本文選題：語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)　切入點(diǎn)：言語(yǔ)幽默　出處：《西華大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：預(yù)設(shè)大量存在于各種言語(yǔ)交際當(dāng)中，尤其對(duì)言語(yǔ)幽默有很強(qiáng)的解釋力。本文試圖從語(yǔ)用的角度解讀中文脫口秀《越策越開(kāi)心》中的幽默言語(yǔ)，集中探討預(yù)設(shè)現(xiàn)象在脫口秀這一特殊言語(yǔ)交際中是如何發(fā)揮作用、產(chǎn)生幽默效果的。 預(yù)設(shè)研究最早源于哲學(xué)領(lǐng)域，吸引了不同領(lǐng)域?qū)W者的興趣。隨著語(yǔ)言學(xué)的發(fā)展，，預(yù)設(shè)逐漸成為語(yǔ)言學(xué)家們的熱門(mén)研究課題。預(yù)設(shè)一般分為語(yǔ)義預(yù)設(shè)和語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)兩大類(lèi)，本文主要以語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)為理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行分析。語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)是指發(fā)話(huà)人在說(shuō)話(huà)之前對(duì)交際語(yǔ)境的主觀認(rèn)知和假設(shè)，不一定是對(duì)外部世界的客觀反映，與語(yǔ)境或常識(shí)相悖，就會(huì)自動(dòng)消失。同一話(huà)語(yǔ)在不同語(yǔ)境下具有不同的預(yù)設(shè)。在交際過(guò)程中，發(fā)話(huà)人根據(jù)交際意圖和自身對(duì)某事物的認(rèn)識(shí)組織話(huà)語(yǔ)，把某種自認(rèn)為正確的信息當(dāng)作是預(yù)設(shè)信息以隱含的方式表達(dá)于語(yǔ)句中，并作為交際的前提和出發(fā)點(diǎn)。而聽(tīng)話(huà)人對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)的解讀并不一定和說(shuō)話(huà)人相同，對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)的處理也不同。正是說(shuō)話(huà)人和聽(tīng)話(huà)人對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)進(jìn)行的各種不同的操作和解讀，導(dǎo)致沖突，產(chǎn)生幽默效果。 幽默產(chǎn)生于對(duì)某種不和諧的突然感知。本文結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)的不和諧理論，在語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的理論框架下從說(shuō)話(huà)人角度的預(yù)設(shè)操作所引發(fā)的幽默，包括使用虛假預(yù)設(shè)、取消預(yù)設(shè)和保留預(yù)設(shè)；聽(tīng)話(huà)人角度的預(yù)設(shè)操作所引發(fā)的幽默，包括誤解、故意曲解和取消對(duì)方預(yù)設(shè)；預(yù)設(shè)與常識(shí)、上下文話(huà)語(yǔ)沖突導(dǎo)致的不和諧三個(gè)方面對(duì)中文脫口秀《越策越開(kāi)心》中的幽默話(huà)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分析，討論預(yù)設(shè)現(xiàn)象在該脫口秀中是如何利用其特點(diǎn)和使用技巧來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)幽默效果而使觀眾發(fā)笑的。實(shí)例分析表明：一、該脫口秀中的言語(yǔ)幽默是通過(guò)說(shuō)話(huà)者和聽(tīng)話(huà)者對(duì)語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的各種策略性操作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，其中說(shuō)話(huà)者取消自身預(yù)設(shè)、聽(tīng)話(huà)者取消和故意曲解說(shuō)話(huà)者預(yù)設(shè)最為常用；二、預(yù)設(shè)與常識(shí)沖突、預(yù)設(shè)與上下文話(huà)語(yǔ)沖突以及預(yù)設(shè)與發(fā)話(huà)人意圖沖突造成各種不和諧從而產(chǎn)生幽默效果，即預(yù)設(shè)引發(fā)的不和諧是該脫口秀中言語(yǔ)幽默的最終原因。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)《越策越開(kāi)心》中幽默言語(yǔ)的分析，希望能夠更好的理解脫口秀中言語(yǔ)幽默的產(chǎn)生及預(yù)設(shè)在動(dòng)態(tài)交際語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用，在語(yǔ)用學(xué)理論尤其是預(yù)設(shè)理論對(duì)幽默的解釋力方面做出一些努力。
[Abstract]:Presupposition exists in all kinds of verbal communication, especially for verbal humor.This paper attempts to interpret the humorous speech in Chinese talk show from the perspective of pragmatics, focusing on how the preset phenomenon plays a role in the special verbal communication of the talk show and produces the humorous effect.The study of presupposition originated from the field of philosophy and attracted the interest of scholars in different fields.With the development of linguistics, presupposition has gradually become a hot research topic for linguists.Presupposition is generally divided into two categories: semantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition.Pragmatic presupposition refers to the subjective cognition and hypothesis of the speaker's communicative context before he speaks. It is not necessarily an objective reflection of the external world and will disappear automatically if it is contrary to context or common sense.The same discourse has different presuppositions in different contexts.In the process of communication, the speaker organizes the discourse according to the communicative intention and his own understanding of something, and expresses the presupposition information in the sentence in an implicit way, which is regarded as the presupposition information, and as the premise and starting point of communication.The listener's interpretation of presupposition is not necessarily the same as that of the speaker, and the presupposition is treated differently.It is the different operation and interpretation of presupposition between the speaker and the hearer that leads to conflict and humorous effect.Humor arises from a sudden perception of some dissonance.Based on the traditional theory of disharmony, this paper presents the humor caused by preset operation from the perspective of the speaker under the theoretical framework of pragmatic presupposition, including the use of false presupposition, the cancellation of presupposition and the retention of presupposition;Humor caused by preset operation from the perspective of the hearer, including misunderstanding, deliberate misinterpretation and cancellation of presupposition; presupposition and common sense,Three aspects of disharmony caused by contextual discourse conflict are used to analyze the humorous utterances in the Chinese talk show "more and more fun".This paper discusses how the preset phenomenon can make the audience laugh by using its features and techniques to make the audience laugh.Examples show that: first, the verbal humor in the talk show is realized through various strategic actions of the speaker and the listener to the pragmatic presupposition, in which the speaker cancels the presupposition.Second, presupposition and common sense conflict, presupposition and contextual discourse conflict, presupposition and speaker intention conflict cause various disharmony and produce humorous effect.The disharmony caused by presupposition is the ultimate cause of verbal humor in the talk show.Based on the analysis of humorous speech in "more strategies and happier", this paper hopes to better understand the generation of verbal humor in talk shows and the application of presupposition in dynamic communication context.Some efforts have been made in pragmatic theory, especially presupposition theory, to explain humor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H13

