《“青春期”撞上更年期》中的沖突性話語分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 11:31
【摘要】：社會中存在著各種各樣的沖突。在日常語言交際中，人們有時可以做到求同存異，以一種寬容的心態(tài)接納他人的觀點；有時，卻恰恰相反，只一味的固守自己的看法，不能容納他人的語言、行為、思想和習慣，從而產(chǎn)生話語沖突。沖突性話語是一種不和諧的語言現(xiàn)象，應該予以避免、弱化至終止。 沖突性話語有狹義和廣義之分。狹義指某種言語行為，廣義指一個言語交流過程。作為一種非常普遍但是及其復雜的社會語言現(xiàn)象，沖突性話語在各個年齡群體中均會發(fā)生，其研究也已經(jīng)廣泛深入眾多領域。然而，在目前國內(nèi)外的研究中，有關青年期和更年期兩個群體間沖突性話語的探究幾乎沒有。 當處于“青春滯后期”還未成熟的青年人與更年期敏感的中年人相逢時，他們之間的交流往往不是很順利，沖突性話語頻繁發(fā)生。本文主要基于言語行為理論和不禮貌理論，從大陸電視劇《“青春期”撞上更年期》中收集語料，在中國傳統(tǒng)文化背景下結合兩個群體所處的特殊生命階段的固有特點和社會心理特征，對沖突性話語進行定性和定量的語用分析。從而，對沖突性話語探究的范圍和內(nèi)容進行擴展和豐富。 鑒于沖突性話語的序列結構特點，本文對劇中126個沖突對話按照起始、發(fā)展和終止三個序列進行分析，其中起始部分作為重點分析序列。 起始和發(fā)展序列主要分析觸發(fā)沖突的言語行為和沖突回應�？偟膩砜�，沖突性話語大多由中年人觸發(fā)。三類主要的觸發(fā)言語行為有指責、斷言和要求。其中，指責占有最高比例，達38.1%，其它分別占34.9%、18.3%。據(jù)不禮貌理論中的沖突回應框架，與此處觸發(fā)沖突的三類不禮貌言語行為相對應的攻擊性反駁中，否定和否定加解釋各占39.1%，是占有較高比例的兩種主要形式。這種回應方式往往加劇沖突。辯護性反駁則主要包括解釋和反問兩種形式，分別占65.8%和74.2%。由于此回應方式中有較直接和較間接兩種反駁形式，因此，辯護性反駁可能加劇也可能弱化沖突。通常，中年人由于具有年齡身份和權勢的優(yōu)勢，會經(jīng)常使用攻擊性反駁。而處于青年期的年輕人，由于言行易情緒化，他們有時也會選擇辯護性反駁中相對直接的具有攻擊性的反問形式。但身為晚輩，他們的言行還是受到了根深蒂固的中華傳統(tǒng)文化的影響，即傾向于選擇比較間接的辯護性回應，提供一些理由來緩和對抗以示對長輩的尊重。有些沖突性話語終止前并沒有沖突升級的發(fā)展階段，這些只占約16.7%。在結束序列中，沖突性話語終止的形式有六種：不分勝負式、第三方涉入式、一方妥協(xié)式、話題轉換式、非言語退出式和幽默表達式。其中，不分勝負式占最高比例，達42.6%。由于兩個群體在沖突中往往各執(zhí)己見，不能以一種科學有效的方式進行和解，因此，雙方不分勝負，沖突經(jīng)常被擱置。其原因與他們的群體性特點是密不可分的。其次，第三方涉入式占37%。因為本文所研究的沖突性話語大都發(fā)生在在家庭這個場景，所以，其他家庭成員的介入不可避免。最后，一方妥協(xié)式占20.4%。盡管家庭沖突不可避免，，但絕大多數(shù)中國人有著較強的維護家庭穩(wěn)定的觀念。沖突的一方或雙方一般會主動妥協(xié)消解沖突。 家長和孩子之間總是存在著一定的代溝和不可避免的沖突。和諧的家庭關系勝過一切，這是雙方都應該牢記在心的一個觀念。彼此應該學會在互相尊重和信任的基礎上進行有效的協(xié)調進而和解沖突。
[Abstract]:There are various conflicts in society. In the daily language communication, people can sometimes seek common ground and save differences, accept others' views with a tolerant attitude; sometimes, on the contrary, only stick to their own views, and can not hold other people's language, behavior, thought and habit, thus creating conflict of discourse. It is a disharmonious language phenomenon, which should be avoided and weakened to the end.
Conflict discourse has a narrow and broad sense. Narrow meaning refers to a kind of speech act, which refers to a process of speech communication. As a very common but complex social language phenomenon, Conflict Discourse occurs in all ages and has been widely studied in many fields. However, in the current domestic and foreign research, There are few researches on Conflict Discourse between two groups of youth and menopause.
When young people who are still immature in the late period of youth meet with the sensitive middle-aged men of menopause, the communication between them is often not very smooth and the Conflict Discourse occurs frequently. This article is based on the theory of speech act and the impolite theory. In the context of cultural background, it combines the inherent characteristics and social psychological characteristics of the special life stages of the two groups to hedge the qualitative and quantitative pragmatic analysis of the discursive discourse, thus expanding and enriching the scope and content of the inquiry of hedging utterance.
In view of the sequence structure characteristics of the conflict discourse, this paper analyzes the 126 conflict dialogues in the play according to the beginning, development and termination of the three sequences, in which the starting part is the key analysis sequence.
