragmatic presupposition and stylistic distribution of Chinese partial-positive complex sentences also have an impact on their sentence order.
4. The frequency of sentence order variation of different types of Chinese partial-positive complex sentences is high or low. From low to high, it can be concluded as the following continuum: the complex sentences with the supposition that the complex sentences turn into the complex sentences with the conditional complex sentences and the cause-effect complex sentences.
5. The variation of the sentence order of Chinese partial-regular complex sentence is directly influenced by the style. The style of writing as a medium can be summarized as the following continuum: legal style news style science style political style art style daily communicative style.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2240955