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 羅國(guó)瑩;;如何避免語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)失誤[J];修辭學(xué)習(xí);2006年05期

2 石紹云;;英漢廣告雙關(guān)中的語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)[J];大家;2011年05期

3 蕭九根;廣告語(yǔ)用策略中的邏輯推理[J];閱讀與寫(xiě)作;2001年01期

4 張敏;;標(biāo)語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的作用[J];現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)文(語(yǔ)言研究版);2008年04期

5 朱永生,苗興偉;語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的語(yǔ)篇功能[J];外國(guó)語(yǔ)(上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào));2000年03期

6 邱惠;;淺析語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)在廣告語(yǔ)言中的應(yīng)用及其效果[J];中國(guó)石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年01期

7 丁麗蘭;;語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)及其交際功能[J];皖西學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年01期

8 魏在江;;認(rèn)知參照點(diǎn)與語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)[J];外語(yǔ)學(xué)刊;2008年03期

9 周黎;;商業(yè)廣告中的語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)[J];山東電力高等專(zhuān)科學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2008年02期

10 黎倩;;預(yù)設(shè)的語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)用分析[J];企業(yè)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā);2008年10期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前8條

1 胡澤洪;;論語(yǔ)義預(yù)設(shè)[A];1993年邏輯研究專(zhuān)輯[C];1993年

2 高軍;;語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)及其翻譯策略[A];中國(guó)英漢語(yǔ)比較研究會(huì)第七次全國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2006年

3 朱楚宏;;成語(yǔ)“無(wú)動(dòng)于衷”詞典釋義述評(píng)——兼談概括性與具體義的取舍[A];第六屆漢語(yǔ)詞匯語(yǔ)義學(xué)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2005年

4 張q

本文編號(hào)：1711711