本文選題：三音節(jié)詞語　切入點(diǎn)：語音結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本次研究的的對(duì)象是現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯中的三音節(jié)詞語，研究的著眼點(diǎn)在于其語音結(jié)構(gòu)和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的分析。通過研究希望達(dá)到以下兩個(gè)目的：從現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)范疇看，通過對(duì)其進(jìn)行層次、結(jié)構(gòu)以及其他方面的研究，可以更完整地、深入地了解詞匯系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀及特點(diǎn)；從現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)范疇看，現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)既有相對(duì)的穩(wěn)定性，也在不斷地變化發(fā)展，通過對(duì)三音節(jié)詞語進(jìn)行分析研究，有助于探究詞匯發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)及趨勢(shì)。本文的研究方法是語料庫基礎(chǔ)上的定量統(tǒng)計(jì)與定性分析相結(jié)合。本次研究所選的語料主要來自兩本詞典：一是由李行健主編的，外語教學(xué)與研究出版社、語文出版社出版的《現(xiàn)代漢語規(guī)范詞典》（2004年1月第1版）；二是由中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院語言研究所詞典編輯室編輯的，商務(wù)印書館出版的《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》（2005年6月第5版）。定量統(tǒng)計(jì)的內(nèi)容包括：（1）三音節(jié)詞語中各詞類和詞組包含的詞條數(shù)，具體分為名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、代詞、擬聲詞、連類、量詞、數(shù)詞、嘆詞和詞組，共計(jì)十一類；（2）三音節(jié)詞語內(nèi)包含的語素?cái)?shù)量；（3）三音節(jié)詞語的各節(jié)律結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)量分布；（4）三音節(jié)詞語的各語法結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)量分布。定性分析包括三音節(jié)詞和詞組的節(jié)律結(jié)構(gòu)、語法結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)律和特殊結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系，以及詞和詞組在節(jié)律、語法方面的分析比較。從詞類方面看，漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)中的三音節(jié)詞以名詞類最多，說明其具有名詞化的傾向，并且這也是十分開放的一類，現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的新事物、新現(xiàn)象、新觀念的產(chǎn)生都將在此范圍內(nèi)得到表現(xiàn)。其他按照數(shù)量的多少，，依次為：形容詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、代詞、量詞、連詞、數(shù)詞、擬聲詞、嘆詞。其中副詞和連詞是兩個(gè)相對(duì)封閉的類。三音節(jié)詞語中包含三個(gè)語素的詞條數(shù)量最多，其次為包含兩個(gè)語素的詞條，再次為包含一個(gè)語素的詞條。現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)中的三音節(jié)詞語以“2+1”式的為多數(shù)，其次為“1+2”式，最后為“1+1+1”式。這反映了三音節(jié)詞語的形成遵循了漢語社團(tuán)“比類取象”、“援物比類”的思維方式，也說明，三音節(jié)詞語與雙音節(jié)詞語和單音節(jié)詞語具有密切的聯(lián)系。三音節(jié)詞語中第一層次間語素的語法結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系包含兩音節(jié)詞中的全部結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系，如：偏正關(guān)系、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系、動(dòng)補(bǔ)關(guān)系、主謂關(guān)系等。語法結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系中數(shù)量最多的是偏正關(guān)系，比重達(dá)百分之七十以上；其次為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；再次為附加關(guān)系。其他結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系數(shù)量較少。這與雙音節(jié)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系有相似之處，說明三音節(jié)詞語同樣遵循漢語的一般語法規(guī)則，符合傳統(tǒng)的語言習(xí)慣。三音節(jié)詞語還具有自己特有的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，例如，出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)的逆序形式、出現(xiàn)了較完整的主謂賓形式等。
[Abstract]:The object of this study is the three-syllable words in modern Chinese vocabulary. The research focuses on the analysis of its phonetic structure and grammatical structure. The purpose of this study is to achieve the following two purposes: from the perspective of the static category of modern Chinese lexical system, Through the study of its hierarchy, structure and other aspects, we can understand the present situation and characteristics of the lexical system more completely and deeply, and from the dynamic category of the modern Chinese lexical system, the modern Chinese lexical system has relative stability. Also constantly changing and developing, through the analysis of the three-syllable words, This research method is a combination of quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis on the basis of corpus. The corpus selected in this study mainly comes from two dictionaries: one is edited by Li Xingjian. A Dictionary of the norms of Modern Chinese published by Foreign language Teaching and Research Press and Chinese Publishing House (January 2004, 1st Edition); second, edited by the editorial Office of the Institute of languages of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, The Modern Chinese Dictionary published by the Commercial Press (June 2005, 5th Edition). The quantitative statistical contents include the number of entries in the three-syllable words and phrases, which are divided into nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, pronouns, onomatopoeias, and onomatopoeia. Conjunctions, quantifiers, numerals, interjections and phrases, The number of morpheme contained in three syllable words is 3) the quantity distribution of each rhythm structure of three syllable words and the quantity distribution of grammatical structure of three syllable words. The qualitative analysis includes the rhythm structure of three syllable words and phrases. The general rules and special structural relationships of grammatical structures, as well as the analysis and comparison of the rhythm and grammar of words and phrases. In terms of parts of speech, the majority of three-syllable words in Chinese lexical system are nouns, indicating that they tend to be nominalized. And this is also a very open class. The emergence of new things, new phenomena, and new concepts in real life will all be expressed in this scope. The others are: adjectives, verbs, adverbs, pronouns, classifiers, according to the number of quantities. Conjunctions, numerals, onomatopoeias, interjections. Adverbs and conjunctions are two relatively closed categories. Thirdly, the three syllable words in the modern Chinese lexical system are mostly "21", followed by "12". This reflects that the formation of three-syllable words follows the thinking mode of "comparing class to taking image" and "assisting material comparing category" in the Chinese community, which also shows that the formation of the three-syllable words follows the mode of thinking of the Chinese community. Three syllable words are closely related to double syllable words and monosyllabic words. The grammatical structure relation of the first level of the three syllable words includes all the structural relations in the two syllable words, such as the positive relation, the verb-object relation, the movement-complement relation. The number of grammatical relations is more than 70%, followed by verb-object relations. There are similarities with the structural relations of dicyllabic words, which shows that the three-syllable words also follow the general grammatical rules of Chinese. The three-syllable words also have their own grammatical structure, such as the reverse form of verb-object structure and the relatively complete subject-predicate object form, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H136

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