基于語言接觸理論的廿四都閩南語詞匯演變分析
本文選題:語言接觸 + 廿四都閩南語; 參考:《燕山大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:本研究以“語言接觸導(dǎo)致語言變化”為理論框架,從詞匯的角度對廿四都閩南語變化情況進行研究。在語音、詞匯和語法這三大語言要素中,詞匯是最活躍部分。本論文側(cè)重研究廿四都閩南語的詞匯借用,其借詞來源于三大語言:普通話、吳語和英語。語言接觸在詞匯借用過程中起著不可替代的作用,詞匯借用是最基本和最典型的語言借用。語言接觸是在社會文化的接觸與交流中必然產(chǎn)生的,在參與接觸的語言中留下影像。 贛東北地區(qū)的漢語方言是極為復(fù)雜與豐富的,方言的種類和分布上具有明顯的語言特色。在漢語八大方言中,贛東北地區(qū)就有六種:官話、吳語、贛語、客家話、閩南語和徽語。這些方言,有的成片分布,有的形成方言島,,有的是兩種方言共存于同一語言系統(tǒng)內(nèi),這就構(gòu)成了贛東北地區(qū)方言的多元接觸特征。方言島作為一種特殊的語言形態(tài),是觀察語言接觸和語言演變的最好窗口。 本論文主要采用實地調(diào)查、觀察、描寫、比較以及問卷調(diào)查的研究方法。以《漢語方言調(diào)查詞匯表》為依托,對廿四都一個鎮(zhèn)、五個鄉(xiāng)進行了全面的詞匯調(diào)查,最后擬定出廿四都閩南方言詞匯表,并對這些詞匯進行分類與比較,統(tǒng)計出相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)以便做進一步的研究。最后,對引起廿四都閩南語詞匯變化的原因與影響因素,包括國家的語言政策、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、學(xué)校教育和大眾媒體,進行詳細(xì)地分析與探討。 研究結(jié)論表明,在廿四都閩南方言島里,閩南語的通行范圍逐漸縮小,使用人數(shù)也逐漸減少,說閩南語的人平均年齡趨向老齡化,閩南語的社會使用功能逐漸衰退。因此,閩南語正慢慢走向衰落,有向普通話、吳語靠攏的趨勢,同時也間接地受到英語影響。然而借詞中的一些發(fā)音系統(tǒng)仍然保留著當(dāng)?shù)赝琳Z的特點。在詞匯方面,借入詞語基本上保持原來的詞形面貌。但隨著社會的發(fā)展,借入詞語在不斷發(fā)展壯大,土話的固有詞匯可能會被遺忘或丟失。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of "language contact leads to language change", this study studies the change of Minnan language from the lexical point of view.Among the three major language elements, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, vocabulary is the most active part.This thesis focuses on the vocabulary borrowing of Minnan dialect, which comes from three major languages: Putonghua, Wu and English.Language contact plays an irreplaceable role in the process of vocabulary borrowing, which is the most basic and typical language borrowing.Language contact is inevitable in the social and cultural contact and communication, leaving images in the language involved in contact.The Chinese dialects in Northeast Jiangxi are very complicated and rich, and the types and distribution of dialects have obvious linguistic characteristics.There are six dialects in Northeast Jiangxi: Mandarin, Wu, Gan, Hakka, Minnan and Hui.Some of these dialects are distributed in pieces, some form dialect islands, and some two dialects coexist in the same language system, which constitutes the pluralistic contact characteristics of dialects in Northeast Jiangxi.As a special language form, dialect island is the best window to observe language contact and language evolution.This thesis mainly adopts the research methods of field investigation, observation, description, comparison and questionnaire.Based on the Chinese dialect Survey Glossary, a comprehensive vocabulary survey was carried out in 24 cities and five townships. Finally, a vocabulary list of the 24 capital Minnan dialects was drawn up, and these words were classified and compared.Statistics the corresponding data for further study.Finally, the causes and influencing factors of the change of the vocabulary of Minnan dialect, including the national language policy, economic development, school education and mass media, are analyzed and discussed in detail.The results show that in the island of Minnan dialect, the popular range of Minnan dialect is gradually reduced and the number of people in use is decreasing. The average age of Fukienese speakers tends to be aging, and the social function of Minnan dialect is gradually declining.Therefore, Minnan language is slowly declining, with the trend of moving towards Putonghua and Wu dialect, and indirectly influenced by English.However, some of the phonetic systems in loanwords still retain the characteristics of local vernacular.In terms of vocabulary, borrowed words basically maintain their original morphology.However, with the development of society and the growing of borrowing words, the native vocabulary may be forgotten or lost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:H17
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