【摘要】：本論文依據(jù)極言理論和范疇理論從物質(zhì)性實(shí)體詞角度進(jìn)行漢語極言和英語極言的對(duì)比研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)和解釋兩種語言存在的共性與差異。 無論在漢語還是英語里，指稱自然存在物的詞語大多本身就具有極性意義并且同一實(shí)體詞在不同范疇下的不同屬性都可能存在多重極性意義。一個(gè)指稱實(shí)體對(duì)象的詞語，可能某部分的屬性義在英語和漢語里同時(shí)具有極性意義，而某部分的屬性義或者在英語里不具有極性意義或者在漢語里不具有極性意義。 漢語詞匯和英語詞匯中指稱自然天體的實(shí)體詞的極性意義非常豐富，在數(shù)量范疇、時(shí)間范疇、空間范疇下都具有極性屬性義，且兩種文化都在社會(huì)范疇下賦予這些詞以極性意義。中西文化都認(rèn)識(shí)到海洋在深度范疇和空間范疇的極性屬性，但中國人民將海洋視為永恒存在者，相應(yīng)地漢語詞語也在時(shí)間范疇下?lián)碛袠O性意義。同樣的情況發(fā)生在對(duì)山體的認(rèn)知上，，因此指稱山體的漢語詞匯具有時(shí)間極性屬性義，而相應(yīng)的英語詞匯卻不具有時(shí)間極性屬性義。漢語和英語的動(dòng)物類和植物類實(shí)體性極言差異性很大，可以說差異性比共性明顯得多，尤其是植物類實(shí)體性極言。對(duì)于人體器官的各種極性屬性的認(rèn)識(shí)，兩種文化存在相當(dāng)多共性，而差異性較少，主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)心臟的思維功能的認(rèn)知上，漢語中指稱心臟的詞語在功能范疇上比英語中相應(yīng)的詞語的極性意義更豐富。 漢語極言與英語極言存在的共性與異性源于兩種文化思維的相似性與相異性。對(duì)于同一物質(zhì)性實(shí)體對(duì)象，從不同范疇不同屬性角度，會(huì)產(chǎn)生截然不同的認(rèn)識(shí)結(jié)果，這種結(jié)果會(huì)直接導(dǎo)致語言形式和涵義的多種多樣。地理環(huán)境、歷史及人文方面的差異導(dǎo)致漢語與英語里的極言在具體內(nèi)容上有很大的不同。 本論文共分為五部分。第一部分為緒論。第二部分介紹了什么是極言及極言的范疇特征和認(rèn)知機(jī)制。第三部分探討了漢英文化中關(guān)于自然實(shí)體的極性屬性的認(rèn)知共性與差異。第四部分是漢語與英語中指稱自然實(shí)體的極言的對(duì)比。最后一部分為總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of polar theory and category theory, this thesis makes a comparative study of Chinese polar words and English extreme words from the perspective of material substantive words, and finds out and explains the similarities and differences between the two languages. In both Chinese and English, most of the words referring to natural beings have polar meanings and the different attributes of the same substantive words in different categories may have multi-polar meanings. A word referring to a substantive object may have the attribute meaning of some part in English and Chinese at the same time, while the attribute meaning of some part is either not polar meaning in English or polar meaning in Chinese. The polar meanings of substantive words referring to natural objects in Chinese vocabulary and English vocabulary are very rich. They all have polar attribute meanings in the categories of quantity, time and space. And both cultures give these words polar meanings in the context of society. Both Chinese and Western cultures recognize the polar attributes of the ocean in the category of depth and space, but the Chinese people regard the ocean as an eternal being, and correspondingly Chinese words have polar meanings in the context of time. The same situation occurs in the cognition of the mountain body, so the Chinese words referring to the mountain body have temporal polarity attribute meaning, but the corresponding English vocabulary does not have the temporal polarity attribute meaning. There is a great difference between Chinese and English animals and plants, which can be said to be much more obvious than the commonality, especially the plant substance. For the understanding of various polar attributes of human organs, there are quite a lot of commonalities between the two cultures, but there are few differences, which are mainly reflected in the cognition of the thinking function of the heart. The words referring to the heart in Chinese have more polarity than the corresponding words in English. The commonness and heterogeneity of Chinese and English polar words originate from the similarities and differences between the two cultures. For the same material entity object, different cognitive results can be produced from different categories and different attributes, which will directly lead to a variety of language forms and meanings. The differences in geography, history and humanities lead to great differences between Chinese and English in terms of content. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part introduces the category characteristics and cognitive mechanism of extreme speech and extreme speech. The third part discusses the cognitive commonness and difference of the polarity attribute of natural entity in Chinese and English culture. The fourth part is the comparison between Chinese and English referring to natural entities. The last part is a summary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H195

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 盧衛(wèi)中;人體隱喻化的認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)[J];外語教學(xué);2003年06期

本文編號(hào)：2134945