本文選題：至少 + 語(yǔ)義　； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文的研究對(duì)象是“至少”。文章以CCL現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)的語(yǔ)料為語(yǔ)言事實(shí),結(jié)合前人的研究成果,從語(yǔ)義、句法、篇章、語(yǔ)用等方面對(duì)“至少”進(jìn)行了較為全面的分析和描寫,并考察了“至少”與反義詞“至多”的對(duì)稱與不對(duì)稱性。 本文共六章。 第一章是緒論部分,闡述選題緣由、相關(guān)研究綜述及語(yǔ)料來(lái)源。 第二章對(duì)“至少”的語(yǔ)義進(jìn)行分析,將“至少”分解成“至少1”、“至少2”和“至少3”,它們分別是范圍副詞、評(píng)注性副詞和篇章連接成分。同時(shí)分析了各自的語(yǔ)義背景及“至少1”和“至少2”的語(yǔ)義指向。我們發(fā)現(xiàn),“至少”是一個(gè)單項(xiàng)后指副詞。 第三章考察了“至少”的句法位置、對(duì)句類的選擇。“至少”句法位置靈活,可位于小句句中、小句句首及小句之間,出于語(yǔ)用和表達(dá)的需要,也有位于句末的情形�！爸辽佟笨梢杂糜陉愂鼍�、疑問(wèn)句和感嘆句,但多用于陳述句。 第四章探討了“至少”的語(yǔ)用功能。三個(gè)“至少”在語(yǔ)用功能上有同有異。 第五章描寫了“至少”的篇章銜接方式,以及與其他表估量的副詞及其他讓步連接成分的共現(xiàn)情況。“至少”具有篇章連接功能,它可以連接句子成分,連接分句,還可以關(guān)聯(lián)句子組成段落。它的隱和現(xiàn)具有規(guī)律性,隱和現(xiàn)也會(huì)導(dǎo)致語(yǔ)用和篇章上的功能差異。 第六章討論了“至少”和“至多”的對(duì)稱與不對(duì)稱性。兩者在語(yǔ)義、句法位置、語(yǔ)體、句類選擇上具有對(duì)稱性；在使用頻率、句法組合上具有不對(duì)稱性。另外,“至少”系列和“至多”系列使用上的不對(duì)稱,僅用已有的“樂(lè)觀原則”似乎不能合理解釋。
[Abstract]:The object of this paper is at least.Taking the corpus of CCL modern Chinese as linguistic facts and combining the previous research results, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis and description of "at least" from the aspects of semantics, syntax, text and pragmatics.The symmetry and asymmetry of "at least" and antonym "most" are examined.There are six chapters in this paper.The first chapter is the introduction part, expounding the reason of selecting the topic, the related research summary and the source of the corpus.The second chapter analyzes the semantics of "at least" and divides "at least" into "at least 1", "at least 2" and "at least 3", which are range adverbs, commentary adverbs and textual connectors, respectively.At the same time, the semantic background and semantic direction of "at least 1" and "at least 2" are analyzed.We find that "at least" is an adverb after a single item.Chapter three examines the syntactic position of "at least" and the choice of sentence types.The syntactic position of "at least" is flexible, it can be located in the small sentence, between the beginning and the clause of the small sentence, for the need of pragmatics and expression, there is also the situation at the end of the sentence."at least" can be used in declarative, interrogative and exclamatory sentences, but more in declarative sentences.Chapter four discusses the pragmatic function of "at least".The three "at least" have different pragmatic functions.The fifth chapter describes the cohesion of "at least" and the co-occurrence with other measured adverbs and other concessional connectives.At least "at least" has the function of linking sentence components, connecting clauses, and associating sentences into paragraphs.Its implicit and present are regular, and implicit and present also lead to pragmatic and textual functional differences.Chapter 6 discusses the symmetry and asymmetry of "at least" and "maximum".They have symmetry in semantic, syntactic position, style and sentence category selection, and asymmetry in usage frequency and syntactic combination.Moreover, the asymmetry in the use of the "at least" and "at most" series does not seem to be justified by the existing "optimistic principles".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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