本文選題：法言 + 動詞�。� 參考：《陜西師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：《法言》是一部哲學對話體著作,作者為西漢東漢之交的揚雄。其主要內(nèi)容是用儒家觀點駁斥諸子之說及當時有悖于“圣人之數(shù)”的言行。它采用問答的形式,較好地保存了當時的口語,具有較高的語料研究價值。 本文以《法言》動詞為研究對象,對其進行了窮盡式地分析和描寫,總共歸納出動詞663個,將其分為三大類十個小類,對它們各自的語法特點進行了全面地分析描寫。 本文第一部分對《法言》的成書時間、注本及版本流傳、動詞研究的現(xiàn)狀及研究方法和意義進行了介紹。指出《法言》是一部能較好反映漢代語法的傳世文獻,但學界對其語言文字,尤其是動詞用法的研究還很不夠,值得對其進行深入細致地研究。 第二部分根據(jù)動詞研究的相關(guān)理論,確定《法言》動詞的判定標準是“詞匯·語法范疇”,即應該堅持句法標準和意義標準相統(tǒng)一的原則。并且確定了動詞與名詞、形容詞的區(qū)分標準。 第三部分對《法言》中的動詞進行了語法分析。按照動詞本身的特點,我們先將《法言》中的動詞分為三大類：不及物動詞、及物動詞和能愿動詞。不及物動詞又分為行為動詞、趨止動詞、心理動詞和狀態(tài)動詞四個小類；及物動詞又分為行為動詞、感知動詞、存現(xiàn)動詞、類同動詞、使令動詞五個小類。分別從其充當謂語時主語的類別、賓語的類別及與賓語的關(guān)系等角度對它們進行了語法分析。接著,對《法言》動詞作句子成分的情況及其前的修飾成分進行了分析。最后,分析了《法言》中幾種特殊的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)�？梢哉f對《法言》中出現(xiàn)的動詞進行了較為全面地語法分析。
[Abstract]:Dharma is a philosophical dialogue written by Yang Xiong at the turn of the Eastern Han Dynasty in the Western Han Dynasty. The main content is to refute the words and deeds of the philosophers and the number of saints at that time. It adopts the form of question and answer, which preserves the spoken language at that time, and has higher research value of corpus. In this paper, the verbs are analyzed and described in an exhaustive way, and 663 verbs are summed up, which are divided into three categories and ten subcategories, and their grammatical characteristics are analyzed and described in a comprehensive way. In the first part of this paper, the author introduces the time of completion of the book, the circulation of notes and editions, the present situation of verb research, and the research methods and significance. It is pointed out that Fa Yan is a handed down document which can well reflect the grammar of the Han Dynasty, but the study of its language and characters, especially the use of verbs, is not enough in academic circles, and it is worth studying in depth and meticulous. In the second part, according to the relevant theories of verb research, the criterion of determining the verb is "lexical grammatical category", that is, the principle of the unity of syntactic standard and meaning standard should be adhered to. And has determined the verb and the noun, the adjective distinction standard. In the third part, the grammatical analysis of verbs in Fa Yan is made. According to the characteristics of verbs, we divide the verbs into three categories: intransitive verbs, transitive verbs and capacitive verbs. Intransitive verbs are divided into four subcategories: action verbs, static verbs, psychological verbs and state verbs, while transitive verbs are divided into five subcategories: behavioral verbs, perceptual verbs, existential verbs, similar verbs, and so on. The grammatical analysis is carried out from the aspects of the category of the subject, the category of the object and the relation between the object and the predicate. Then, the paper analyzes the situation of verbs as sentence components and their former modifiers. Finally, several special verb structures in Fa Yan are analyzed. It can be said that the verbs in Fa Yan are analyzed in a more comprehensive way.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H141

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本文編號：2051321