本文選題：“誰”　切入點：NP　出處：《湘潭大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：前人對“誰是NP”的研究多是把“誰是NP”與“NP是誰”聯系在一起。本文首先回顧和評價了前人對“誰是NP”的研究，繼而回顧了前人對“誰是NP”和與其相關的句式“NP是誰”的對比研究。本研究涉及這兩個句式以及由它們變換或擴展而來的其他句式的語義屬性。 本研究的理論框架為指稱理論(Referential Theory)和情境理論(Situation Theory)。這兩者為我們的研究提供了很好的理論基礎。 我們發(fā)現，說話者、聽話者與NP是否共現于同一現實情境中影響到對“誰是NP”中“誰”的不同回答。若只有說話者與聽話者，回答側重于NP的內涵；若只有說話者與NP（這種情況下NP的所指就在聽話人之中），回答側重于NP的所指；若三者共現，回答側重于NP的內涵。對“NP是誰”中“誰”的回答的研究結果也基本如此。針對“誰是NP”與“NP是誰”中“誰”的回答，通常情況下，在不影響問話人的理解的意義上來講，基本可以采用同樣的內容。通過本研究我們還發(fā)現，NP的長度關系到問話人對兩個句式的不同選取以及對兩個句式的不同回答，當NP本身較長或NP為人稱代詞、指示代詞與地點名詞時，NP只適合用于句式“NP是誰”。這一發(fā)現同時也有助于解釋為什么“NP是誰”的使用頻率高于“誰是NP”。 本研究的結果不僅有助于母語為漢語的學習者對“誰是NP”與“NP是誰”的理解，而且有助于對外漢語教師更清楚地給外籍學生講解“誰是NP”與“NP是誰”的異同，，同時也有助于外國留學生消除由于英漢語之間的語序不同以及詞語的用途不同產生的困擾。通過對具體例子的解讀，留學生可以明白哪些NP可以用于“誰是NP”，哪些NP可以用于“NP是誰”。
[Abstract]:Previous researches on "who is NP" are mostly related to "who is NP" and "who is NP". This paper first reviews and evaluates the previous studies on "who is NP". Then it reviews the previous comparative studies on "who is NP" and its related sentence pattern "NP is who". This study deals with the semantic attributes of these two sentence patterns and other sentence patterns which are transformed or extended from them. The theoretical framework of this study is referential theory and situational theory, which provide a good theoretical basis for our research. We find that whether the speaker, hearer and NP co-exist in the same realistic situation affects the different answers to "who" in "who is NP". If only the speaker and the hearer are the only ones, the answer focuses on the connotation of NP; If only the speaker and NPs (in this case, NP's reference is among the hearers), the answer is focused on NP's reference; if all three are present, The answer focuses on the meaning of NP. The results of the research on the answer of "who" in "NP" are basically the same. For "who is NP" and "who" in "NP", usually speaking, in the sense that does not affect the understanding of interviewees, We also find that the length of NP is related to the different selection of two sentence patterns and the different answers to two sentence patterns, when NP itself is longer or NP is a personal pronoun. It is also helpful to explain why "who is NP" is used more frequently than "who is NP". The results of this study not only help native Chinese learners understand "who is NP" and "who is NP", but also help teachers of Chinese as a foreign language to explain the similarities and differences between "who is NP" and "NP who" more clearly to foreign students. At the same time, it also helps foreign students to eliminate the puzzles arising from the differences in word order and the use of words between English and Chinese. International students can understand which NP can be used for who is NP and which NP can be used for NP who.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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