本文選題：鎮(zhèn)江方言 + 語法��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以筆者的家鄉(xiāng)話——鎮(zhèn)江方言為對(duì)象,描寫了鎮(zhèn)江方言中最具特色的構(gòu)詞、重疊、副詞這幾大語法問題,并與普通話進(jìn)行了比較。文章由以下幾部分構(gòu)成： 第一章緒論部分主要介紹鎮(zhèn)江市的人文歷史概況、方言概況以及鎮(zhèn)江方言研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法和意義。 第二章主要研究鎮(zhèn)江方言的構(gòu)詞中的附加及復(fù)合方式。鎮(zhèn)江方言詞匯的內(nèi)部構(gòu)造可分為單純?cè)~和合成詞,其中,合成詞是鎮(zhèn)江方言詞匯的主體,其構(gòu)造方式主要有附加法、復(fù)合法、重疊法三種。附加法指用附加的方式合成詞根和詞綴而造詞的方法。詞綴是一種構(gòu)詞標(biāo)記,它有成詞、轉(zhuǎn)類、變義和衍音作用。鎮(zhèn)江方言的派生詞有自己的特點(diǎn),由于受共同語的影響,鎮(zhèn)江方言中原有的詞綴在逐漸萎縮。我們根據(jù)詞綴位置分為前綴、后綴、中綴,共討論了以下典型鎮(zhèn)江方言詞綴：“老”、“小”、“二”、“經(jīng)”、“雪”、“透”、“繃”、“稀”；“子”、“頭”、“鬼”、“得慌”；“里”。復(fù)合法是指按一定的規(guī)則將詞根語素組合在起,構(gòu)造成復(fù)合詞。鎮(zhèn)江方言的復(fù)合詞構(gòu)成方式主要有聯(lián)合式、偏正式、主謂式、述賓式、述補(bǔ)式五種。 第三章研究鎮(zhèn)江方言中的一種重要語法手段——重疊。重疊在鎮(zhèn)江方言中既可以構(gòu)詞也可以構(gòu)形。鎮(zhèn)江方言中的名詞重疊形式主要有“AA”式、“AA子”式、“ABB”式、“AAB”式、"AABB"式等；動(dòng)詞重疊形式主要有主要有“AA”式、“AAA”式、“A得A得”式、“A啊A”式、“直A直A”式、“AAB”式、"AABB"式、‘'ABAB"式等；形容詞重疊形式主要有“AA”式、"AABB"式、“AAB”式、“BAA”式、"ABAB"式。鎮(zhèn)江方言中的重疊不僅形式豐富,而且表義功能多樣,表達(dá)出語法意義、感情色彩意義和語用意義。 第四章研究鎮(zhèn)江方言的副詞。論文共詳細(xì)描寫和研究了三十三個(gè)方言副詞。它們分別是：十一個(gè)程度副詞、十二個(gè)語氣副詞、五個(gè)范圍副詞、兩個(gè)情狀副詞、三個(gè)時(shí)間頻率副詞。鎮(zhèn)江方言副詞突出的特點(diǎn)主要是：1)許多非語氣副詞和語氣副詞一樣可以顯示說話人的語氣,表達(dá)說話人的主觀感受；2)通過對(duì)比可以看出,鎮(zhèn)江方言的副詞較為豐富；3)由于受共同語的影響,鎮(zhèn)江方言中的一些副詞的使用頻率現(xiàn)在有所降低。 第五章結(jié)語部分是對(duì)全文的總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Taking Zhenjiang dialect, the author's hometown dialect, as an object, this paper describes the grammatical problems in Zhenjiang dialect, which are characterized by word-formation, overlap and adverb, and compares them with Putonghua.The article consists of the following parts:The first chapter introduces the history of Zhenjiang's humanities, dialects and the present situation, research methods and significance of Zhenjiang dialect.The second chapter mainly studies the addition and the compound way in the Zhenjiang dialect word formation.The inner structure of the vocabulary of Zhenjiang dialect can be divided into simple words and compound words. Among them, the compound words are the main body of the words in Zhenjiang dialect, and there are three kinds of construction methods: additional method, compound method and overlapping method.Addition refers to the method of combining roots and affixes in an additional way to create words.Affixes are word-building markers that have the functions of word formation, transformation, meaning and derivation.The derivation of Zhenjiang dialect has its own characteristics, because of the common language, the original affixes in Zhenjiang dialect are gradually shrinking.According to the position of affixes, we divide them into prefixes, suffixes and affixes. We discuss the following typical affixes in Zhenjiang dialect: "Lao", "Xiao", "2", "Jing", "Xue", "transparent", "tense", "thin", "Zi", "head","Ghost", "panic"; "Li".Compound method refers to the combination of root morpheme and compound word according to certain rules.There are five kinds of compound words in Zhenjiang dialect: joint form, partial formality, subject-predicate type, object type and complement type.Chapter three studies an important grammatical means in Zhenjiang dialect-overlap.Overlap in Zhenjiang dialect can be formed as well as word formation.In Zhenjiang dialect, there are mainly "AA", "AA sub-"," ABB "," AAB "," AABB "and so on, while verb reduplication mainly includes" AA "," AAA "," A get A "," A ah A ", etc."straight A straight A", "AAB", "AABB" and so on; adjective reduplication mainly includes "AA", "AABB", "AAB", "BAA" and "ABAB".The overlap in Zhenjiang dialect is not only rich in form, but also in various functions, expressing grammatical meaning, emotional color meaning and pragmatic meaning.The fourth chapter studies the adverbs of Zhenjiang dialect.The thesis describes and studies 33 dialect adverbs in detail.They are: eleven degree adverbs, twelve mood adverbs, five range adverbs, two situation adverbs and three time frequency adverbs.The salient features of adverbs in Zhenjiang dialect are: (1) many non-modal adverbs and mood adverbs can show the mood of the speaker and express the subjective feelings of the speaker.Due to the influence of common language, some adverbs in Zhenjiang dialect are used less frequently.The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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