The initial and development sequences mainly analyze the verbal and conflict responses that trigger conflicts. In general, most of the conflict discourse is triggered by middle-aged people. The three main types of trigger speech acts are accusations, assertions and requirements. Among them, the highest proportion of accusations, 38.1%, and the other 34.9%, and 18.3%. according to the conflict response framework in the impolite theory, In the offensive refutation of the three types of impolite speech acts triggered by the conflict, the negative and negative plus explanation accounts for 39.1%, which is the two main form of a higher proportion. This response tends to aggravate the conflict. The defense refutation mainly includes two forms of interpretation and refutation, accounting for 65.8% and 74.2%., respectively, due to the response party. There are more direct and more indirect forms of Refutation in the formula, so the defensive refutation may be exacerbated and may weaken the conflict. Usually, the middle-aged people often use aggressive rebuttal because of their age and power, and young people in the youth period are sometimes chosen as the opposite of the defensive rebuttal because of their easy feelings. Direct and aggressive rhetorical form, but as a later generation, their words and deeds are influenced by the deep-rooted traditional Chinese culture, which tend to choose a more indirect defense response and provide some reasons to mitigate the respect of the elders. There are only six forms of terminating 16.7%. in the end sequence: the terminating of conflict discourse, third party involvement, one party compromise, topic conversion, nonverbal withdrawal, and humorous expression. Among them, the highest percentage is the highest, reaching 42.6%. because the two groups tend to have their own views in the conflict and cannot be one of them. A scientific and effective way to reconcile, therefore, the two sides are not divided, and conflicts are often shelved. The reasons are inseparable from their group characteristics. Secondly, the third party involvement is 37%. because the Conflict Discourse studied in this article is mostly in the family scene, so the intervention of other family members is inevitable. After that, a compromise in the 20.4%., although the family conflict is inevitable, the overwhelming majority of Chinese people have a strong sense of maintaining family stability. One or both of the conflicts will generally compromise to dissolve the conflict.
There is always a certain generation gap and inevitable conflict between parents and children. A harmonious family relationship is better than everything. This is an idea that both sides should keep in mind. We should learn to coordinate effectively and reconcile the conflict on the basis of mutual respect and trust.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H13
本文編號：2121512
[Abstract]:There are various conflicts in society. In the daily language communication, people can sometimes seek common ground and save differences, accept others' views with a tolerant attitude; sometimes, on the contrary, only stick to their own views, and can not hold other people's language, behavior, thought and habit, thus creating conflict of discourse. It is a disharmonious language phenomenon, which should be avoided and weakened to the end.
Conflict discourse has a narrow and broad sense. Narrow meaning refers to a kind of speech act, which refers to a process of speech communication. As a very common but complex social language phenomenon, Conflict Discourse occurs in all ages and has been widely studied in many fields. However, in the current domestic and foreign research, There are few researches on Conflict Discourse between two groups of youth and menopause.
When young people who are still immature in the late period of youth meet with the sensitive middle-aged men of menopause, the communication between them is often not very smooth and the Conflict Discourse occurs frequently. This article is based on the theory of speech act and the impolite theory. In the context of cultural background, it combines the inherent characteristics and social psychological characteristics of the special life stages of the two groups to hedge the qualitative and quantitative pragmatic analysis of the discursive discourse, thus expanding and enriching the scope and content of the inquiry of hedging utterance.
In view of the sequence structure characteristics of the conflict discourse, this paper analyzes the 126 conflict dialogues in the play according to the beginning, development and termination of the three sequences, in which the starting part is the key analysis sequence.
The initial and development sequences mainly analyze the verbal and conflict responses that trigger conflicts. In general, most of the conflict discourse is triggered by middle-aged people. The three main types of trigger speech acts are accusations, assertions and requirements. Among them, the highest proportion of accusations, 38.1%, and the other 34.9%, and 18.3%. according to the conflict response framework in the impolite theory, In the offensive refutation of the three types of impolite speech acts triggered by the conflict, the negative and negative plus explanation accounts for 39.1%, which is the two main form of a higher proportion. This response tends to aggravate the conflict. The defense refutation mainly includes two forms of interpretation and refutation, accounting for 65.8% and 74.2%., respectively, due to the response party. There are more direct and more indirect forms of Refutation in the formula, so the defensive refutation may be exacerbated and may weaken the conflict. Usually, the middle-aged people often use aggressive rebuttal because of their age and power, and young people in the youth period are sometimes chosen as the opposite of the defensive rebuttal because of their easy feelings. Direct and aggressive rhetorical form, but as a later generation, their words and deeds are influenced by the deep-rooted traditional Chinese culture, which tend to choose a more indirect defense response and provide some reasons to mitigate the respect of the elders. There are only six forms of terminating 16.7%. in the end sequence: the terminating of conflict discourse, third party involvement, one party compromise, topic conversion, nonverbal withdrawal, and humorous expression. Among them, the highest percentage is the highest, reaching 42.6%. because the two groups tend to have their own views in the conflict and cannot be one of them. A scientific and effective way to reconcile, therefore, the two sides are not divided, and conflicts are often shelved. The reasons are inseparable from their group characteristics. Secondly, the third party involvement is 37%. because the Conflict Discourse studied in this article is mostly in the family scene, so the intervention of other family members is inevitable. After that, a compromise in the 20.4%., although the family conflict is inevitable, the overwhelming majority of Chinese people have a strong sense of maintaining family stability. One or both of the conflicts will generally compromise to dissolve the conflict.
There is always a certain generation gap and inevitable conflict between parents and children. A harmonious family relationship is better than everything. This is an idea that both sides should keep in mind. We should learn to coordinate effectively and reconcile the conflict on the basis of mutual respect and trust.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H13
【引證文獻】
相關碩士學位論文 前1條
1 王寶霞;不禮貌語言的語用策略及語用功能[D];四川外國語大學;2013年
本文編號：2121512
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