【摘要】：一般來說,沒有實在意義,不能單獨回答問題的,不能單獨充當句子成分的詞叫做虛詞。藏語虛詞分了三個類,即格助詞、自由和不自由虛詞。虛詞是“實詞”的對稱,它雖然不能單獨充當句子成分,但同句子內部結構密切聯系,一個虛詞譯得不準會直接影響到句意翻譯的準確性。虛詞在句中的使用頻率很高、語法作用非常大,所以對它的把握不可忽視。藏文句子的語意關系,大部分由語法虛詞來實現的。翻譯時,如果把虛詞的語法作用沒有理解清楚,句意必定會出現偏差甚至誤譯。所以,在翻譯實踐中為了確保譯文的準確性,就要特別注意對虛詞翻譯的把握性。漢藏民族歷史文化傳統不盡相同,漢藏語言傳達的文化信息不盡一致。從兩個民族的文化進行比較和分析,可以看出,文化差異決定了漢藏語言的差異,在翻譯過程中遇到困難的往往不是語言結構本身,而是在十語言涉及到的文化因素的把握上。在跨文化語言交流過程中,漢藏兩種語言體系所承載的文化信息往往出現完全重疊,部分重疊、文化空缺甚至沖突的現象。本文在藏族語法理論基礎上,以培根《論人生》的藏譯為實例,對漢語和藏語中的常見虛詞作了詳細比較,對通過把握虛詞翻譯句子的方法作了探究,并得出了自己的觀點和方法。 本論文共分為五部分：第一部分為前言,主要闡述了研究課題的基本內容和目的意義,以及研究現狀。第二部分簡略論述了藏語和漢語同屬漢藏語系,有眾多共同特征。但是,它們屬于兩個不同的語族,漢語屬于漢語族,藏語則屬于藏緬語族,在發(fā)音,詞匯或者語法等方面存在很多差別。特別論述了在翻譯實踐中通過把握虛詞翻譯句子的重要方法。第三部分分析了藏語自由虛詞與漢語中相應虛詞的對應關系,并進行了比較。第四部分在虛詞比較的基礎上,進一步論述了翻譯時把握虛詞的重要性,語法虛詞不僅不“虛”而且它的重要性遠在實詞之上。第五部分為結束語,對本文課題的研究工作作了總結,同時作了一些必要的說明。
[Abstract]:In general, words that have no real meaning and cannot answer questions alone are called function words. Tibetan function words are divided into three categories, namely, case auxiliary words, free and non-free function words. Function words are the symmetry of "notional words". Although they cannot act as sentence elements alone, they are closely related to the internal structure of the sentence, and the inaccuracy of translation of a function word will directly affect the accuracy of the translation of sentence meaning. The function word is used frequently in the sentence and plays a very important role in grammar, so we can not ignore it. The semantic relations of Tibetan sentences are mostly realized by grammatical function words. In translation, if the grammatical function of the function word is not understood clearly, the meaning of the sentence is bound to deviate or even mistranslate. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the translation, we should pay special attention to the understanding of the translation of function words. The history and culture traditions of Han-Tibetan nationality are different, and the cultural information conveyed by Han-Tibetan language is not consistent. From the comparison and analysis of the cultures of the two peoples, we can see that cultural differences determine the differences between Chinese and Tibetan languages. In the process of translation, it is not the language structure itself but the cultural factors involved in the ten languages that are often encountered in the process of translation. In the process of intercultural communication, the cultural information carried by the Chinese and Tibetan language systems often appears the phenomenon of complete overlap, partial overlap, cultural vacancy and even conflict. Based on the Tibetan grammatical theory and taking the Tibetan translation of Bacon on Life as an example, this paper makes a detailed comparison between the common function words in Chinese and Tibetan, and probes into the method of understanding the translation of function sentences. And has obtained own viewpoint and the method. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the preface, mainly elaborated the basic content, the purpose significance and the research present situation of the research subject. The second part briefly discusses that Tibetan and Chinese belong to Chinese and Tibetan languages, and have many common features. However, they belong to two different language families, Chinese belongs to Chinese and Tibetan belongs to Tibetan and Burmese, and there are many differences in pronunciation, vocabulary or grammar. In particular, this paper discusses the important methods of translating functional words into sentences in translation practice. The third part analyzes the correspondence between the Tibetan free function words and the corresponding function words in Chinese, and compares them. On the basis of the comparison of function words, the fourth part further discusses the importance of grasping function words in translation. Grammatical function words are not only "empty" but also far more important than notional words. The fifth part is the conclusion, the research work of this paper is summarized, and some necessary explanations are also given.
【學位授予單位】：西北民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H214

【共引文獻】

相關期刊論文 前4條

1 凌立 ,拉都;論漢藏成語的文化差異與翻譯[J];康定民族師范高等�？茖W校學報;2001年01期

2 達哇才讓;;略談《水滸全傳》藏譯本之翻譯技巧[J];民族翻譯;2009年02期

3 達哇才讓;;關于《水滸全傳》藏譯本翻譯中的幾個問題[J];民族翻譯;2010年02期

4 益西拉姆;王瑜;秦艷;;藏漢諺語翻譯中語言文化的處理方法[J];四川民族學院學報;2013年05期

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 旦志旺杰;《西藏王臣記》兩種漢譯本翻譯比較研究[D];西藏大學;2013年

2 索南措;漢藏諺語的特征及譯法研究[D];西藏大學;2013年

，

本文編號：2237720