本文選題：概數(shù)詞 + 約量　； 參考：《華中師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：世界上有兩百多個國家,有很多的民族。很多國家和民族都用自己獨特的語言來表達思想和感情。語言對于人類社會來說具有兩種功能。一是交際工具,二是思維工具。沒有語言,人與人之間無法溝通,彼此無法交流思想,社會就無法進行生產(chǎn)活動,進而便不可能有更多發(fā)展。在一般的情況下,常常用阿拉伯數(shù)字來表示數(shù)量。但是,當數(shù)量是大約值的時候,在實際運用中便不能只用阿拉伯數(shù)字表達。 這樣一種模糊大致的量叫作約量。約量的概念是：“約量是指由一些特征鮮明的成員跟若干個相關(guān)成分構(gòu)成的一個模糊數(shù)量的集合”。由于客觀事物間的范圍模糊不清和人類認知的局限性,并且有很多情況是雖然知道實際數(shù)字但不必使用準確數(shù)字,所以在語言上產(chǎn)生了約量、概數(shù)。 在漢語中有用一些詞語來表達概數(shù)的方法。概數(shù)是指大概的數(shù),就是大概準確的數(shù)字。概數(shù)并不是正確值,概數(shù)可以有些許的差異。概數(shù)具有一定可靠性與可參考的價值。在平時日常生活中,對于無法使用準確數(shù)字加以表達的數(shù)量,通常會用一個大致的范圍加以估計,例如“左右”、“上下”、“大概”、“大約”等的表達,都和概數(shù)有關(guān)。舉例來說,“現(xiàn)在差不多12點”、“5年1班學生平均身高為140公分左右”這些都是我們在日常生活當中經(jīng)常會使用到的概數(shù)用語。 因為韓語和漢語所屬的語系不同,所以概數(shù)的表達也存在著一些差異。 本文旨在研究中韓兩國語言的概數(shù)表達形式。筆者在學習和生活中,發(fā)現(xiàn)中韓兩國的年輕人對彼此國家的文化和語言很感興趣,但在概數(shù)的使用上存在一些偏誤。所以,希望本論文能給予一些這方面的幫助或者指導。
[Abstract]:There are more than 200 countries and many nationalities in the world. Many countries and nations express their thoughts and feelings in their own unique language. Language has two functions for human society. One is the communication tool, the other is the thinking tool. Without language, people can't communicate, they can't communicate with each other, society can't carry out productive activities, and then there can be no further development. In general, the number is often expressed in Arabic numerals. However, when the quantity is approximate, it can not be expressed in Arabic numerals. Such a vague approximate quantity is called a reduced quantity. The concept of reduced quantity is: "reduced quantity is a set of fuzzy quantities composed of some distinct members and several related components." Due to the ambiguity of the scope of objective things and the limitation of human cognition, and because of the fact that we do not need to use exact numbers although we know the actual numbers, we have produced approximate and approximate numbers in language. A method of expressing an estimate by using some words in Chinese. An estimate refers to a general number, that is, an approximate and accurate number. The estimate is not the correct value, there can be a slight difference in the estimate. The estimate has certain reliability and reference value. In normal daily life, the amount that cannot be expressed with accurate numbers is usually estimated in a broad range, such as "left and right", "up and down", "roughly", "approximate", and so on, all of which are related to estimates. For example, "it's almost 12:00," and "the average height of class 1 for five years is about 140 centimeters." these are some of the approximate expressions we often use in our daily lives. Because Korean and Chinese belong to different languages, so there are some differences in the expression of estimates. The purpose of this paper is to study the expressions of approximate numbers in Chinese and Korean languages. In my study and life, I find that young people in China and Korea are very interested in the culture and language of each other, but there are some errors in the use of estimates. Therefore, I hope this paper can give some help or guidance in this respect.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146;H55

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