本文選題：中美 + 國家��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：“國家”概念是社會(huì)學(xué)的一個(gè)重要范疇,是由抽象概念(社會(huì),政治)到實(shí)質(zhì)概念(政權(quán),領(lǐng)土和人民)的過度者,它與我們每個(gè)人的生活都息息相關(guān),是人類社會(huì)存在和運(yùn)行的重要形式和推動(dòng)者,也是人類長期社會(huì)認(rèn)知活動(dòng)和實(shí)踐的重要成果。概念隱喻是認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的一個(gè)重要理論,是對(duì)人類認(rèn)知規(guī)律概括的結(jié)晶,它對(duì)人類的社會(huì)認(rèn)知活動(dòng)具有巨大指導(dǎo)作用,因此,本文運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的概念隱喻理論來分析國家概念,通過中美語言對(duì)比分析來概括出人們對(duì)國家概念的認(rèn)知方式的異同。 本文以選自于CCL和COCA兩大語料庫的中美兩國語言中含有的關(guān)于國家概念的隱喻表達(dá)為語料進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。參照Steen的五步法,本文將與國家概念有關(guān)的隱喻表達(dá)分別從語料中選取出來,而后采用Lakoff的概念隱喻理論來分析歸納始源域與目標(biāo)域之間的映射規(guī)律,歸納出了中美語言中的國家概念隱喻。漢語中選取了人,動(dòng)物,植物,容器,建筑,機(jī)器,自然力為始源域來理解國家概念；美語中選取了人,植物,建筑,機(jī)器和公司為始源域。 本文經(jīng)過對(duì)中美兩國語言中的國家概念隱喻的系統(tǒng)對(duì)比分析最終得出如下結(jié)論： 1.國家“隱喻”本質(zhì)上是一種從客觀世界中較具體的事物到較抽象的國家概念的有規(guī)律的概念映射,不同的概念隱喻用不同的事物對(duì)國家的不同要素(政權(quán)、人民、領(lǐng)土)進(jìn)行認(rèn)識(shí),在不同的概念隱喻中,概念映射的側(cè)重點(diǎn)也不同。 2.基于人類共同的體驗(yàn),中美選取了相似的始源域,但在整體相似的概念映射之下,中美又選取了各自不同的意象和表達(dá),比如家庭隱喻和機(jī)器隱喻。 3.由于社會(huì)文化等的不同,中美也有各自獨(dú)特的始源域,如漢語中的自然力和美語中的公司,這反映了二者不同的文化特點(diǎn)。4.國家概念隱喻具有認(rèn)知和社會(huì)政治作用,能夠在潛意識(shí)中影響人的思想及行為,同時(shí)對(duì)國家政策的制定和執(zhí)行也能起到很大作用。 分析中美兩國語言中的國家隱喻表達(dá)將有助于我們更好地理解“國家”在中美兩國社會(huì)中的作用及中美兩國人民對(duì)這一重要概念的理解,同時(shí)也可以驗(yàn)證概念隱喻理論的普遍性和民族性,及其在其他領(lǐng)域運(yùn)用的可行性,這將有助于我們理解中美兩種不同制度下的人們?cè)诶斫鈬腋拍罴捌溥\(yùn)作機(jī)制和政策方面的異同,有利于跨文化交流和合作,進(jìn)而對(duì)理解人類不同的認(rèn)知思維模式也做出貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The concept of "State" is an important aspect of sociology, an excess from abstract concepts (society, politics) to substantive concepts (regimes, territories and peoples), which are closely related to the lives of each and every one of us. It is an important form and promoter of the existence and operation of human society, and it is also an important achievement of human long-term social cognition activity and practice. Conceptual metaphor is an important theory of cognitive linguistics, it is the crystallization of the generalization of human cognitive laws, it has a great guiding role in human social cognitive activities, therefore, This paper uses the conceptual metaphor theory of cognitive linguistics to analyze the concept of nation and generalizes the similarities and differences of the cognitive style of the concept of nation through the contrastive analysis of Chinese and American languages. This paper makes a comparative study of the metaphorical expressions of the concept of state in the Chinese and American languages selected from the CCL and COCA corpora. Referring to Steen's five-step approach, this paper selects the metaphorical expressions related to the concept of country from the corpus, and then uses Lakoff's conceptual metaphor theory to analyze the mapping laws between the origin domain and the target domain. The conceptual metaphors of state in Chinese and American languages are summed up. In Chinese, people, animals, plants, containers, architecture, machines, and natural forces are chosen to understand the concept of state; in American, people, plants, architecture, machines and companies are chosen as the original domain. Based on a systematic comparative analysis of conceptual metaphors in Chinese and American languages, this thesis draws the following conclusions: 1. National metaphor is essentially a regular conceptual mapping from the more concrete things in the objective world to the more abstract concepts of the state. Different conceptual metaphors use different things to different elements of the country (regime, people, people, etc.) In different conceptual metaphors, the emphasis of conceptual mapping is also different. 2. Based on the common human experience, China and the United States choose the similar origin domain, but under the concept mapping of the whole similarity, China and the United States choose their own different images and expressions, such as family metaphor and machine metaphor. 3. Because of the different social culture, China and the United States have their own unique origins, such as the natural force in Chinese and the company in American language, which reflects their different cultural characteristics. Conceptual metaphor of the state has cognitive and socio-political functions, which can influence people's thoughts and behaviors subconsciously, and also play a great role in the formulation and implementation of national policies. An analysis of the expressions of national metaphors in the Chinese and American languages will help us better understand the role of the "state" in the society of China and the United States and the understanding of this important concept by the Chinese and the American people. At the same time, it can also prove the universality and nationality of conceptual metaphor theory, and the feasibility of its application in other fields. This will help us to understand the similarities and differences between the two systems in understanding the concept of the country and its operational mechanisms and policies. It will also be conducive to cross-cultural exchanges and cooperation, thus contributing to the understanding of different cognitive thinking patterns of human beings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H05

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本文編號(hào)：1793434