本文選題：人體器官 + 人體隱喻��； 參考：《西安外國語大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們認識世界都是由簡到繁、由具象到抽象，通過人們已經(jīng)熟悉的事物來認識未知的事物，這是人們認知的規(guī)律。而與人類最熟悉的也莫過于人體本身，根據(jù)人體器官的位置和功能來指稱一些與這些特征類似的事物域、抽象域和其他領(lǐng)域。在漢英語中，存在著大量人體詞匯，這些詞匯是形成隱喻化的基礎(chǔ)。人類生理構(gòu)造及身體經(jīng)歷不可避免地被人類用于認識客觀世界。人體隱喻認知是人類認知世界的基本方式之一。隱喻作為一種語言現(xiàn)象，是人類表達的重要形式。語言的表達方式反映思維的認知方式。因此語言、思維與隱喻密不可分。人體隱喻其實質(zhì)就是用人體域來解釋說明其他概念域。人類最先是以人本身為參照點來認識客觀世界的。體認是最直接認識事物和世界的方式。人體隱喻是上古先民對自身的了解來類推外部世界,體現(xiàn)了人與世界的互動。本文運用認知語言學(xué)的相關(guān)知識,對漢英語中的人體詞匯和熟語這些語料進行分析,分析漢英語人體隱喻的共性和差異,來揭示語言現(xiàn)象背后所體現(xiàn)的不同的民族文化心理的以及產(chǎn)生的原因。本文主要從“頭、臉、心、口、足”五個身體部位來進行對比研究。通過對比分析,得出漢英人體隱喻存在共性和差異。存在共性的主要原因是漢英語有共同的生理基礎(chǔ)及相似的認知過程——體認，通過身體經(jīng)驗去理解和認識世界。不同之處就是不同的民族所使用的人體隱喻打著深深的文化烙印,主要體現(xiàn)在不對應(yīng)性和空缺性上。而這些差異是由于不同的地域環(huán)境、民族文化等所引起的。本文是從地域、文化背景、思維視角等因素的闡釋，，得出漢英語的人體隱喻的表達有所差異這個結(jié)論。希望通過本文的研究，對人體熟語和人體詞匯的研究起到一定的幫助，對跨文化交際、詞匯學(xué)、翻譯學(xué)、對比語言學(xué)起到補充和發(fā)展作用。
[Abstract]:People know the world from simplicity to complexity, from concrete to abstract, through familiar things to know unknown things, this is the law of cognition. What is most familiar with human body is the human body itself. According to the position and function of human organs, it refers to the domain of things similar to these characteristics, abstract domain and other fields. In Chinglish, there are a large number of human vocabulary, which is the basis of metaphorical formation. Human physiological structure and physical experience are inevitably used to understand the objective world. Human metaphorical cognition is one of the basic ways of human cognition of the world. Metaphor, as a linguistic phenomenon, is an important form of human expression. The expression of language reflects the cognitive way of thinking. Therefore, language, thinking and metaphor are inseparable. The essence of human body metaphor is to explain other concept domains by human body domain. Human beings are the first to understand the objective world from the point of view of man himself. Recognition is the most direct way to understand things and the world. Human metaphor is the ancient people's understanding of their own analogy to the external world, reflecting the interaction between man and the world. Based on the relevant knowledge of cognitive linguistics, this paper analyzes the human body vocabulary and idioms in Chinese and English, and analyzes the similarities and differences of human metaphors in Chinese and English. To reveal the different national and cultural psychology behind the linguistic phenomenon and the causes. This article mainly from "head, face, heart, mouth, foot" five body parts to carry on the comparative study. Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that there are similarities and differences between Chinese and English human body metaphors. The main reason for the commonness is that Chinglish has a common physiological basis and a similar cognitive process, which is to understand and understand the world through physical experience. The difference is that the human metaphors used by different nationalities are deeply marked by culture, mainly reflected in the incongruity and vacancy. These differences are caused by different regional environment, national culture and so on. This paper draws a conclusion that there are differences in the expression of human metaphors in Chinese and English from the perspective of region, cultural background and thinking perspective. It is hoped that this study will be helpful to the study of human idioms and human vocabulary and complement and develop cross-cultural communication lexicology translation and contrastive linguistics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H15;H315

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本文編號：2087257